Iopanoic acid and ipodate salts have been used for oral cholangiography to visualize the biliary ducts. Ipodate salts have been used for the long-term treatment of Graves' disease and in hyperthyroidism. Ipodate reduced levels of T3 and T4 in the patients. Ipodate also inhibits the conversion of T4 to T3. It is not considered a first-line approach. Ipodate sodium lacks FDA approval for these uses. During investigation of mechanism of action was discovered, that binding of sodium ipodate with nuclear T3 receptors was not a prominent mechanism via which the drug attenuates T3 effects in vivo. Sodium ipodate could enhance T3 effects at the cellular level and that enhancement could not be reflected by routinely monitored serum TSH.

Iopanoic acid is a representative iodinated ionic monomeric contrast medium.

Iodopyracet (Diodone) is a radiocontrast agent used in urography before 1950. Renal clearance of iodopyracet is characterized by supply-limited elimination at low plasma concentrations and capacity-limited elimination at high plasma levels. Iodopyracet to be an effective agent for the estimation of renal plasma flow and tubular function has been used extensively in physiological studies. In 1945 was found, that p-aminohippuric acid was in some ways superior to diodone for these estimations in man because the urine and plasma blanks are small and because diodone penetrates human red blood cells whereas p-aminohippuric acid does not.