Ethonam is an antifungal compound. Its activity was evaluated in the treatment of chronic athlete's foot.

Talviraline (HBY 097) was developed as a nonnucleoside inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (NNRTI) for the treatment of HIV Infections. Talviraline participated in a phase II clinical trial. It was found that the drug caused pronounced acute suppression of HIV-1 replication both in combination with zidovudine and alone. However, further development of the drug has been discontinued.

Mozenavir is a non-peptidomimetic, water soluble, cyclic urea that is a selective inhibitor of HIV-1 protease. Mozenavir is active against the virus with the signature D30N nelfinavir resistance-associated mutation and the L90M mutants with decreased susceptibility to a number of other protease inhibitors. In a dose-ranging study assessing Mozenavir, in doses of 750 mg 3 times a day, 1250 mg twice daily, or 1250 mg 3 times a day, compared with standard doses of indinavir, both in combination with lamivudine and stavudine, plasma HIV-1 RNA levels were reduced to below 50 copies/mL in 75% to 80% of patients receiving Mozenavir-based treatment and in 70% of those receiving indinavir-based treatment. Mozenavir-based regimens were generally well tolerated. However, the virus was able to mount considerable resistance against this compound, which was not further developed, also because of poor oral bioavailability in humans and highly variable blood levels.

Sulfachrysoidine is a sulfamylchrysoidine derivative and lipid-soluble azo dye with antibacterial activity.

Citenazone (Hoe 105) is an antiviral compound, developed in the 1970s by Hoechst. It is claimed to have activity for vaccinia infection in mice, baby rats, and rabbits, and for variola infection in baby mice.

Sinefungin, a natural nucleoside isolated from cultures of Streptomyces incarnatus and S. griseolus, is structurally related to S-adenosylhomocysteine and S-adenosylmethionine. Sinefungin is a DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor (IC₅₀ = 0.1 - 20 uM). Sinefungin has been shown to inhibit the development of various fungi and viruses, but its major attraction to date resides in its potent antiparasitic activity. This compound has been reported to display antiparasitic activity against malarial, trypanosomal, and leishmanial species. Sinefungin inhibits pneumococcal biofilm growth in vitro and colonization in vivo, decreases AI-2 production, and downregulates luxS, pfs, and speE gene expressions. Sinefungin was significantly suppressive against both L. donovani and L. braziliensis panamensis infections in hamsters when compared with meglumine antimonate. An immunosuppressed rat model was used to investigate the anti-Cryptosporidium parvum activity of sinefungin. In infected animals, oral sinefungin therapy resulted in a dose-related suppression of oocyst shedding, which correlated with oocyst disappearance from ileal sections. When administered prior to or on the day of oocyst challenge, sinefungin successfully prevented infection. These data suggest that sinefungin could be considered as a candidate molecule in the treatment of human cryptosporidiosis, considered to be the most significant enteric opportunistic infection in AIDS.

Satranidazole is a drug that helps to combat a large number of varied health disorders effectively. This drug participated in clinical trials in patients of amebic liver abscess, where it showed a far lower incidence of side effects and had a significantly better tolerance than metronidazole. Besides, satranidazole has been studied an adjunct to scaling and root planning in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. satranidazole has a low polar surface area, high dose, and dosing frequency. Nanosizing with appropriate stabilizers and programmed processing conditions successfully produced SAT-NC with improved pharmaceutic and pharmacokinetic characteristics.

Ciluprevir (BILN-2061) is a selective inhibitor of the HCV NS3 serine protease, which was developed by Boehringer Ingelheim for the treatment of hepatitis C infection. The drug was discontinued in phase II due to adverse events such as cardiac toxicity (demonstrated in animals). In the cell-based replicon assay, ciluprevir inhibited HCV RNA replication at low nanomolar levels. It had inhibitory rate constant (Ki) values of 0.3 and 0.66 nM for the NS3 proteases of HCV genotypes 1a and -1b, respectively.

Taribavirin, an oral prodrug of ribavirin that was developed as nucleoside antimetabolite, which interferes with duplication of viral genetic material. Taribavirin was studied in phase III clinical trial for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C patients. However, this drug not yet approved for pharmaceutical use.

Vicriviroc or SCH 417690 is a potent and selective antagonist of the CCR5 receptor. vicriviroc binds specifically to the CCR5 receptor and prevents infection of target cells by CCR5-tropic HIV-1 isolates. In antiviral assays, vicriviroc showed potent, broad-spectrum activity against genetically diverse and drug-resistant HIV-1 isolates and was consistently more active than SCH-C in inhibiting viral replication. This compound demonstrated synergistic anti-HIV activity in combination with drugs from all other classes of approved antiretrovirals. Competition binding assays revealed that vicriviroc binds with higher affinity to CCR5 than SCH-C. Functional assays, including inhibition of calcium flux, guanosine 5'-[35S]triphosphate exchange, and chemotaxis, confirmed that vicriviroc acts as a receptor antagonist by inhibiting signaling of CCR5 by chemokines. Finally, vicriviroc demonstrated diminished affinity for the human ether a-go-go related gene transcript ion channel compared to SCH-C, suggesting a reduced potential for cardiac effects. Vicriviroc represented a promising new candidate for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. Vicriviroc for HIV treatment was previously in Phase III studies but has since been discontinued.