Carbazochrome Sulfonic Acid is an antihemorrhagic, or hemostatic, agent that will cease blood flow by causing the aggregation and adhesion of platelets in the blood to form a platelet plug, ceasing blood flow from an open wound. It is hoped that this drug can be used in the future for preventing excessive blood flow during surgical operations and the treatment of hemorrhoids, but research on its effectiveness and the severity of possible side effects remains to be fairly inconclusive. Carbazochrome has been investigated for use in the treatment of hemorrhoids in a mixture with troxerutin. Carbazochrome interacts with α-adrenoreceptors on surface of platelets, which are coupled to Gq protein and initiate PLC IP3/DAG pathway to increase intracellular free calcium concentration with these subsequent actions: Activates PLA2 and induce arachidonic acid pathway to synthese endoperoxides (TxA2, thromboxane A2); Calcium binds to calmodulin which then binds and activates myosin light-chain kinase, that will enable the myosin crossbridge to bind to the actin filament and allow contraction to begin. This will change platelet’s shape and induce release of serotonin, ADP, vWF (Von Willebrand factor), PAF (Platelet-activating factor) to promote further aggregation and adhesion. Carbazochrome is usually used to treat bleeding tendency (for example purpura, etc.) caused by attenuation of microvascular resistance, bleeding from skin or mucosa and inner membrane, fundal/renal/uterine bleeding and intraoperative or postoperative abnormal bleeding.

Carbazochrome Sulfonic Acid is an antihemorrhagic, or hemostatic, agent that will cease blood flow by causing the aggregation and adhesion of platelets in the blood to form a platelet plug, ceasing blood flow from an open wound. It is hoped that this drug can be used in the future for preventing excessive blood flow during surgical operations and the treatment of hemorrhoids, but research on its effectiveness and the severity of possible side effects remains to be fairly inconclusive. Carbazochrome has been investigated for use in the treatment of hemorrhoids in a mixture with troxerutin. Carbazochrome interacts with α-adrenoreceptors on surface of platelets, which are coupled to Gq protein and initiate PLC IP3/DAG pathway to increase intracellular free calcium concentration with these subsequent actions: Activates PLA2 and induce arachidonic acid pathway to synthese endoperoxides (TxA2, thromboxane A2); Calcium binds to calmodulin which then binds and activates myosin light-chain kinase, that will enable the myosin crossbridge to bind to the actin filament and allow contraction to begin. This will change platelet’s shape and induce release of serotonin, ADP, vWF (Von Willebrand factor), PAF (Platelet-activating factor) to promote further aggregation and adhesion. Carbazochrome is usually used to treat bleeding tendency (for example purpura, etc.) caused by attenuation of microvascular resistance, bleeding from skin or mucosa and inner membrane, fundal/renal/uterine bleeding and intraoperative or postoperative abnormal bleeding.

Fursultiamine, also known as thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide (TTFD) is an oral FDA- approved thiamine derivative for treating vitamin B1 deficiency and is very rapidly metabolized into thiamine. Fursultiamine possesses a mild beneficial effect in patients with Alzheimer's disease. The improvement could be observed not only in their emotional or other mental symptoms but also in intellectual function. Only mildly impaired subjects showed cognitive improvement. In addition was shown, that fursultiamine have a beneficial clinical effect on some autistic children. Some relatively recent experiments have revealed that fursultiamine was a unique antagonist of hepcidin in vitro that could serve as a template for the development of drug candidates that inhibit the hepcidin-ferroportin interaction. This inhibition is a key for the treatment of anemia of inflammation (AI), a common in patients with infection, autoimmune diseases, cancer, and chronic kidney disease.

Carbazochrome Sulfonic Acid is an antihemorrhagic, or hemostatic, agent that will cease blood flow by causing the aggregation and adhesion of platelets in the blood to form a platelet plug, ceasing blood flow from an open wound. It is hoped that this drug can be used in the future for preventing excessive blood flow during surgical operations and the treatment of hemorrhoids, but research on its effectiveness and the severity of possible side effects remains to be fairly inconclusive. Carbazochrome has been investigated for use in the treatment of hemorrhoids in a mixture with troxerutin. Carbazochrome interacts with α-adrenoreceptors on surface of platelets, which are coupled to Gq protein and initiate PLC IP3/DAG pathway to increase intracellular free calcium concentration with these subsequent actions: Activates PLA2 and induce arachidonic acid pathway to synthese endoperoxides (TxA2, thromboxane A2); Calcium binds to calmodulin which then binds and activates myosin light-chain kinase, that will enable the myosin crossbridge to bind to the actin filament and allow contraction to begin. This will change platelet’s shape and induce release of serotonin, ADP, vWF (Von Willebrand factor), PAF (Platelet-activating factor) to promote further aggregation and adhesion. Carbazochrome is usually used to treat bleeding tendency (for example purpura, etc.) caused by attenuation of microvascular resistance, bleeding from skin or mucosa and inner membrane, fundal/renal/uterine bleeding and intraoperative or postoperative abnormal bleeding.

Rabacfosadine was approved in 2017 under the brand name Tanovea-CA1 for the treatment of canine lymphoma. In addition, this drug has demonstrated effectiveness against non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in dogs, as well as canine cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and relapsed canine B-cell lymphoma. Rabacfosadine a prodrug, which is hydrolyzed intracellularly to the metabolites, 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)-N6-cyclopropyl-2,6-diaminopurine (cPrPMEDAP) and 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl) guanine (PMEG). PMEG is then converted to its active phosphorylated form, which is a chain-terminating inhibitor of the replicative deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerases.

QS-21 is a purified soapbark tree (Quillaja saponaria) extract that enhances the ability of the immune system to respond to vaccine antigens. QS-21 is a promising adjuvant candidate for use in humans due to the ease of purification, its improved safety profile, and its ability to enhance cellular and humoral immunogenicity. The mechanism of action of QS-21 was speculated to be similar to QA, forming complexes with cholesterol that intercalate into the cell membrane lipids. This intercalation creates pores in the membrane to accelerate the uptake of a co-delivered antigen by the antigen presenting cells. Multiple clinical trials using QS-21 as an adjuvant, demonstrated satisfactory safety profiles and enhanced immunogenicity in immunocompromised volunteers

Rabacfosadine was approved in 2017 under the brand name Tanovea-CA1 for the treatment of canine lymphoma. In addition, this drug has demonstrated effectiveness against non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in dogs, as well as canine cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and relapsed canine B-cell lymphoma. Rabacfosadine a prodrug, which is hydrolyzed intracellularly to the metabolites, 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)-N6-cyclopropyl-2,6-diaminopurine (cPrPMEDAP) and 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl) guanine (PMEG). PMEG is then converted to its active phosphorylated form, which is a chain-terminating inhibitor of the replicative deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerases.