Tocophersolan (Vedrop, tocofersolan) or d-alpha-Tocopheryl Polyethylene Glycol 1000 Succinate (TPGS) is a watersoluble derivative of the natural active (d-alpha) isomer of vitamin E. The active constituent of the medicinal product is essentially vitamin E (alpha tocopherol). Chronic congenital or hereditary cholestasis is a clinical condition where vitamin E deficiency results from an impaired bile secretion. Decreased intestinal absorption observed in chronic congenital or hereditary cholestatic patients is due to decreased bile secretion and the resulting decrease in intestinal cellular absorption. As a result, fatsoluble vitamins (i.e. vit. E) are not absorbed properly and deficiency can occur. Tocophersolan (Vedrop) is used to treat or prevent vitamin E deficiency (low vitamin E levels). It is used in children up to the age of 18 years who have congenital or hereditary chronic cholestasis and who cannot absorb vitamin E from the gut. Tocophersolan (Tocofersolan) can be absorbed from the gut in children who have difficulty absorbing fats and vitamin E from the diet. This can increase vitamin E levels in the blood and help to prevent neurological deterioration (problems in the nervous system) due to vitamin E deficiency. No treatment-related findings were reported, as all clinical observations and findings at autopsy were similar in treatment and control groups. In many of the studies, the LD50 was not determined as tocofersolan was well tolerated.

Isoflupredone is a veterinary drug used in cows, pigs and horses for the treatment of wide range of conditions: ketosis, musculoskeletal disorders, hypersensitivity, infections, inflammatory diseases, etc. The drug belongs to the class of corticosteroids and exerts its therapeutic effect by binding to glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors of animals.

Barium hydroxide, Ba(OH)2, is also known as baryta. Barium hydroxide crystallizes as the octahydrate, which can be converted to the monohydrate by heating in air. The anhydrous hydroxide has only a secondary industrial importance; the monohydrate and octahydrate are used in industry on a far larger scale. Barium hydroxide, especially the monohydrate, is used to produce organic barium compounds such as additives for oil and stabilizers for plastics. In addition, barium hydroxide is used for dehydration and deacidification, especially for removing sulfuric acid from fats, oils, waxes, and glycerol.

Barium hydroxide, Ba(OH)2, is also known as baryta. Barium hydroxide crystallizes as the octahydrate, which can be converted to the monohydrate by heating in air. The anhydrous hydroxide has only a secondary industrial importance; the monohydrate and octahydrate are used in industry on a far larger scale. Barium hydroxide, especially the monohydrate, is used to produce organic barium compounds such as additives for oil and stabilizers for plastics. In addition, barium hydroxide is used for dehydration and deacidification, especially for removing sulfuric acid from fats, oils, waxes, and glycerol.

THALLOUS OXIDE (Thallium (1) Oxide) has been used in the manufacturing of glass of a high coefficient of refraction for optical purposes (thallium flint glass) and for artificial gems. Thallium oxide is black in color and is the inorganic compound of Thallium and Oxygen. THALLOUS OXIDE compounds are typically insoluble in aqueous solutions (water) and extremely stable making them useful in ceramic structures as simple as producing clay bowls to advanced electronics (e.g. tablets) and in light weight structural components in aerospace and electrochemical applications such as fuel cells. THALLOUS OXIDE is toxic by ingestion. It has previously been used as rat poison and ant killer, but its use is prohibited since 1972.

Giractide is a polypeptide hormone corresponding to the first eighteen amino acid residues of corticotropin in which the 1-serine is replaced by glycine. Giractide acts through the stimulation of cell surface the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) receptors, which are primarily located on the adrenocortical cells. Giractide stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland and boosts the synthesis of corticosteroids, mainly glucocorticoids but also sex steroids (androgens). Giractide has been studied in animal models to stimulate glucocorticoid production.

Anecortave is a novel angiogenesis inhibitor used in the treatment of the exudative (wet) form of age-related macular degeneration. It will be marketed by Alcon as anecortave acetate (AA) for depot suspension under the trade name Retaane. In 2007 they received their letter of approval for Retaane’s indication to treat wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but final approval would require the completion of an additional clinical study. As a result, the Anecortave Acetate Risk-Reduction Trial (AART) was continued to be supported by Alcon. This study looked at the efficacy of Retaane to reduce the progression of the dry from of AMD to the wet-form. In 2008, Alcon Inc. announced they were terminating the development of anecortave acetate for the prevention of developing sight-threatening choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration. In 2009, Alcon Inc. announced they would terminate the development of the drug for the reducing intraocular pressure associated with glaucoma. Currently, anecortave acetate is not on the market or being made for therapeutic use by Alcon Inc.[7] This could be due to the lack of efficacy of clinical trials with anecortave acetate or because of newer more efficacious products that are currently on the market. Anecortave acetate functions as an antiangiogenic agent, inhibiting blood vessel growth by decreasing extracellular protease expression and inhibiting endothelial cell migration. Its angiostatic activity does not seem to be mediated through any of the commonly known pharmacological receptors. RETAANE blocks signals from multiple growth factors because it acts downstream and independent of the initiating angiogenic stimuli and inhibits angiogenesis subsequent to the angiogenic stimulation. Recently was discovered, that phosphodiesterase 6-delta (PDE6D) was a molecular binding partner of AA and this provided insight into the role of this drug candidate in treating glaucoma.

Quingestanol is a metabolite of the quingestanol acetate, oral contraceptive, which was studied for therapy of menopausal diabetic women. Quingestanol is also a prodrug of norethisterone, which is used in birth control.

Halopredone (THS-201; (17,21-bis(acetyloxy)-2-bromo-6beta,9-difluoro-11beta-hydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione; halopredone acetate; Topicon) is a highly topical corticosteroid. When it is used for intraarticular injections, the effects last longer than any other steroids which have been used, and it has less general effects. Halopredone acetate is used for arthritis and osteoarthritis (OA) patients. For RA patients, mean dose for a wrist is 12.5 mg and that for a knee is 25 mg. About 90% cases showed effectiveness and in about 45% cases the duration of effect is longer than 4 weeks. More than half cases of OA showed also improvements. It also possesses positive anti-inflammatory properties in dermatologic patients.

Roxatidine is an histamine H2-receptor antagonist. Roxatidine is a potent and selective inhibitor of basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion through competitive blockade of H2-receptors. Total pepsin secretion is reduced in a dose-dependent manner. There is an independent mucosal protection action. Roxatidine is indicated for the treatment of peptic ulcer, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, gastritis, upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome also it can be used as a premedication before anaesthesia. Roxatidine possessed a robust estrogenic activity.