Ethenzamide is an anti-inflammatory agent that was used for the treatment of common cold in Japan (in combinations with other NSAIDs).

Propyphenazone is a pyrazolone derivative with anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity. The coupling of propyphenazone with other widely used acidic NSAIDs such as ketoprofen, ibuprofen, and diclofenac produced mutual prodrugs with synergistic analgesic effects. It was introduced for the treatment of different types of pain and fever and rheumatic disorders. Propyphenazone structurally relates to aminophenazone it has been associated with severe blood dyscrasias.

Iprazochrome is a serotonin antagonist both in vitro and in vivo. It is used in the prophylaxis of migraine and in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.

Floctafenine is an analgesic agent used for the treatment of pain. The drug exerts its anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting COX-1 and COX-2, with a slight preference towards COX-1. Floctafenine is marketed in Canada under the name Floctafenine and it is withdrawn in Europe (Idarac Brand name).

Meptazinol is a unique opioid analgesic. Binding studies suggest a relative selectivity for mu-1 opioid receptor sites. Meptid is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including post-operative pain, obstetric pain and the pain of renal colic. The most commonly reported adverse reactions after treatment with meptazinol are nausea, vomiting, dizziness, diarrhoea and increased sweating, constipation, abdominal pain, rash, vertigo, headache, drowsiness, somnolence and dyspepsia.

Nefopam (nefopam hydrochloride) is a potent, rapidly-acting non-narcotic analgesic. It is totally distinct from other centrally-acting analgesics such as morphine, codeine, pentazocine and propoxyphene. Unlike the narcotic agents, nefopam (nefopam hydrochloride) has been shown not to cause respiratory depression. It is indicated for the relief of acute and chronic pain, including post-operative pain, dental pain, musculo-skeletal pain, acute traumatic pain and cancer pain. Its mechanism of action is unclear.

Viminol is an opioid analgesic developed by the company Zambon. It is marketed under tradename Dividol for the treatment of pain due to various causes, including the treatment of pain due to osteoarthritis, neuritic pain, vascular pain, visceral pain, neoplastic pain, and pain due to other sources. In vivo studies demonstrated that the analgesic effects of viminol depend on the stereo configuration: the R,R-enantiomer exhibit agonistic activity, while the S,S-enantiomer produce the opposite effect.

Oxetorone is an antimigraine drug used for the disease-modifying treatment of migraines and marketed in several European countries. It works by non-selective inhibition of serotonin receptors and antihistamine agent. The therapeutic effects of oxetorone are primarily linked to antiserotonergic and also antihistamine and anti-adrenergic properties. Antidopaminergic properties are also suspected because hyperprolactinemia and extrapyramidal reactions have been observed. Adverse effects are: hypertonia, drowsiness at the start of treatment, diarrhoea and lymphocytic colitis. Acute intoxications by oxetorone, although uncommon, are potentially severe poisonings.

Fonzine (also known as dimetotiazine) is an analgesics and anti-inflammatory agent marketed in Japan and Europe under the name Migristene and indicated for the treatment of migraine and headaches secondary to other disease. Fonzine exerts its activity by inhibiting serotonin and histamine H1 receptors.

Pizotifen (INN) or pizotyline (USAN), trade name Sandomigran, is a benzocycloheptene-based drug used as a medicine, primarily as a preventative to reduce the frequency of recurrent migraine headaches. Pizotifen is a serotonin antagonist acting mainly at the 5-HT2A and 5HT2C receptors. It also has some activity as an antihistamine as well as some anticholinergic activity. The main medical use for pizotifen is for the prevention of vascular headache including migraine and cluster headache. Pizotifen is one of a range of medications used for this purpose, other options include propranolol, topiramate, valproic acid and amitriptyline. While pizotifen is reasonably effective, its use is limited by side effects, principally drowsiness and weight gain, and it is usually not the first choice medicine for preventing migraines, instead being used as an alternative when other drugs have failed to be effective. It is not effective in relieving migraine attacks once in progress. Pizotifen has also been reported as highly effective in a severe case of erythromelalgia, a rare neurovascular disease that is sometimes refractory to the other drugs named above. Side effects include sedation, dry mouth, drowsiness, increased appetite and weight gain. Occasionally it may cause nausea, headaches, or dizziness. In rare cases, anxiety, aggression and depression may also occur. Pizotifen is well absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract, peak plasma concentrations occurring approximately 5 hours after oral administration. The absorption of pizotifen is fast (absorption half life 0.5 to 0.8 hours) and nearly complete (80%). Over 90% is bound to plasma proteins. Pizotifen undergoes extensive metabolism. Over half of a dose is excreted in the urine, chiefly as metabolites; a significant proportion is excreted in the faeces. The primary metabolite of pizotifen (N-glucuronide conjugate) has a long elimination half-life of about 23 hours.