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Restrict the search for
acetylcholine
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Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
PIPTAL-PHB PIPENZOLATE BROMIDE by LAKESIDE
(1961)
Source URL:
First approved in 1955
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (MIXED)
Conditions:
Pipenzolate bromide (JB-323), an anticholinergic agent, which binds to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors as an antagonist. Pipenzolate bromide was studied as an antispasmodic agent, and to treat peptic ulcer.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
KEMADRIN by MONARCH PHARMS
(1955)
Source URL:
First approved in 1955
Source:
KEMADRIN by MONARCH PHARMS
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Conditions:
Procyclidine is a muscarinic antagonist that crosses the blood-brain. Procyclidine hydrochloride (brand name Kemadrin) is a synthetic antispasmodic compound of relatively low toxicity. It has been shown to be useful for the symptomatic treatment of parkinsonism (paralysis agitans) and extrapyramidal dysfunction caused by tranquilizer therapy. Procyclidine hydrochloride was developed at The Wellcome Research Laboratories as the most promising of a series of antiparkinsonism compounds produced by chemical modification of antihistamines. Kemadrin is indicated in the treatment of parkinsonism including the postencephalitic, arteriosclerotic, and idiopathic types. Partial control of the parkinsonism symptoms is the usual therapeutic accomplishment. Procyclidine hydrochloride is usually more efficacious in the relief of rigidity than tremor; but tremor, fatigue, weakness, and sluggishness are frequently beneficially influenced. It can be substituted for all the previous medications in mild and moderate cases. For the control of more severe cases, other drugs may be added to procyclidine therapy as indications warrant. The mechanism of action is unknown. It is thought that procyclidine acts by blocking central cholinergic receptors, and thus balancing cholinergic and dopaminergic activity in the basal ganglia. Pharmacologic tests have shown that procyclidine hydrochloride has an atropine-like action and exerts an antispasmodic effect on smooth muscle. It is a potent mydriatic and inhibits salivation. It has no sympathetic ganglionblocking activity in doses as high as 4 mg/kg, as measured by the lack of inhibition of the response of the nictitating membrane to preganglionic electrical stimulation.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
PATHILON by LEDERLE
(1982)
Source URL:
First approved in 1954
Source:
PATHILON by LEDERLE
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Conditions:
Tridihexethyl is a synthetic anticholinergic agent which was marketed under the brand name Pathilon as an adjunct in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. However, it is no longer available in the US market. Tridihexethyl may block all three types of muscarinic receptors including M-1 receptors in the CNS and ganglia, M-2 receptors in the heart, and M-3 receptors. The muscarinic acetylcholine receptors mediate various cellular responses including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, the breakdown of phosphoinositides, and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Tridihexethyl inhibits vagally mediated reflexes by antagonizing the action of acetylcholine. This, in turn, reduces the secretion of gastric acids in the stomach. Tridihexethyl was also examined for effect on patients with acquired nystagmus where four out of six patients showed improvement, but due to the profile usage of Tridihexethyl to treat nystagmus was limited.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
PATHILON by LEDERLE
(1982)
Source URL:
First approved in 1954
Source:
PATHILON by LEDERLE
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Conditions:
Tridihexethyl is a synthetic anticholinergic agent which was marketed under the brand name Pathilon as an adjunct in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. However, it is no longer available in the US market. Tridihexethyl may block all three types of muscarinic receptors including M-1 receptors in the CNS and ganglia, M-2 receptors in the heart, and M-3 receptors. The muscarinic acetylcholine receptors mediate various cellular responses including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, the breakdown of phosphoinositides, and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Tridihexethyl inhibits vagally mediated reflexes by antagonizing the action of acetylcholine. This, in turn, reduces the secretion of gastric acids in the stomach. Tridihexethyl was also examined for effect on patients with acquired nystagmus where four out of six patients showed improvement, but due to the profile usage of Tridihexethyl to treat nystagmus was limited.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
ANSOLYSEN by WYETH AYERST
(1961)
Source URL:
First approved in 1954
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Conditions:
Pentolinium (brand name Ansolysen) is a ganglionic cholinergic antagonist, acting on alpha 3 beta 4 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). It was used as an antihypertensive drug during surgery or to control hypertensive crises, but Ansolysen was discontinued. Pentolinium inhibits release of adrenaline and noradrenaline from adrenergic nerves.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
CENTRINE/PHENOBARBITAL AMINOPENTAMIDE HYDROGEN SULFATE by BRISTOL LABS
(1961)
Source URL:
First approved in 1953
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (UNKNOWN)
Conditions:
Aminopentamide is a potent antispasmodic agent. As a cholinergic blocking agent for smooth muscle, its action is similar to atropine. Aminopentamide hydrogen sulfate is marketed under the brand name Centrine indicated in the treatment of acute abdominal visceral spasm, pylorospasm or hypertrophic gastritis and associated nausea, vomiting and/or diarrhea of the dogs and cats. Centrine effectively reduces the tone and amplitude of colonic contractions to a greater degree and for a more extended period than does atropine. Centrine effects a reduction in gastric secretion, a decrease in gastric acidity and a marked decrease in gastric motility. Aminopentamide is a nonselective muscarinic cholinergic .
Status:
US Previously Marketed
First approved in 1953
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Conditions:
Ethopropazine is an anticholinergic drug. Ethopropazine is an inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase and non-selective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. Ethopropazine has been used for the treatment of parkinsonism and drug-induced extrapyramidal reactions. Also It used for the symptomatic treatment of hepatolenticular degeneration and congenital athetosis.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
CENTRINE/PHENOBARBITAL AMINOPENTAMIDE HYDROGEN SULFATE by BRISTOL LABS
(1961)
Source URL:
First approved in 1953
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Conditions:
Aminopentamide is a potent antispasmodic agent. As a cholinergic blocking agent for smooth muscle, its action is similar to atropine. Aminopentamide hydrogen sulfate is marketed under the brand name Centrine indicated in the treatment of acute abdominal visceral spasm, pylorospasm or hypertrophic gastritis and associated nausea, vomiting and/or diarrhea of the dogs and cats. Centrine effectively reduces the tone and amplitude of colonic contractions to a greater degree and for a more extended period than does atropine. Centrine effects a reduction in gastric secretion, a decrease in gastric acidity and a marked decrease in gastric motility. Aminopentamide is a nonselective muscarinic cholinergic .
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
CENTRINE/PHENOBARBITAL AMINOPENTAMIDE HYDROGEN SULFATE by BRISTOL LABS
(1961)
Source URL:
First approved in 1953
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (UNKNOWN)
Conditions:
Aminopentamide is a potent antispasmodic agent. As a cholinergic blocking agent for smooth muscle, its action is similar to atropine. Aminopentamide hydrogen sulfate is marketed under the brand name Centrine indicated in the treatment of acute abdominal visceral spasm, pylorospasm or hypertrophic gastritis and associated nausea, vomiting and/or diarrhea of the dogs and cats. Centrine effectively reduces the tone and amplitude of colonic contractions to a greater degree and for a more extended period than does atropine. Centrine effects a reduction in gastric secretion, a decrease in gastric acidity and a marked decrease in gastric motility. Aminopentamide is a nonselective muscarinic cholinergic .
Status:
First approved in 1953
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Conditions:
Protoveratrine A, the principal alkaloid of Veratrum album, has been used in the treatment of hypertension but has largely been replaced by drugs with fewer adverse effects.
