U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

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There is one exact (name or code) match for tranexamic acid

 

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)



Tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolytic that competitively inhibits the activation of plasminogen to plasmin. Tranexamic acid is a competitive inhibitor of plasminogen activation, and at much higher concentrations, a noncompetitive inhibitor of plasmin, i.e., actions similar to aminocaproic acid. Tranexamic acid is about 10 times more potent in vitro than aminocaproic acid. Tranexamic acid binds more strongly than aminocaproic acid to both the strong and weak receptor sites of the plasminogen molecule in a ratio corresponding to the difference in potency between the compounds. Tranexamic acid in a concentration of 1 mg per mL does not aggregate platelets in vitro. In patients with hereditary angioedema, inhibition of the formation and activity of plasmin by tranexamic acid may prevent attacks of angioedema by decreasing plasmin-induced activation of the first complement protein (C1). Tranexamic acid is used for use in patients with hemophilia for short term use (two to eight days) to reduce or prevent hemorrhage and reduce the need for replacement therapy during and following tooth extraction. It can also be used for excessive bleeding in menstruation, surgery, or trauma cases.

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)



Tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolytic that competitively inhibits the activation of plasminogen to plasmin. Tranexamic acid is a competitive inhibitor of plasminogen activation, and at much higher concentrations, a noncompetitive inhibitor of plasmin, i.e., actions similar to aminocaproic acid. Tranexamic acid is about 10 times more potent in vitro than aminocaproic acid. Tranexamic acid binds more strongly than aminocaproic acid to both the strong and weak receptor sites of the plasminogen molecule in a ratio corresponding to the difference in potency between the compounds. Tranexamic acid in a concentration of 1 mg per mL does not aggregate platelets in vitro. In patients with hereditary angioedema, inhibition of the formation and activity of plasmin by tranexamic acid may prevent attacks of angioedema by decreasing plasmin-induced activation of the first complement protein (C1). Tranexamic acid is used for use in patients with hemophilia for short term use (two to eight days) to reduce or prevent hemorrhage and reduce the need for replacement therapy during and following tooth extraction. It can also be used for excessive bleeding in menstruation, surgery, or trauma cases.
Gavinostat is an orally bioavailable hydroxymate inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) with potential anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and antineoplastic activities. Gavinostat inhibits class I and class II HDACs, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, followed by the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. At low, nonapoptotic concentrations, this agent inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-), interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6 and interferon-gamma. It is currently in phase 2 trials for Myeloproliferative disorders, Polycythaemia vera and Phase III for Duchenne muscular dystrophy announced. In clinical trials of givinostat as a salvage therapy for advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma, the most common adverse reactions were fatigue, mild diarrhea or abdominal pain, moderate thrombocytopenia, and mild leukopenia.
Sulopenem is a thiolanylthiopenem derivative patented by American multinational pharmaceutical corporation Pfizer Inc as an antibiotic with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Sulopenem showed concentration-dependent bactericidal activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. Morphological observation using a phase-contrast microscope revealed that sulopenem induced spherical cell formation with E. coli and K. pneumoniae at lower concentrations and bacteriolysis at higher concentrations. Therapeutic efficacies of sulopenem against systemic infections in mice were almost equal to those of imipenem against Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Vorasidenib (also known as AG 881) was developed as an isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) type 1 in the cytoplasm and type 2 in the mitochondria, with potential antineoplastic activity. It is known that IDH is an essential enzyme for cellular respiration in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Isocitrate dehydrogenases 1 and 2 (IDH1/2) are homodimeric enzymes that catalyze the conversion of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Vorasidenib participated in phase I clinical trials in patients with advanced hematologic malignancies and in gliomas.
Elafibranor (GFT505) is an agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ. GFT505 has an active metabolite, GFT1007, and both have potent agonist activity for PPAR-a and to a lesser extent for PPAR-d. Elafibranor improves insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, and lipid metabolism and reduces inflammation. Elafibranor (GFT505) reverses nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) to prevent fibrosis progression. With an outstanding safety and tolerance profile, elafibranor provides NASH patients with needed cardio-protective benefits. Elafibranor is currently being evaluated in the clinical Phase 3 study RESOLVE-IT. The safety profile of GFT505 from the completed clinical trials appears satisfactory with no indication of PPAR-g agonist effects such as edema or body weight gain.

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)



Landiolol (Onoact) is an intravenously administered, ultra short-acting β1-blocker with an elimination half-life of 3-4 min and ≈8-fold greater cardioselectivity than esmolol in vitro. It is approved in Japan for the treatment of intraoperative and postoperative tachyarrhythmias, but in clinical practice is also used to prevent postoperative tachyarrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting. Randomized controlled trials in patients undergoing open-heart surgery demonstrated that various dosages of landiolol (0.0005-0.04 mg/kg/min) [0.5-40 μg/kg/min] were more effective than diltiazem in converting postoperative atrial fibrillation to normal sinus rhythm during the first 8 h after surgery, and were more effective than placebo (or no landiolol) in preventing the development of atrial fibrillation during the first week after surgery (primary efficacy endpoints). Landiolol was generally well tolerated in clinical trials, with a relatively low risk of hypotension and bradycardia, although routine monitoring of cardiac function during landiolol administration is important. In general, adverse events such as reduced blood pressure resolve quickly after discontinuation of landiolol. Thus, as an ultra short-acting β1-blocker with a rapid onset of action and readily titratable and rapidly reversible effects, landiolol represents an important agent for the management of intraoperative and postoperative tachyarrhythmias.
MBX-8025 (Seladelpar) is an agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta. MBX-8025 improves insulin sensitivity and reverses dyslipidemia and hepatic storage of lipotoxic lipids to improve nonalcoholic steatohepatitis pathology in atherogenic diet-fed obese diabetic mice. MBX-8025 improves lipoprotein subfractions associated with atherogenic dyslipidemia. CymaBay Therapeutics is developing MBX-8025 for the treatment of patients with the autoimmune liver disease, primary biliary cholangitis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
Momelotinib (CYT387) is an ATP-competitive small molecule that potently inhibits JAK1/JAK2 kinases. Momelotinib is developing by Gilead Sciences for the oral treatment of pancreatic and non-small cell lung cancers, and myeloproliferative disorders (including myelofibrosis, essential thrombocythaemia and polycythaemia vera).