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Restrict the search for
ascorbic acid
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Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
S 3344 by Servier
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (UNKNOWN)
Zafuleptine is an antidepressant drug developed in the 1970s by Science Union & Cie. The compound was reported to have anti-aggressive activity without having other effects on the central nervous system. The mode of action of the compound is similar to that found with the Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Centralgol by Valpan [France]
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (UNKNOWN)
Proxibarbal is a non-sedative barbiturate with a specific anti-serotonin and anti-histamine effect, due to enzyme induction of serotoninase and histaminase. Its lack of unpleasant side-effects. Proxibarbal exists in ring-chain tautomeric equilibrium with the two diastereomers of valofan. Proxibarbal is metabolized to a five-membered lactone. Its only barbituric property is its ability to induce enzymes that destroy a surplus of neurohormones and rid people of their neurovegetative sufferings, including migraine and other types of vascular headache. Side effects are: dizziness, drowsiness, dyspepsia, allergic reactions. Proxibarbal enhances the effects of other depriving agents, including alcohol.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
NCT01661296: Phase 4 Interventional Completed Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
(2009)
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Stibogluconic acid (Sodium stibogluconate) is the pentavalent antimonial compound used to treat leishmaniasis and is only available for administration by injection. Sodium stibogluconate is sold in the UK as Pentostam (manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline). Sodium stibogluconate was granted orphan drug designation for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis by the US FDA in January 2007. It is available in the United States only through the Centers for Disease Control. Sodium stibogluconate is indicated for the treatment of various types of a protozoal infection called leishmaniasis, which may result from sandfly bites in tropical and temperate parts of the world. It is also investigated for use/treatment in cancer. The mode of action of sodium stibogluconate is not clearly understood. In vitro exposure of amastigotes to 500 mg pentavalent antimony/ml results in a greater than 50% decrease in parasite DNA, RNA protein and purine nucleoside triphosphate levels. It has been postulated that the reduction in ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and GTP (guanosine triphosphate) synthesis contributes to decreased macromolecular synthesis. Sodium stibogluconate was shown to specifically inhibit type I DNA topoisomerase from Leishmania donovani through the inhibition of the unwinding and cleavage of the supercoiled plasmid pBR322, and to stabilize topoisomerase and DNA covalent complexes but not calf-thymus topoisomerase I and Escherichia coli DNA gyrase. Sodium stibogluconate is also a potent inhibitor of PTPases Src homology PTPase1 (SHP-1), SHP-2, and PTP1B but not the dual-specificity phosphatase mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1. Sodium stibogluconate combined with IFN-alpha-2b (IFN-α) inhibited solid tumor cell line growth in vitro, in vivo it was well tolerated and augmented cellular immune parameters.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Conditions:
Magnesium glutamate hydrobromide (Psychoverlan) is a known sedative and muscle relaxant. In a long-term study 19 young females were treated with Psychoverlan capsules or syrup for an average of 11.4 months. Intolerance phenomena and side-effects were not seen. It was even decided to increase the standard dose. None of the patients developed brominism or bromine intoxication. The general state of health of 13 of the 19 subjects was improved by the harmonizing effect of the drug on psychic and vegetative functions. Tiredness and somnolence were not observed.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Potassium Trihydrogen Dioxalate is a Potassium salt used in photography, marble grinding, and in metal polishing. Potassium Trihydrogen Dioxalate is strongly irritating to eyes, mucous and gastrointestinal tract. Potassium Trihydrogen Dioxalate may cause cardiac failure and death after oral administration
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Indium In 111 Chloride
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Indium is a rare, soft silvery-white metal. It is used in some manufacturing process, butt here is no known biological role for indium in the human body.
Although there are claims that indium increases hormone production, stimulates immune system function, and increases energy, there is no reliable scientific evidence to support such claims.
In vitro, indium-III salts appears to have cytotoxic activity against melanoma. Indium cation (Indium-III), when complexed with 8-hydroxyquinoline (oxine), has been employed as a radioactive platelet label for thrombus imaging in animals and man. The short half-life (2.8 d) and high yield of gamma photons of 111In make it ideal for in vitro counting and external imaging. Indium In 111 ProstaScint (Capromab Pendetide) is indicated as a diagnostic imaging agent in newly-diagnosed patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer, thought to be clinically-localized after standard diagnostic evaluation (eg chest x-ray, bone scan, CT scan, or MRI), who are at high-risk for pelvic lymph node metastases. It is not indicated for patients who are not at high risk. Indium In 111 ProstaScint is also indicated as a diagnostic imaging agent in post-prostatectomy patients with a rising PSA and a negative or equivocal standard metastatic evaluation in whom there is a high clinical suspicion of occult metastatic disease.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (EPIMERIC)
Conditions:
The phthalidyl thiazolidine carboxylic ester of ampicillin, talampicillin (Talpen, Beecham), has been introduced recently to improve absorption and to reduce these side effects. After oral administration talampicillin is rapidly absorbed and hydrolysed by tissue esterases in the intestinal wall to release into the circulation ampicillin and the ester moiety, mainly 2-hydroxymethyl-benzoic acid. No unchanged talampicillin is detectable in the peripheral blood. It is not approved by the FDA for use in the United States
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Tensibar by Lefranco [France]
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Bietaserpine is a derivative of a Rauwolfia alkaloid reserpine. It was used as an antihypertensive agent and marketed in the 1960s in France and Italy. Bietaserpine is believed to act by inhibiting VMAT receptors.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Glafenine is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Glafenine was withdrawn due to the risk of anaphylaxis and acute kidney failure.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Oxaflumine by Diamant [France]
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Oxaflumazine acid disuccinate, a neuroleptic drug, was studied in the treatment of psychotic children in a pedopsychiatric environment.
