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Showing 51 - 60 of 55039 results


Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)



Opicapone (Ongentys®), a potent, oral, third-generation, long-acting, peripheral catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor, is approved as the adjunctive treatment to levodopa (L-Dopa)/dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor (DDCI) therapy in adults with Parkinson's disease (PD) and end-of-dose motor fluctuations who cannot be stabilized on those combinations. Opicapone is a hydrophilic 1,2,4-oxadiazole analog with a pyridine N-oxide at position 3, with these modifications enhancing its potency and extending its duration of action, whilst avoiding cell toxicity. In preclinical animal studies, Opicapone-induced inhibition of peripheral (but not central) COMT activity was associated with a prolonged increase in systemic and central exposure to L-Dopa, with a corresponding reduction in 3-OMD exposure. Following single or multiple doses of Opicapone (5–1200 mg) in healthy adult volunteers or patients with PD, Opicapone inhibited COMT activity in ex vivo erythrocyte assays in a reversible dose-dependent manner, with the duration of Opicapone-induced COMT inhibition independent of dose. Adjunctive Opicapone was generally well tolerated during more than a year of treatment in BIPARK I and BIPARK II (double-blind plus extension phases). The recommended dosage is 50 mg once daily, which should be taken at bedtime at least 1 h before or after L-Dopa combinations.
KX-01 is a dual inhibitor of Src kinase and tubulin polymerization. KX01 promotes the induction of p53, G2/M arrest of proliferating cell populations and subsequent apoptosis via the stimulation of Caspase-3 and PARP cleavage. The drug was developed by Kinex Pharmaceuticals and reached phase II of clinical trials for the treatment of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer and Actinic Keratosis. KX-01 demonstrated good in vitro pofile against different cancer cell lines with IC50 in nanomolar range.
Erdafitinib (JNJ-42756493) is a potent and selective orally bioavailable, pan fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. It was discovered in collaboration with Janssen Pharmaceutica, N.V. from a partnership which commenced in June 2008. Astex’s FGFr inhibitor program originated from a collaboration initiated in 2005 with the Cancer Research UK Drug Discovery Group at the Newcastle Cancer Centre (Newcastle University UK), and Cancer Research Technology Limited. JNJ42756493 is currently being evaluated by Janssen in Phase 2 clinical trials in patients with urothelial cancer, advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, advanced non-small lung cancer, esophageal cancer or cholangiocarcinoma. JNJ-42756493 is a potent, oral pan-FGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor with half-maximal inhibitory concentration values in the low nanomolar range for all members of the FGFR family (FGFR1 to FGFR4), with minimal activity on vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) kinases compared with FGFR kinases (approximately 20-fold potency difference). In vitro, the proliferation of cells treated with JNJ-42756493 is decreased, associated with increased apoptotic death and decreased cell survival. It is also in phase I trials for the treatment of advanced refractory solid tumors or advanced refractory hematologic cancer.
Fedratinib (SAR-302503, TG-101348) is a selective small-molecule inhibitor of Janus kinase-2. Fedratinib demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in a murine model of myeloproliferative disease. Sanofi was developing Fedratinib for the treatment of myeloproliferative diseases and solid tumors. The clinical development of fedratinib was terminated after reports of Wernicke's encephalopathy in myelofibrosis patients.
ODM-201 (also known as BAY-1841788) is a non-steroidal antiandrogen, specifically, a full and high-affinity antagonist of the androgen receptor (AR), that is under development by Orion and Bayer HealthCare for the treatment of advanced, castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). ODM-201 appears to negligibly cross the blood-brain-barrier. This is beneficial due to the reduced risk of seizures and other central side effects from off-target GABAA receptor inhibition that tends to occur in non-steroidal antiandrogens that are structurally similar to enzalutamide. Moreover, in accordance with its lack of central penetration, ODM-201 does not seem to increase testosterone levels in mice or humans, unlike other non-steroidal antiandrogens. Another advantage is that ODM-201 has been found to block the activity of all tested/well-known mutant ARs in prostate cancer, including the recently-identified clinically-relevant F876L mutation. ODM-201 has been studied in phase I and phase II clinical trials and has thus far been found to be effective and well-tolerated, with the most commonly reported side effects including fatigue, nausea, and diarrhea. No seizures have been observed.

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)

LEFAMULIN is a pleuromutilin antibiotic under development for the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia, as well as acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections. It inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the peptidyl transferase center of the 50S ribosome, resulting in the cessation of bacterial growth.
Entrectinib (previously known as RXDX-101, NMS-E628) is an investigational drug, potent inhibitor of ALK, ROS1, and, importantly, of TRK family kinases, which shows promise for therapy of tumors bearing oncogenic forms of these proteins. Entrectinib (RXDX-101) is a selective inhibitor for all three Trk receptor tyrosine kinases encoded by the three NTRK genes, as well as the ROS1 and ALKreceptor tyrosine kinases.This investigational drug is active at low nanomolar concentrations, allowing for once-daily oral administration to patients whose tumors have been shown to have gene rearrangements in NTRK, ROS1, or ALK. Nerviano Medical Sciences, the original sponsor for entrectinib (formerly referred to as NMS-1191372), initiated the first-in-human Phase 1 study ALKA-372-001 in Italy in October 2012. The study is currently ongoing in Italy. Entrectinib is currently being tested in a global phase 2 basket clinical trial called STARTRK-2. In the U.S., entrectinib has orphan drug designation and rare pediatric disease designation for the treatment of neuroblastoma and orphan drug designation for treatment of TrkA-, TrkB-, TrkC-, ROS1- and ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)

Trifarotene is a novel first-in-class fourth-generation topical retinoid. It is a potent and selective RAR gamma-agonist. In multiple mouse models, trifarotene exhibited superior comedolytic, anti-inflammatory and depigmenting activity compared with other topical retinoids. In this 52-week study, trifarotene was safe, well-tolerated and effective in moderate facial and truncal acne. Trifarotene is in phase II clinical trial for the treatment of ichthyosis.
Siponimod (BAF312) is a dual agonist at the sphingosine-1 phosphate receptors, S1PR1 and S1PR5. The S1P receptor is commonly found on the surface of specific cells residing in the central nervous system (CNS), that are responsible for causing CNS damage that drives loss of function in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). Siponimod (BAF312) enters the brain and by binding to these specific receptors, may prevent the activation of these harmful cells, helping to reduce the loss of physical and cognitive function associated with SPMS.

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)

Cenobamate (also known as YKP3089) is a small molecule sodium channel blocker in development for the treatment of partial-onset seizures in adult patients. In mice and rats, Cenobamate displayed an anticonvulsant activity in the maximal electroshock test and prevented seizures induced by chemical convulsants such as pentylenetetrazol and picrotoxin. In addition, Cenobamate was reported to be effective in two models of focal seizure, the hippocampal kindled rat and the mouse 6 Hz psychomotor seizure models. Two completed adequate and well-controlled clinical studies demonstrated a significant reduction in focal seizures with Cenobamate in patients with epilepsy, and a long-term open-label phase 3 safety clinical trial is currently ongoing. Cenobamate is considered a new generation antiepileptic therapy and clinical trials have shown that it may be more effective and safer than existing drugs. If licensed, Cenobamate will offer a new adjunctive treatment option for patients with partial focal epilepsy.