Epicillin, a penicillin antibiotic, has never been approved in the USA, however, was studied for the treatment of childhood pneumonia, gonorrhea. Epicillin didn’t show any therapeutic advantages for parenteral treatment over ampicillin. By now, ampicillin remains the best-documented drug.

Cimetropium bromide (cimetropium) is a semi-synthetic belladonna alkaliod, a quaternary derivatives of scopolamine. Cimetropium was used in Italy under the name Alginor for the treatment of painful gastrointestinal conditions, such as irritant bowel syndrome or infant colics as well as in preparation for diagnostic procedures. The drug exerts its action by binding to muscarinic receptors and inhibiting their activity.

Thiamphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, which is active against gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. The drug is marketed in Asia and Latin America for the treatment of various infections, including sexually transmitted diseases. As many phenicols, thiamphenicol inhibits the protein synthesis in bacterias by binding to 23S ribosomal subunit. In Europe and USA the drug is used in a veterinary practice.

Oxomemazine is a histamine H₁-receptor antagonist. Additionally, oxomemazine could be classified as a ligand for M1 receptors. It is used in the symptomatic treatment of non-productive coughs that occur specifically at night.

Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate is a magnesium salt form of isoglycyrrhizinate, a derivative of glycyrrhizic acid extracted from the roots of the plant Glycyrrhiza glabra. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities. The drug is believed to be a free radical scavenger and to modulate the activity of hepatic enzymes. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate was investigated in clinical trials to restore hepatic impairments caused by chemotherapy drugs and as a treatment of chronic liver diseases.

Taurocholic acid is a bile acid and is the product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. Taurocholic acid, as with all bile acids, acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and cholerectic (a bile purging agent). Hydrolysis of taurocholic acid yields taurine, a nonessential amino acid. Taurocholic acid is one of the main components of urinary nonsulfated bile acids in biliary atresia. Raised levels of the bile acid taurocholate in the fetal serum in obstetric cholestasis may result in the development of a fetal dysrhythmia and in sudden intra-uterine death. In medical use, it is administered as a cholagogue and choleretic. Taurocholic acid is a potent TGR5 ligand, and in dogs, colonic perfusion with TCA induces PYY secretion. TCA enemas could stimulate GLP-1 and PYY secretion in obese patients with type 2 diabetes receiving the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, sitagliptin. Satiogen Pharmaceuticals is developing rectally administered taurocholic acid, a bile acid, for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Tetrandrine, isolated from the root of Stephania tetrandra S Moore, is a traditional Chinese clinical agent for silicosis, autoimmune disorders, inflammatory pulmonary diseases, cardiovascular diseases and hypertension. Tetrandrine is a potent MDR-reversing agent and is an ABCB1/ABCC1 inhibitor. Tetrandrine (CBT-1) is being developed by CBA Pharma, as an adjunctive therapy to chemotherapy in various cancer types with multiple drug resistance (MDR), including acute myelogenous leukemia , Breast, Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, Hodgkin’s disease, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Multiple Myeloma, Gallbladder, Pancreatic, Gastrointestinal Tract, Small Cell Lung Cancer, Bladder, Head & Neck, and Sarcoma.

Boldenone (INN, BAN), also known as Δ1-testosterone, 1-dihydrotestosterone, or androsta-1,4-dien-3-one-17β-ol (train name Equipoise) is a long-acting injectable anabolic agent for horses, supplied in a vial providing 50 mg boldenone undecylenate per mL in sesame oil with 3% (w/v) benzyl alcohol as a preservative. The activity of boldenone is mainly anabolic, with a low androgenic potency. Boldenone will increase nitrogen retention, protein synthesis increases appetite and stimulates the release of erythropoietin in the kidneys. Boldenone was synthesized in an attempt to create a long-acting injectable methandrostenolone (Dianabol), for androgen deficiency disorders. Boldenone acts similar to methandrostenolone with fewer adverse androgenic effects. Although commonly compared to nandrolone, boldenone lacks progesterone receptor interaction and all the associated progestogenic side effects. Equipoise (Boldenone Undecylenate Injection) is recommended as an aid for treating debilitated horses when an improvement in weight, haircoat or general physical condition is desired. Debilitation often follows disease or may occur following overwork and overexertion. Boldenone improves the general state of debilitated horses, thus aiding in correcting weight losses and improving appetite. It is not a substitute for a well-balanced diet. Optimal results can be expected only when good management and feeding practices are utilized. Boldenone should be considered only as adjunctive therapy to other specific and supportive therapy for diseases, surgical cases, and traumatic injuries.