SODIUM ANISATE is derived from fennel, this is the sodium salt of p-anisic acid. It is classified as antimicrobial and flavouring. It acts as an anti-fungal agent, and when paired with sodium levulinate the two ingredients make for a comprehensive preservative for cosmetics. This ingredient is approved for use in organic cosmetics. Sodium anisate (dermosoft® anisate) is an easy to use water soluble salt of an organic acid with an excellent fungicidal activity. It can be added to the cold or hot water phase at any step of the process. The combination with antimicrobial surface active substances or organic acids is recommended to improve the performance of the product even at higher pH.

Aspartame (l-aspartyl-l-phenylalanine methyl ester) known to the public as NutraSweet has been the subject of controversy since it first became an ingredient in food products. The perceived sweetness of aspartame in humans is due to its binding of the heterodimer G-protein coupled receptor formed by the proteins TAS1R2 and TAS1R3. Aspartame was used in experiments on animals to study its role in delays of osteoarthritis. It was shown, that aspartame improved bone cortical density and muscle mass, and might contribute to a better quality of life for these diseased animals. In addition, was investigated the effect in patients with sickle cell anemia. It was revealed, that oral administration of aspartame lead inhibition of sickle cells. That effect was explained by binding aspartame with two human Bence Jones proteins: Mcg and Sea. Thus was suggested, that aspartame could interfere with sickle hemoglobin fibril formation. Then several studies showed that aspartame had no effect on the polymerization of sickle hemoglobin.

Glabridin is an isoflavane found in the root extract of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra). Glabridin is considered to be a phytoestrogen and has been associated with numerous biological properties ranging from antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-atherogenic effects, to the regulation of energy metabolism, but also including anti-tumorigenic, anti-nephritic, antibacterial and skin-whitening activities. A glabridin-enriched extract is widely used in a cosmetic formulation as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and skin whitening agent. Anti-inflammatory action of glabridin is linked to downregulation of NF-κB, AP-1 and MAPKS signaling. Glabridin-induced attenuation of atherosclerosis is related to a reduction in macrophages-associated oxidation of low-density lipoprotein.

p-Chlorocresol (p-chloro-m-cresol; PCMC; brand name: Preventol CMK) possesses disinfectant and antiseptic properties. Chlorocresol is used in various preparations for skin disinfection and wounds. It also used as a preservative in creams and other preparations for external use which contain water. For use as a disinfectant such as a hand wash, it is commonly dissolved in alcohol in combination with other phenols. It is a moderate allergen for sensitive skin. Chlorocresol produces potentially life-threatening effects which include dermatitis, which are responsible for the discontinuation of chlorocresol therapy. The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by chlorocresol are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include hypersensitivity reactions, irritation of eyes.

Neotame is a derivative of a dipeptide compound of the amino acids - aspartic acid and phenylalanine. Neotame has been developed as a sweetener with a high degree of sweetness and is obtained by N-alkylating aspartame. Its degree of sweetness varies according to the kind of food and blend composition. It is 7000 to 13,000 times and about 30 to 60 times sweeter than sugar and aspartame respectively. Neotame is rapidly metabolized, completely eliminated and does not accumulate in the body. The major metabolic pathway of neotame is hydrolysis of the methyl ester by esterase which is present throughout the body. This yields de-esterified neotame, the major metabolite and a significant amount of methanol. Due to the presence of the 3-3-di-methylbutyl group, peptidases which would typically break the peptide bond between the aspartic acid and phenylalanine moieties are essentially blocked, thus reducing the availability of phenylalanine. Neotame was approved by the USFDA as a general purpose sweetener in July 2002

Erdosteine is an antioxidant compound developed by Edmond Pharma and approved in Europe for the treatment of chronic bronchitis and COPD. Erdosteine has two thiol groups and is believed to act as a free radicals scavenger (through the formation of the active metabolite I, N-thiodiglycolylhomocysteine). Also the drug effect may be due to the inhibition of the activity of elastase enzyme and its interaction with mucosa. The drug got Orphan Drug designation by FDA for the treatment of bronchiectasis.

Mizolastine (Mizollen) is a long-acting H1 -antihistamine indicated for the symptomatic relief of seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (hay fever), perennial allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and urticaria. It blocks H1 receptors and is commonly fast-acting. It does not prevent the actual release of histamine from mast cells, just prevents it binding to receptors. Side effects can include dry mouth and throat

TIANEPTINE, a tricyclic antidepressant, is a drug used for the treatment of the major depressive disorder. It was discovered by The French Society of Medical Research in the 1980s. Unlike other tricyclic antidepressants, TIANEPTINE is a selective serotonin reuptake enhancer with minimal effects on norepinephrine and dopamine uptake. Also, it is a full agonist at the mu-opioid and delta-opioid receptors with no effect at the kappa-opioid receptors. Selective mu-opioid agonists typically induce euphoria, which may contribute to TIANEPTINE's antidepressant effect. It is marketed as Coaxil/Stablon in many European countries, but it is not available in the US.

Romurtide (Muroctasin) is a non-specific immune stimulant derived from muramyl dipeptide, which is obtained from gram-positive bacterial cell walls. Muroctasin stimulates macrophages, which release interleukin-l, which in turn increases production of colony-stimulating factors; muroctasin also evokes an increased production of neutrophils. It is used in Japan for chemotherapy-induced leukopenia.

Denopamine is a selective agonist of beta-1 adrenergic receptor. The drug was approved in Japan under the name Kalgut for the treatment of chronic heart failure.