Phenazopyridine hydrochloride, an azo dye first synthesized in 1914, became widely prescribed for the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs). With the assumption that the drug possessed antiseptic properties, phenazopyridine was recommended for UTIs caused by Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Escherichia coli. Although in the early 1930s the medical and scientific communities rescinded the claim that phenazopyridine is bactericidal, a specific mechanism of action has not been identified subsequently. Currently, phenazopyridine is classified as a urinary analgesic that relieves burning, urgency, frequency, and pain associated with UTI, trauma, or surgery.

Phenyl salicylate belongs to the family of hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives. Phenyl salicylate is used as a food additive. Antimycobacterial activity of phenyl salicylates (salols) was studied in connection with antituberculotic activity of salicylic derivatives. Phenyl salicylates are esters. Phenyl salicylates (salols) represent a new group of antimycobacterial compounds. Phenyl salicylate is included in the number of medications, indicated for the treatment of symptoms of irritative voiding, used to relieve the discomfort, pain, frequent urge to urinate, and cramps/spasms of the urinary tract caused by an infection or a medical procedure. Phenyl salicylate works as a pain reliever in these combinations.

The most well known component of willow bark extract is salicin, it is a prodrug, which is gradually transported to the lower part of the intestine, hydrolyzed to saligenin by intestinal bacteria, and converted to salicylic acid after absorption. Salicin possesses an analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. Salicin suppressed the activation of MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways and thus maybe might be a potential therapeutic agent against inflammatory diseases.

Ethyl chloride is a colourless flammable gas at ordinary temperature and pressure. It has a characteristic ether-like odour and a burning taste. Ethyl chloride is used as a chemical intermediate, in solvents, aerosols, and anaesthesia. Currently, chloroethane is largely used as a blowing agent in foamed plastics. In the past, chloroethane was used in the production of tetraethyl lead, an anti-knock additive to leaded gasoline. Chloroethane has also been used in the production of ethyl cellulose and for miscellaneous applications including use as a solvent, for phosphorus, sulfur, fats, oils, resins and waxes; in insecticides; and as an ethylating agent in the manufacture of dyes and drugs, refrigerant, and topical anaesthetic and use in the manufacture of dyes, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. Other uses of chloroethane are as a pulp vitality tester in dentistry, as a medication to alleviate pain associated with insect burns and stings, as an adjunct in the treatment of tinea lesions and creeping eruptions, and as a counterirritant for relief of myofacial and visceral pain syndromes. Chloroethane is also used as a solvent, as a refrigerant, and in the production of ethyl cellulose, dyes, medicinal drugs, and other commercial chemicals. It is also used to numb skin prior to medical procedures such as ear piercing and skin biopsy, and in sports injuries.

Potassium salicylate is the potassium salt of salicylic acid. Potassium Salicylate is a cosmetic biocide and preservative, not currently in use. Potassium salicylate was used for the treatment of melasma. Potassium salicylate is considered safe as used when formulated to avoid irritation and when formulated to avoid increasing sun sensitivity, or, when increased sun sensitivity would be expected, directions for use include the daily use of sun protection.

Cinchophen, phenylcinchoninic acid, seems to have been discovered in 1887 by Doebner and Gieseke and to have been introduced into medicine under the trade name of atophan in 1908 by Nicolaier and Dohrn. Since that time it has been used extensively for gout as well as for other forms of arthritis and for the relief of pain of all types. Use of Cinchophen in humans ceased in the 1930s due to the discovery that it can cause serious liver damage.

Aminophenazone is a phenyl-pyrazolone derivative with potent analgesic and antipyretic properties. Aminophenazone has been used as salt or complexes, including topically as the salicylate. It was recommended for the treatment of a fever, neuralgia, myositis, acute rheumatism, arthritis, chorea. In 1999 the FDA suspended aminophenazone. The drug caused agranulocytosis. Some of the cases of agranulocytosis were fatal. Another reason for suspending this drug from the market was its ability to react with nitrite-containing food, thus forming carcinogenic nitrosamines. A breath test with 13C-labeled aminopyrine has been used as a non-invasive measure of cytochrome P-450 metabolic activity in liver function tests.

Acetaminosalol, salicylic acid derivative, is an analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory agent. It was marketed by Bayer under the brand name Salophen as an analgesic. It was also used as a substitute for salicylic acid in acute rheumatism.

Antipyrine is an analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. It is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. It inhibits cyclooxygenases and shows little anti-inflammatory activity. Like many old and approved substances after almost 100 years of use, antipyrine has been associated with some serious side effects, namely agranulocytosis and shock reactions.

Iodoantipyrine belongs to the group of nonsteroid anti-inflammatory compounds. It has being shown to treat and prevent tick-borne encephalitis in mice. Iodoantipyrine has also be shown to be useful as a cerebral blood flow marker. ¹²³I-4-Iodoantipyrine (4-IAP) has been suggested as a radiopharmaceutical for direct imaging of regional cerebral perfusion.