U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

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Thiamylal is a barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration, for the induction of general anesthesia, or for inducing a hypnotic state. Thiamylal, a barbiturate, is used in combination with acetaminophen or aspirin and caffeine for its sedative and relaxant effects in the treatment of tension headaches, migraines, and pain. Barbiturates act as nonselective depressants of the central nervous system (CNS), capable of producing all levels of CNS mood alteration from excitation to mild sedation, hypnosis, and deep coma. In sufficiently high therapeutic doses, barbiturates induce anesthesia. Thiamylal binds at a distinct binding site associated with a Cl- ionopore at the GABAA receptor, increasing the duration of time for which the Cl- ionopore is open. The post-synaptic inhibitory effect of GABA in the thalamus is, therefore, prolonged.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
DELVINAL by MSD
(1961)
Source URL:
First approved in 1940
Source:
Delvinal by Sharp & Dohme (MSD)
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)

Conditions:

VINBARBITAL, a barbiturate derivative, is a hypnotic drug. Also, it was used for analgesia and anesthesia in obstetrics.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
SODIUM BUTABARBITAL by IVAX SUB TEVA PHARMS
(1973)
Source URL:
First approved in 1939

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)


Conditions:

Barbiturates are non-selective depressants of the central nervous system. Butabarbital is one of them, which is used under brand name butisol sodium as a sedative or hypnotic. Like other barbiturates, butabarbital is capable of producing all levels of CNS mood alteration from excitation to mild sedation, to hypnosis, and deep coma. The mechanism of action by which barbiturates exert their effect is not yet completely understood, but is assumed, that butabarbital binds at a distinct binding site associated with a Cl- ionopore at the GABAA receptor, increasing the duration of time for which the Cl- ionopore is open. The post-synaptic inhibitory effect of GABA in the thalamus is, therefore, prolonged.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
DELVINAL by MSD
(1961)
Source URL:
First approved in 1940
Source:
Delvinal by Sharp & Dohme (MSD)
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)

Conditions:

VINBARBITAL, a barbiturate derivative, is a hypnotic drug. Also, it was used for analgesia and anesthesia in obstetrics.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
butobarbital
(1923)
Source URL:
First marketed in 1923
Source:
butobarbital
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)


Conditions:

Butethal is a sedative and a hypnotic drug indicated for the treatment of severe intractable insomnia. It acts on receptors in the brain (GABA A receptors) causing the release of the chemical GABA. This chemical inhibits certain areas of the brain resulting in sleepiness. Common side effects are: drowsiness, sedation, unsteadiness, vertigo and inco- ordination. Also, hangover effect, paradoxical excitement, confusion, memory defects and skin rashes. Interactions may occur with the following: adrenocorticoids (cortisone-like medicine), anticoagulants (blood thinners), carbamazepine, corticotropin (barbiturates may decrease the effects of these medicines), central nervous system (CNS) depressants (using these medicines with barbiturates may result in increased CNS depressant effects), divalproex sodium, valproic acid (using these medicines with barbiturates may change the amount of either medicine that you need to take), and oral contraceptives containing estrogens (barbiturates may decrease the effectiveness of these oral contraceptives, and you may need to change to a different type of birth control).
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
ALLONAL APROBARBITAL by ROCHE
(1961)
Source URL:
First marketed in 1921
Source:
ALLONAL APROBARBITAL by ROCHE
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)



Aprobarbital is a barbiturate derivative. Aprobarbital have been used for the short-term treatment of insomnia and for routine sedation to relieve anxiety, tension, and apprehension however, barbiturates generally have been replaced by benzodiazepines.