Sodium arsenate as-74 (As74) has been the principal positron-emitting scanning agent. As74 as a commercial preparation for parenteral adminitration was made available towards the end of 1956. From March 1957 all studies were made with sodium arsenate rather than sodium arsenite. Sodium arsenate as-74 was used in the diagnosis of suvatentorial brain tumours. Traces of the element were found in all body tissues, and assays of injected As74 recovered in brain tumours showed highest values in meningiomas, followed, in order, by gliolastomas, metastatic carcinomas and astrocytomas.

Disofenin is an iminodiacetic acid derivative with no known pharmacologic actions at the doses recommended. Technetium Tc 99m disofenin injection is a radiopharmaceutical. Technetium Tc99m disofenin is indicated as a hepatobiliary imaging agent. Technetium Tc99m disofenin is indicated in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis as well as to rule out the occurrence of acute cholecystitis in suspected patients with right upper quadrant pain, fever, jaundice, right upper quadrant tenderness and mass or rebound tenderness, but not limited to these signs and symptoms. Itching at the site of injection progressing to erythema multiforme has been reported following single administration. Also, rare cases of chills and nausea have been reported.

Pinacyanol iodide is a fluorescent cationic cyanine dye used to stain biological specimens. It is the obstetric diagnostic aid. The mechanism of tracing with pinacyanol iodide dyes is based on their lipid solubility. Pinacyanol iodide dyes are more efficacious than classical tracing methodologies especially during early stages of development and consequently have been used to reveal the spatiotemporal patterns of axonal development in different species. The unique properties of the pinacyanol iodide dye tracing method have opened up new avenues for tracing connections in human postmortem specimens. Pinacyanol iodide dye tracing is incompatible with alcohol fixation and paraffin embedding of tissue.

Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) is a chemical used in color photography processing. Dinitrochlorobenzene has been successfully used to treat warts. It requires follow-up applications that might be done either in the office by the doctor or a nurse, or at home by the patient. The therapy was working immunologically to enable the body to recognize the foreign virus. The cure is associated with normalization of the cell-mediated immune response. Some researchers and community activists proposed that when DNCB is applied to the skin once a week, it stimulates the immune system to control HIV replication and delay opportunistic infections. Some research shows that DNCB leads to increases in CD8 (T-killer or T-8) cells. Dinitrochlorobenzene is not approved by the FDA, and is considered experimental. There are possible drawbacks to this treatment. The autoeczematization is not rare. Dinitrochlorobenzene is used to induce experimental dermatitis in rats. It is a potent contact allergen.

Perflexane is a contrast agent for ultrasound Imaging. The mechanism of action of perflexane is an ultrasound contrast activity. Perflexane is a fluorinated hydrocarbon and gaseous substance used as an imaging contrast agent in the echocardiogram. After administration in microsphere form, perflexane increases ultrasound reflectivity of blood. This leads to an improvement of ultrasound signaling. Perflexane-lipid microspheres (AFO150) is a preparation of perfluorocarbon (PFC)-based micro bubbles it was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2002 for clinical use in echocardiograms to opacify the left ventricular chamber and to improve the delineation of the left ventricular endocardial border. However, AFO150 is not currently available for clinical applications.

Urea C-14 is a urea molecule radiolabelled with a radioactive carbon-14. Urea C-14 Breath Test is indicated for use in the detection of gastric urease as an aid in the diagnosis of H.pylori infection in the human stomach. The test utilizes a liquid scintillation counter for the measurement of CO in breath samples. To detect H.pylori, urea labeled with C is swallowed by the patient. If gastric urease from H.pylori is present, urea is split to form CO and NH at the interface between the gastric epithelium and lumen and CO is absorbed into the blood and exhaled in the breath. Antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, sucralfate, and bismuth preparations are known to suppress H.pylori. Ingestion of antibiotics or bismuth within 4 weeks and proton pump inhibitors or sucralfate within 2 weeks prior to performing the test may give false negative results.