Details
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Molecular Formula | C7H6O2 |
| Molecular Weight | 122.1213 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1
InChI
InChIKey=WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C7H6O2/c8-7(9)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,(H,8,9)
| Molecular Formula | C7H6O2 |
| Molecular Weight | 122.1213 |
| Charge | 0 |
| Count |
|
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
DescriptionSources: http://www.viacheminc.com/product/ammonium-benzoate/https://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_risk/committees/04_sccp/docs/sccp_o_015.pdfCurator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including:
http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/en/d/Jh2918e/24.2.html | http://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Benzoic_acid | http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/cicad/cicad26_rev_1.pdf | https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/700679/BENZOIC_ACID/
Sources: http://www.viacheminc.com/product/ammonium-benzoate/https://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_risk/committees/04_sccp/docs/sccp_o_015.pdf
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including:
http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/en/d/Jh2918e/24.2.html | http://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Benzoic_acid | http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/cicad/cicad26_rev_1.pdf | https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/ingredient/700679/BENZOIC_ACID/
Benzoic acid is a natural ingredient occurring in many foodstuffs and in plant extracts. Benzoic acid, its salts and esters are used as preservatives in cosmetic products, with a maximum concentration of 0.5 %. Benzoic acid and sodium benzoate are on the FDA list of substances that are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). Both may be used as antimicrobial agents, flavouring agents and as adjuvants with a current maximum level of 0.1% in food. Benzoic acid is a constituent of Whitfield Ointment, which is used for the treatment of fungal skin diseases such as tinea, ringworm, and athlete's foot. Adverse effect of Whitfield Ointment: occasionally, a localized mild inflammatory response occurs.
Originator
Approval Year
Targets
| Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
|---|---|---|---|
Target ID: map00010 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1785916 |
Conditions
| Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Curative | Whitfield’s ointment Approved UseTreatment of mild superficial fungal infections, particularly tinea pedis, tinea corporis and, occasionally, tinea capitis. |
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| Curative | Whitfield’s ointment Approved UseTreatment of mild superficial fungal infections, particularly tinea pedis, tinea corporis and, occasionally, tinea capitis. |
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| Primary | UCEPHAN Approved UseSodium benzoate and sodium phenylacetate combination is used to treat a condition caused by too much ammonia in the blood (hyperammonemia). Launch Date1987 |
Cmax
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
99.7 μg/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1804654/ |
40 mg single, oral dose: 40 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
BENZOIC ACID plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
AUC
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
104.4 μg × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1804654/ |
40 mg single, oral dose: 40 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
BENZOIC ACID plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
T1/2
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
0.5 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1804654/ |
40 mg single, oral dose: 40 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
BENZOIC ACID plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED |
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| The role of Cys108 in Trigonopsis variabilis d-amino acid oxidase examined through chemical oxidation studies and point mutations C108S and C108D. | 2010-07 |
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| Mutagenicity of electrophilic N-acyloxy-N-alkoxyamides. | 2001-07-25 |
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| A novel pathway of aerobic benzoate catabolism in the bacteria Azoarcus evansii and Bacillus stearothermophilus. | 2001-07-06 |
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| Characterization of the reaction mechanism for the XL-I form of bovine liver xenobiotic/medium-chain fatty acid:CoA ligase. | 2001-07-01 |
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| Differential effects of naturally occurring isothiocyanates on the activities of cytochrome P450 2E1 and the mutant P450 2E1 T303A. | 2001-07-01 |
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| Oral agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: pharmacology, toxicity, and treatment. | 2001-07 |
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| m-Iodobenzoic acid complexes with selected metals: molecular structure and antimicrobial activity. | 2001-06 |
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| Mineralization of 2,4-D, mecoprop, isoproturon and terbuthylazine in a chalk aquifer. | 2001-06 |
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| Reactions of O*- with methyl benzoate: a negative ion chemical ionization and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance study. | 2001-06 |
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| N-hydroxybenzenecarboximidic acid derivatives: a new class of nitroxyl-generating prodrugs. | 2001-06 |
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| Contact allergy to balsam of Peru. II. Patch test results in 102 patients with selected balsam of Peru constituents. | 2001-06 |
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| A multicenter study of patch test reactions with dental screening series. | 2001-06 |
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| Interplay between dipolar, stacking and hydrogen-bond interactions in the crystal structures of unsymmetrically substituted esters, amides and nitriles of (R,R)-O,O'-dibenzoyltartaric acid. | 2001-06 |
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| Hepatic uptake and metabolism of benzoate: a multiple indicator dilution, perfused rat liver study. | 2001-06 |
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| The loading module of rifamycin synthetase is an adenylation-thiolation didomain with substrate tolerance for substituted benzoates. | 2001-05-22 |
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| Electric field analysis on the improved skin concentration of benzoate by electroporation. | 2001-05-21 |
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| Photosensitization of crystalline and amorphous titanium dioxide by platinum(IV) chloride surface complexes. | 2001-05-04 |
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| The photochemistry of 2-(1-naphthyl)ethyl benzoates: cycloaddition and intramolecular exciplex formation. | 2001-05-04 |
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| Comamonas nitrativorans sp. nov., a novel denitrifier isolated from a denitrifying reactor treating landfill leachate. | 2001-05 |
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| Separation of a phenol carboxylating organism from a two-member, strict anaerobic co-culture. | 2001-05 |
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| Effect of several organic acids on phosphate adsorption by variable charge soils of central China. | 2001-05 |
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| Tyrosine and phenylalanine catabolism by Lactobacillus cheese flavor adjuncts. | 2001-05 |
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| Interaction of the novel anticonvulsant, BIA 2-093, with voltage-gated sodium channels: comparison with carbamazepine. | 2001-05 |
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| Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact. | 2001-05 |
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| Two dimeric CuII benzoate derivatives solvated with acetonitrile. | 2001-05 |
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| Modeling the survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in apple cider using probability distribution functions for quantitative risk assessment. | 2001-05 |
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| The biosynthesis of benzoic acid glucosinolate esters in Arabidopsis thaliana. | 2001-05 |
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| Asbestos causes apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells: role of iron-induced free radicals. | 2001-05 |
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| Method for the measurement of antioxidant activity in human fluids. | 2001-05 |
|
| Separation and determination of flavonoids and other phenolic compounds in cranberry juice by high-performance liquid chromatography. | 2001-04-13 |
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| Laterally attached liquid-crystalline polymers as stationary phases in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. III. Effect of the local anisotropic order on the separation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. | 2001-04-13 |
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| Anaerobic degradation of aromatic compounds coupled to Fe(III) reduction by Ferroglobus placidus. | 2001-04 |
|
| Specific antioxidant activity of caffeoyl derivatives and other natural phenolic compounds: LDL protection against oxidation and decrease in the proinflammatory lysophosphatidylcholine production. | 2001-04 |
|
| Triterpene and flavanone glycoside from Rhododendron simsii. | 2001-04 |
|
| Novel retinoidal tropolone derivatives. Bioisosteric relationship of tropolone ring with benzoic acid moiety in retinoid structure. | 2001-04 |
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| Heterogenous and homogenous catalytic oxidation by supported gamma-FeOOH in a fluidized-bed reactor: kinetic approach. | 2001-03-15 |
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| Headspace analysis of engine oil by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. | 2001-03-15 |
|
| Hippuric acid as a modifier of calcium oxalate crystallisation. | 2001-03 |
|
| Hippuric acid test using 13C-labelling and NMR spectroscopy. | 2001-03 |
|
| [Kinetics of in vitro drug release from chitosan and N-alkyl chitosan membranes]. | 2001-03 |
|
| A calorimetrically based method to convert toxic compounds into poly-3-hydroxybutyrate and to determine the efficiency and velocity of conversion. | 2001-03 |
|
| Geobacter hydrogenophilus, Geobacter chapellei and Geobacter grbiciae, three new, strictly anaerobic, dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducers. | 2001-03 |
|
| Desulfomonile limimaris sp. nov., an anaerobic dehalogenating bacterium from marine sediments. | 2001-03 |
|
| Signature metabolites attesting to the in situ attenuation of alkylbenzenes in anaerobic environments. | 2001-02-15 |
|
| Substrate specificity of human cathepsin D using internally quenched fluorescent peptides derived from reactive site loop of kallistatin. | 2001-01-12 |
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| Acid tolerance of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and its survival in apple juice. | 2001 |
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| [Studies on the infrared and fluorescence spectra of europium lanthanum-benzoate complexes]. | 1999-08 |
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| Studies of aflatoxins in Chiang Mai, Thailand. | 1992-04 |
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| [Influence of sodium benzoate, p-aminobenzoic acid and ammonium benzoate on the lethal doses of procaine and lidocaine in male rats (author's transl)]. | 1973-12 |
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| A system of qualitative analysis for the common metals in presence of phosphates, using ammonium benzoate. | 1947-10 |
Sample Use Guides
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50 825 mg/kg
oral-mouse LD50 235 mg/kg
intravenous-rabbit LDLo 400 mg/kg
Route of Administration:
Other
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20193780
Colorimetric titration of protein thiol groups revealed that in the presence of ammonium benzoate (0.12 mM), the two muteins were not oxidized at cysteines whereas in the wild-type enzyme, one thiol group was derivatized.
| Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
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on
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| Record UNII |
8SKN0B0MIM
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| Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
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| Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
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JECFA EVALUATION |
INS-210
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FDA ORPHAN DRUG |
11385
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FDA ORPHAN DRUG |
77993
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NDF-RT |
N0000175807
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EPA PESTICIDE CODE |
9101
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NDF-RT |
N0000175806
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CFR |
21 CFR 310.527
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LOINC |
75065-3
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CFR |
21 CFR 573.210
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FDA ORPHAN DRUG |
365712
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CODEX ALIMENTARIUS (GSFA) |
INS-210
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CFR |
21 CFR 184.1021
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| Code System | Code | Type | Description | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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C45678
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CONCEPT | Industrial Aid | ||
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8SKN0B0MIM
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PRIMARY | |||
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70589
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ALTERNATIVE | |||
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30746
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PRIMARY | |||
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100000090433
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PRIMARY | |||
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BENZOIC ACID
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PRIMARY | Description: Colourless, light, feathery crystals or a white, microcrystalline powder; odour, characteristic, faint. Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; freely soluble in ethanol (~750 g/l) TS, ether R. Category: Dermatological agent. Storage: Benzoic acid should be kept in a well-closed container. Definition: Benzoic acid contains not less than 99.0% and not more than 100.5% of C7H6O2, calculated with reference to the anhydrous substance. | ||
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8SKN0B0MIM
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149
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C61646
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D019817
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CHEMBL541
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704
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743
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m2363
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PRIMARY | Merck Index | ||
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18989
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1055002
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243
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DTXSID6020143
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16150
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BENZOIC ACID
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DB03793
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SUB12469MIG
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65-85-0
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200-618-2
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4664
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| Related Record | Type | Details | ||
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT |
CHROMATOGRAPHIC PURITY (TLC)
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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DERIVATIVE -> PARENT |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT | |||
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT |
MIC 320 mg/L for ATCC 700392 and ATCC 700824 strains of H. pylori.
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT |
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TARGET -> INHIBITOR |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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PRODRUG -> METABOLITE ACTIVE |
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METABOLITE -> PARENT |
URINE
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METABOLITE -> PARENT |
in horse urine
URINE
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PARENT -> METABOLITE |
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| Related Record | Type | Details | ||
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PARENT -> IMPURITY |
CHROMATOGRAPHIC PURITY (HPLC/UV)
EP
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PARENT -> IMPURITY |
CHROMATOGRAPHIC PURITY (HPLC/UV)
USP
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PARENT -> IMPURITY |
CHROMATOGRAPHIC PURITY (HPLC/UV)
EP
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PARENT -> IMPURITY |
Correction factors: for the calculation of contents, multiply the peak areas by 4.0
CHROMATOGRAPHIC PURITY (HPLC/UV)
EP
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PARENT -> IMPURITY |
CHROMATOGRAPHIC PURITY (HPLC/UV)
EP
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PARENT -> IMPURITY |
CHROMATOGRAPHIC PURITY (HPLC/UV)
EP
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ACTIVE MOIETY |
http://apps.who.int/phint/pdf/b/Jb.6.1.49.pdf
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