D-Galacturonic acid is the main constituent of pectin, a naturally abundant compound. It is the monobasic acid resulting from oxidation of the primary alcohol group of D-galactose to carboxyl. D-Galacturonic acid prepared from pectin can be used to synthesize vitamin C. Native pectin is a mixture of polysaccharides, with the major component a polymer of -D-galacturonic acid. Pectin has numerous other medical and pharmaceutical uses, for example in combination with plant hemicelluloses and lignin, may be useful dietary constituents in preventing coronary heart disease, diverticular disease, ulcerative colitis, and a variety of other Western diseases. Pectin, a representative diety fibre, is a gelatinous substance derived from the cell walls of fruits and some plants and contains galacturonan, consisting of mostly long-chain D-galacturonic acids combined into units by α-1,4 linkages. As a kind of soluble dietary fiber, pectin has been proved of controlling glucose and blood lipids. It slows rapid infusion of the liquid meal into the gut by delaying gastric emptying.

Chloric(V) acid is used in chemical analysis and to make other chemicals.

Perchloric acid is a strong acid used for complete digestions of organic material. To prevent injury, goggles or face shield, gloves, and apron must be worn. Perchloric acid must not be mixed with any other waste and should be stored separately from the other chemicals.

Kanamycin A is aminoglycoside anti-bacterial agent. Active against many strains of Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and epidermis. Some strains of Mycobacterium bacterium are sensitive. Most active in alkaline solution. It binds to bacterial ribosomes and reduces mRNA translation hence reduces protein biosynthesis. However, it also exhibits some toxic effects towards mammalian cells.

Dehydrocholic acid is manufactured from cholic acid by oxidation. The main use of dehydrocholic acid is as a digestive aid in the dietary supplement industry. It is typically formulated with enzymes like papain and pancreatin. It has a stimulating effect on the secretion of bile by the liver (choleretic); improves absorption of essential food materials in states associated with deficient bile formation.

Linoleic acid is a naturally occurring omega-6 essential fatty acid, present in a variety of foods, including the oils. Linoleic acid is a precursor for arachidonic acid biosynthesis; on the first enzymatic step of the pathway involves delta-6-desaturase, which converts linoleic acid to gamma-lenolenic acid. Linoleic acid has beneficial effects on human skin and hair. Replacement of saturated fat with linoleic acid is advocated to improve serum lipoprotein profiles and reduce the risk of coronary artery disease. Linoleic acid was tested in clinical trilas as a possible remedy against multiple sclerosis.

Arsenite ion is a form of inorganic trivalent arsenic. It is derived from arsenous acid and known mainly for forming the basis of Fowler's solution (1% potassium arsenite (KAsO2). Fowler's solution has had a fascinating history in medicine during the past 200 years. The use of Fowler's solution was first described and published as a treatment for malaria and syphilis in the late 1700s. Many clinical applications for Fowler's solutions have been studied and utilized over the years, but toxicities have limited its utility. Even so, arsenic trioxide, chemically related to Fowler's solution, was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treating acute promyelocytic leukemia. The chronic arsenic exposure is a cause of immense health distress as it accounts for the increased risk of various disorders such as cardiovascular abnormalities, diabetes mellitus, neurotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity. In addition, the exposure to arsenic has been suggested to affect the liver function and to induce hepatotoxicity. Moreover, few studies demonstrated the induction of carcinogenicity especially cancer of the skin, bladder, and lungs after the chronic exposure to arsenic.

Gold trichloride is used as a catalyst in synthesis of new compounds. It was shown that gold trichloride was not the marker of contact allergy and could not be recommended in patch testing.