MAGNESIUM CITRATE

US Approved OTC

First marketed in 1921

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	2C6H5O7.3Mg
Molecular Weight	451.1144
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

[Mg++].[Mg++].[Mg++].OC(CC([O-])=O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.OC(CC([O-])=O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O

InChI

InChIKey=PLSARIKBYIPYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-H

InChI=1S/2C6H8O7.3Mg/c2*7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10;;;/h2*13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12);;;/q;;3*+2/p-6

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Description
Sources: http://www.internationalcrystal.net/optics_11.htm | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27792982 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26952467 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27995243https://www.scbt.com/scbt/product/magnesium-nitrate-hexahydrate-13446-18-9 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18964415 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2843308http://www.db-pharma.com/anglais/49.pdfhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/004484868990080Xhttps://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/020309s028lbl.pdfhttps://hazmap.nlm.nih.gov/category-details?table=copytblagents&id=1640DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2008.883http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2903/j.efsa.2013.3444/pdfdoi: 10.1081/SCC-120022479https://www.xymogen.com/assets/imageDisplay.ashx?productID=111&attachmentTypeID=1https://www.drugs.com/ppa/magnesium-chloride.htmlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15480451 | https://www.scbt.com/scbt/product/magnesium-iodide-10377-58-9https://www.drugs.com/dosage/magnesium-lactate.htmlhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/498932 | http://iicbe.org/upload/4152C514072.pdfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/351265
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9873215 | http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1336882/1/1336882.pdf

Struvite, a crystalline substance first identified in the 18th century, is composed of magnesium ammonium phosphate. Struvite urinary stones are also known as ‘infection stones’, and account for 15%-20% of all urinary stones. Bacterial urease, usually from a Proteus species, is responsible for the chemical changes in urine which result in struvite formation.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
action potential 66 Target ID: GO:0001508 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12225296	Inhibitor 8297
magnesium ion homeostasis 70 Target ID: GO:0010960 Sources: http://www.webstercare.com.au/files/continuing_education/wc_continuing_edu_dec2011.pdf \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26812001	Modulator 828
magnesium ion homeostasis 70 Target ID: GO:0010960 Sources: http://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-10702-5106/magnesium-dr/details	Modulator 828
oxalate metabolic process 66 Target ID: GO:0033609 Sources: https://www.medicinep.com/epimag-for-cases-of-oxaluria-and-mild-laxative-to-relieve-constipation-2918.html	Modulator 828
magnesium ion homeostasis 70 Target ID: GO:0010960 Sources: https://www.xymogen.com/assets/imageDisplay.ashx?productID=111&attachmentTypeID=1	Modulator 828
magnesium ion homeostasis 70 Target ID: GO:0010960 Sources: https://www.standardprocess.com/Products/Standard-Process/Magnesium-Lactate#.WP-FxUXyizc \| https://www.drugs.com/mtm/magnesium-lactate.html	Interacts 323
Protein S100-A8 66 Target ID: P05109 Gene ID: 6279.0 Gene Symbol: S100A8 Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human) Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8061680	Binding Agent 1064

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Unknown 2578
Unknown 2578
Bone disease 70 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27792982	Primary	Basic research	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Bacterial infections 234 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27995243	Primary	Preclinical	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Bronchial spasm 78 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20647692	Primary	Preclinical	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Unknown 2578
Unknown 2578
Unknown 2578
Preeclampsia 85 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/020309s028lbl.pdf	Preventing	Approved 8429	MAGNESIUM SULFATE Approved Use INDICATIONS AND USAGE Magnesium Sulfate in Water for Injection is indicated for the prevention and control of seizures in preeclampsia and eclampsia, respectively. When used judiciously it effectively prevents and controls the convulsions of eclampsia without producing deleterious depression of the central nervous system of the mother or infant. However, other effective drugs are available for this purpose. Launch Date 1995
Eclampsia 69 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2013/020309s028lbl.pdf	Primary	Approved 8429	MAGNESIUM SULFATE Approved Use INDICATIONS AND USAGE Magnesium Sulfate in Water for Injection is indicated for the prevention and control of seizures in preeclampsia and eclampsia, respectively. When used judiciously it effectively prevents and controls the convulsions of eclampsia without producing deleterious depression of the central nervous system of the mother or infant. However, other effective drugs are available for this purpose. Launch Date 1995
Preparation for colonoscopy 66 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/204553s001lbl.pdf	Diagnostic	Approved 8429	ColPrep Kit Approved Use INDICATIONS AND USAGE ColPrep Kit is indicated for cleansing of the colon as a preparation for colonoscopy in adults Launch Date 2016
Atrial fibrillation 131 Sources: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00965874	Primary	Phase III 656	MAGNESIUM SULFATE Approved Use INDICATIONS AND USAGE Magnesium Sulfate in Water for Injection is indicated for the prevention and control of seizures in preeclampsia and eclampsia, respectively. When used judiciously it effectively prevents and controls the convulsions of eclampsia without producing deleterious depression of the central nervous system of the mother or infant. However, other effective drugs are available for this purpose. Launch Date 1995
Unknown 2578
Magnesium deficiency 67 Sources: https://www.blackmores.com.au/products/magmin	Curative	Approved 8429	MagMin Approved Use Magnesium aspartate (MagMin) is indicated for patients with documented hypomagnesaemia.
Unknown 2578
Magnesium deficiency 67 Sources: http://www.db-pharma.com/anglais/49.pdf	Curative	Not Provided 504	DELBIASE Approved Use Unknown
Eclampsia 69 Sources: http://www.medicatione.com/?c=drug&s=delbiase&ingredient=magnesium%20bromide/magnesium%20chloride	Primary	Not Provided 504	DELBIASE Approved Use Unknown
Convulsions 72 Sources: http://www.medicatione.com/?c=drug&s=delbiase&ingredient=magnesium%20bromide/magnesium%20chloride	Primary	Not Provided 504	DELBIASE Approved Use Unknown
Magnesium deficiency 67 Sources: http://www.meritpharm.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Chloromag.Magnesium-Chloride.MSDS_.pdf	Curative	Approved 8429	Magnesium Chloride Approved Use Magnesium Chloride injection is indicated as an electrolyte replenisher in magnesium deficiencies
Fibromyalgia 89 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26343101	Palliative	Phase II 1132	Magnesium Chloride Approved Use Unknown
Stroke 144 Sources: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00933868	Palliative	Phase III 656	Magnesium Chloride Approved Use Unknown
Oxaluria 66 Sources: http://drugpamphlet.blogspot.ru/2012/04/epimag.html	Primary	Approved 8429	EPIMAG Approved Use Magnesium citrate is indicated in cases of oxaluria, to prevent recurrence of calcium oxalate kidney stones.
Constipation 112 Sources: http://drugpamphlet.blogspot.ru/2012/04/epimag.html	Primary	Approved 8429	EPIMAG Approved Use Used to relief of occasional constipation (irregularity).
Magnesium deficiency 67 Sources: https://www.xymogen.com/assets/imageDisplay.ashx?productID=111&attachmentTypeID=1	Curative	Approved 8429	Magnesium Citrate Approved Use Magnesium citrate is indicated to supports magnesium nutritional adequacy.
Unknown 2578
Magnesium deficiency 67 Sources: https://www.standardprocess.com/Products/Standard-Process/Magnesium-Lactate#.WP-FxUXyizc https://www.drugs.com/mtm/magnesium-lactate.html	Curative	Approved 8429	Unknown Approved Use Magnesium lactate is a naturally occurring mineral that is needed in the body to support the function of the heart, nervous system, and digestive system. Magnesium lactate is used as a mineral supplement to treat magnesium deficiency.

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Effects of manganese, calcium, magnesium and lithium on the ouabain-induced seizure.	1977	608666
Evidence for separate peptide sequences related to the lipolytic and magnesium-accumulating activities of ACTH. Analogy with adrenergic receptors.	1977 Apr	191614
[Magnesium--an alternative in treatment resistant tachyarrhythmias].	1977 May 30	867390
Serum calcium and magnesium levels in schizophrenia. II. Possible relationship to extrapyramidal symptoms.	1979 Nov	496555
Characterization of the prolactin receptor in human prostate.	1983 Nov	6197504
Symptomatic hypercalcaemia precipitated by magnesium therapy.	1985 Jan	3991404
Regulation of membrane histamine H1-receptor binding sites by guanine nucleotides, mono- and divalent cations.	1986 Apr	3728201
Metal: ATP characteristics of insulin- and epidermal growth factor-stimulated phosphorylation in detergent extracts of rat liver plasma membranes.	1986 Sep	3527812
Decreased intracellular free magnesium in erythrocytes of spontaneously hypertensive rats.	1987 Mar 30	3566749
Characterization of the ATPase activity of the Mr 170,000 to 180,000 membrane glycoprotein (P-glycoprotein) associated with multidrug resistance in K562/ADM cells.	1988 Sep 1	2900677
Effect of magnesium diet in gentamicin-induced acute renal failure in rats.	1989	2915758
[Arrhythmogenic effect of flecainide--treatment with i.v. magnesium].	1989 Sep	2510412
Cocaine-induced cerebral vascular damage can be ameliorated by Mg2+ in rat brain.	1990 Feb 5	2314626
Role of magnesium in cardiac tachyarrhythmias.	1990 Jun 19	2353670
Modulation of mu, delta and kappa opioid receptors in rat brain by metal ions and histidine.	1990 May	2162496
Magnesium inhibits the hypertensive but not the cardiotonic actions of low-dose epinephrine.	1991 Jun	2042788
['Cardiac ballet' with and without amiodarone].	1993 Jan 13	8421775
Overexpressed protein kinase C-delta and -epsilon subtypes in NIH 3T3 cells exhibit differential subcellular localization and differential regulation of sodium-dependent phosphate uptake.	1994 Feb 18	8106444
Cocaine-induced cerebrovasospasm and its possible mechanism of action.	1994 Mar	8138965
Differential modulation of alpha 3 beta 2 and alpha 3 beta 4 neuronal nicotinic receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes by flufenamic acid and niflumic acid.	1995 Mar	7891159
Effects of felbamate on muscarinic and metabotropic-glutamate agonist-mediated responses and magnesium-free or 4-aminopyridine-induced epileptiform activity in guinea pig olfactory cortex neurons in vitro.	1996 Jun	8667248
Pretreatment with magnesium sulphate is associated with less succinylcholine-induced fasciculation and subsequent tracheal intubation-induced hemodynamic changes than precurarization with vecuronium during rapid sequence induction.	2006	17067136
Evidence for a two-step mechanism involved in the formation of covalent HC x TSG-6 complexes.	2006 Jun 20	16768462
Improvement of neurobehavioral disorders in children supplemented with magnesium-vitamin B6. II. Pervasive developmental disorder-autism.	2006 Mar	16846101
Uncompetitive inhibition of Xenopus laevis aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 by divalent cations.	2006 Mar	16603817
The expression of genes for transepithelial calcium-transporting proteins in the bovine duodenum.	2006 Mar	16490722
Kinetic properties of chimeric class I aldehyde dehydrogenases for retinal isomers.	2006 Oct	17167544
The specific, submicromolar-Km ADP-ribose pyrophosphatase purified from human placenta is enzymically indistinguishable from recombinant NUDT9 protein, including a selectivity for Mn2+ as activating cation and increase in Km for ADP-ribose, both elicited by H2O2.	2006 Oct	16860484
Divalent-metal-dependent nucleolytic activity of Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase.	2006 Oct	16804677
Multivariate analysis of the selected metals in the hair of cerebral palsy patients versus controls.	2006 Summer	16943593
Magnesium attenuates isoproterenol-induced acute cardiac dysfunction and beta-adrenergic desensitization.	2007 Mar	17114241
Cisplatin-induced hypomagnesemia and cardiac dysrhythmia.	2007 Nov	16619211
Characterization and distribution of the selected metals in the scalp hair of cancer patients in comparison with normal donors.	2007 Sep	17916923
Treatment of migraine with prophylactic drugs.	2008 Oct	18803445
Cocaine use disorders and serum magnesium profile.	2009	19439996
Differential binding of inorganic particles to MARCO.	2009 Jan	18836211
AZT-induced oxidative cardiovascular toxicity: attenuation by Mg-supplementation.	2009 Jun	19484392
The loop connecting metal-binding domains 3 and 4 of ATP7B is a target of a kinase-mediated phosphorylation.	2009 Jun 23	19405516
Evidence that TRPM7 is required for breast cancer cell proliferation.	2009 Sep	19515901
Differential effects of divalent manganese and magnesium on the kinase activity of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2).	2010 Apr 13	20205471
Involvement of transient receptor potential melastatin-related 7 (TRPM7) channels in cadmium uptake and cytotoxicity in MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts.	2010 Dec 15	20932883
Carcinogenic heavy metals replace Ca2+ for DNA binding and annealing activities of mono-ubiquitinated annexin A1 homodimer.	2010 Oct 1	20655937
Metals affect the structure and activity of human plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. I. Modulation of stability and protease inhibition.	2011 Feb	21280127
Millimolar Mn2+ influences agonist binding to 5-HT1A receptors by inhibiting guanosine nucleotide binding to receptor-coupled G-proteins.	2011 Jan	21126535
Mechanically enforced bond dissociation reports synergistic influence of Mn2+ and Mg2+ on the interaction between integrin α7β1 and invasin.	2011 Jul-Aug	21584882
Hypoxia induces an increase in intracellular magnesium via transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) channels in rat hippocampal neurons in vitro.	2011 Jun 10	21487014
Increased zinc and manganese in parallel with neurodegeneration, synaptic protein changes and activation of Akt/GSK3 signaling in ovine CLN6 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis.	2013	23516525
Warfarin accelerates ectopic mineralization in Abcc6(-/-) mice: clinical relevance to pseudoxanthoma elasticum.	2013 Apr	23415960
Fluorescence lifetime analysis and effect of magnesium ions on binding of NADH to human aldehyde dehydrogenase 1.	2013 Feb 25	23295229
Assessment of infantile mineral imbalances in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs).	2013 Nov 11	24284360

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Murine osteomyelitis model: medical pure titanium plates in size of 10 mm × 10 mm × 1 mm were used for the deposition of Magnesium Fluoride (MgF2) film.

Route of Administration: Topical

In Vitro Use Guide

Unknown

Name

Type

Language

MAGNESIUM CITRATE

Official Name

English

MAGNESIUM CITRATE [USP-RS]

Common Name

English

CITRAMAG

Brand Name

English

MAGNESIUM CITRATE [EP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

1,2,3-PROPANETRICARBOXYLIC ACID, HYDROXY-, MAGNESIUM SALT (2:3)

Common Name

English

NSC-83517

Code

English

CITRIC ACID, MAGNESIUM SALT (2:3)

Common Name

English

MAGNESIUM CITRATE [MART.]

Common Name

English

Magnesium citrate [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

MAGNESIUM CITRATE [MI]

Common Name

English

Magnesium citrate (3:2)

Systematic Name

English

MAGNESIUM CITRATE [JAN]

Common Name

English

MAGNESIUM CITRATE [USP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

MAGNESIUM CITRATE [INCI]

Common Name

English

TRIMAGNESIUM DICITRATE

Systematic Name

English

MAGNESIUM CITRATE TRIBASIC ANHYDROUS

Common Name

English

MAGNESIUM CITRATE [VANDF]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

WHO-VATC

QA12CC04