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Restrict the search for
lactic acid
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Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
INGENOL MEBUTATE by PADAGIS ISRAEL
(2019)
Source URL:
First approved in 2012
Source:
PICATO by LEO LABS
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Conditions:
Ingenol is an extremely weak PKC (protein kinase C) activator, with potent anticancer activity. Ingenol derivatives have received constant and multidisciplinary attention on account of their pleiotropic pattern of biological activity. This includes activation of PKC (protein kinase C), tumor-promotion, anticancer, and anti-HIV properties, and the possibility of dissecting co-cancerogenic and clinically useful activities has been demonstrated. Certain ingenol esters show powerful anticancer activity, and a structure-activity relationship model to discriminate between their apoptotic and non-apoptotic properties has been developed.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
POTIGA by GLAXOSMITHKLINE
(2011)
Source URL:
First approved in 2011
Source:
POTIGA by GLAXOSMITHKLINE
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Ezogabine (U.S. adopted name) or retigabine (international nonproprietary name) is one of a family of aminopyrroles with anticonvulsant activity. It is used as an adjunctive treatment for partial epilepsies in treatment-experienced adult patients. The drug was approved by the European Medicines Agency under the trade name Trobalt and by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), under the trade name Potiga. The mechanism by which ezogabine exerts its therapeutic effects has not been fully elucidated. In vitro studies indicate that ezogabine enhances transmembrane potassium currents mediated by the KCNQ (Kv7.2 to 7.5) family of ion channels. By activating KCNQ channels, ezogabine is thought to stabilize the resting membrane potential and reduce brain excitability. This mechanism of action is unique among antiepileptic drugs, and may hold promise for the treatment of other neurologic conditions, including migraine, tinnitus and neuropathic pain. In vitro studies suggest that ezogabine may also exert therapeutic effects through augmentation of GABA-mediated currents.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
POTIGA by GLAXOSMITHKLINE
(2011)
Source URL:
First approved in 2011
Source:
POTIGA by GLAXOSMITHKLINE
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Ezogabine (U.S. adopted name) or retigabine (international nonproprietary name) is one of a family of aminopyrroles with anticonvulsant activity. It is used as an adjunctive treatment for partial epilepsies in treatment-experienced adult patients. The drug was approved by the European Medicines Agency under the trade name Trobalt and by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), under the trade name Potiga. The mechanism by which ezogabine exerts its therapeutic effects has not been fully elucidated. In vitro studies indicate that ezogabine enhances transmembrane potassium currents mediated by the KCNQ (Kv7.2 to 7.5) family of ion channels. By activating KCNQ channels, ezogabine is thought to stabilize the resting membrane potential and reduce brain excitability. This mechanism of action is unique among antiepileptic drugs, and may hold promise for the treatment of other neurologic conditions, including migraine, tinnitus and neuropathic pain. In vitro studies suggest that ezogabine may also exert therapeutic effects through augmentation of GABA-mediated currents.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
ARCAPTA NEOHALER by NOVARTIS
(2011)
Source URL:
First approved in 2011
Source:
ARCAPTA NEOHALER by NOVARTIS
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Conditions:
Indacaterol is an ultra-long-acting beta-adrenoceptor agonist developed by Novartis. It was approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) under the trade name Onbrez Breezhaler on November 30, 2009, and by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), under the trade name Arcapta Neohaler, on July 1, 2011. It needs to be taken only once a day, unlike the related drugs formoterol and salmeterol. It is licensed only for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (long-term data in patients with asthma are thus far lacking). It is delivered as an aerosol formulation through a dry powder inhaler.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
trichloroacetic acid
(2022)
Source URL:
First approved in 2010
Source:
TRI-CHLOR by Gordon Laboratories
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Trichloroacetic acid (TCA; TCAA) is a chemical used in skin peel formulations. It is more frequently used for lighter skin and is less used on darker skin because of the higher risks of scarring, as well as post-peel dyschromias. Low concentrations, 10-35% is preferred for skin peel formulations so that it only reaches the upper papillary dermis. Topical TCA is an efficacious treatment of internal anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). Advantages of TCA for this recurrent disease process include low cost, no requirement for special equipment beyond that for high-resolution anoscopy, and painless application procedure.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
trichloroacetic acid
(2022)
Source URL:
First approved in 2010
Source:
TRI-CHLOR by Gordon Laboratories
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Trichloroacetic acid (TCA; TCAA) is a chemical used in skin peel formulations. It is more frequently used for lighter skin and is less used on darker skin because of the higher risks of scarring, as well as post-peel dyschromias. Low concentrations, 10-35% is preferred for skin peel formulations so that it only reaches the upper papillary dermis. Topical TCA is an efficacious treatment of internal anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). Advantages of TCA for this recurrent disease process include low cost, no requirement for special equipment beyond that for high-resolution anoscopy, and painless application procedure.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
DORIBAX by SHIONOGI INC
(2007)
Source URL:
First approved in 2007
Source:
DORIBAX by SHIONOGI INC
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Conditions:
Doripenem is a synthetic carbapenem that has broad antibacterial potency against aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Doripenem is structurally related to beta-lactam antibiotics and shares the bactericidal mode of action of other β-lactam antibiotics by targeting penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) to inhibit the biosynthesis of the bacterial cell wall. Doripenem is resistant to hydrolysis by most β-lactamases and is resistant to inactivation by renal dehydropeptidases. Doripenem has many similarities to the other carbapenems, as well as some important differences, such as greater potency against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It was found to be similar to comparator agents. The most common adverse effects related to doripenem therapy were headache, nausea, diarrhea, rash, and phlebitis.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
METVIXIA by GALDERMA LABS LP
(2004)
Source URL:
First approved in 2004
Source:
METVIXIA by GALDERMA LABS LP
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Methyl aminolevulinate is a prodrug that is metabolised to Protoporphyrin IX (a photosensitizer) used in photodynamic therapy. Photosensitization following application of methyl aminolevulinate cream occurs through the metabolic conversion of methyl aminolevulinate (prodrug) to photoactive porphyrins (PAP), which accumulates in the skin lesions to which the cream has been applied. When exposed to light of appropriate wavelength and energy, the accumulated photoactive porphyrins produce a photodynamic reaction, resulting in a cytotoxic process dependent upon the simultaneous presence of oxygen. The absorption of light results in an excited state of porphyrin molecules, and subsequent spin transfer from photoactive porphyrins to molecular oxygen generates singlet oxygen, which can further react to form superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. Methyl aminolevulinate is used for topical use, in combination with 570 to 670 nm wavelength red light illumination, in the treatment of non-hyperkeratotic actinic keratoses of the face and scalp in immunocompetent patients when used in conjunction with lesion preparation (debridement using a sharp dermal curette).
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
FACTIVE by LG CHEM LTD
(2003)
Source URL:
First approved in 2003
Source:
FACTIVE by LG CHEM LTD
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Gemifloxacin is an oral broad-spectrum quinolone antibacterial agent used in the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and mild-to-moderate pneumonia. Gemifloxacin mesylate is marketed under the brand name Factive, indicated for the treatment of bacterial infection caused by susceptible strains such as S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, H. parainfluenzae, or M. catarrhalis, S. pneumoniae (including multi-drug resistant strains [MDRSP]), M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, or K. pneumoniae. Gemifloxacin has in vitro activity against a wide range of Gram-negative and Grampositive
microorganisms. Gemifloxacin is bactericidal with minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) generally within one dilution of the minimum inhibitory
concentrations (MICs). Gemifloxacin acts by inhibiting DNA synthesis through the
inhibition of both DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV (TOPO IV), which are essential for
bacterial growth. Streptococcus pneumoniae showing mutations in both DNA gyrase and
TOPO IV (double mutants) are resistant to most fluoroquinolones. Gemifloxacin has the
ability to inhibit both enzyme systems at therapeutically relevant drug levels in S.
pneumoniae (dual targeting), and has MIC values that are still in the susceptible range for
some of these double mutants.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
ZELNORM by ALFASIGMA
(2002)
Source URL:
First approved in 2002
Source:
ZELNORM by ALFASIGMA
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Tegaserod (3‐(5‐methoxy‐1H‐indol‐3ylmethylene)‐N‐pentyl‐carbazimidamide), an aminoguanidine indole derivative of serotonin, is a selective partial agonist highly selective for 5‐HT4 receptor with an affinity constant in the nanomolar range. Tegaserod, by acting as an agonist at neuronal 5-HT4 receptors, triggers the release of further neurotransmitters such as calcitonin gene-related peptide from sensory neurons. The activation of 5-HT4 receptors in the gastrointestinal tract stimulates the peristaltic reflex and intestinal secretion, as well as inhibits visceral sensitivity. In vivo studies showed that tegaserod enhanced basal motor activity and normalized impaired motility throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Zelnorm® (tegaserod maleate) is indicated for the short-term treatment of women with irritable bowel
syndrome (IBS) whose primary bowel symptom is constipation. In addition Zelnorm® is indicated for the treatment of patients less than 65 years of age with
chronic idiopathic constipation.
