Indoxacarb is a new oxadiazine insecticide discovered and developed by DuPont. The indoxacarb racemate contains two enantiomers (S : R), designated DPX-KN128 and DPX-KN127, but only the S enantiomer has insecticidal activity. It inhibits insect neuronal voltage-dependent sodium channels. Indoxacarb is an active component of Merck Activyl® used in the treatment of flea and tick in dogs and cats. DuPont™ Steward® WG is a water dispersible granule stomach and contact insecticide powered by Indoxacarb for control of various insect pests on a variety of crops.

Permethrin is a synthetic pyrethrin derivative acts as a neurotoxin by depolarizing the nerve cell membrane. Permethrin disrupts the sodium channel current by which membrane repolarization is regulated resulting in fatal paralysis of the nerves in the exoskeletal respiratory muscles of susceptible arthropods, including lice and mite. Permethrin is sold under brand names NIx and Elimite to treat pediculosis, scabies and demodicidosis.