Levormeloxifene (INN) is an experimental selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that was being developed as an alternative to estrogen replacement therapy for the treatment and prevention of postmenopausal bone loss. Levormeloxifene is the levorotatory enantiomer of non-hormonal, non-steroidal oral contraceptive -- ormeloxifene (trade names Novex-DS, Centron, and Sevista). The development of Levormeloxifene was stopped because of a high incidence of gynecologic adverse events during clinical trials.

Proxibarbal is a non-sedative barbiturate with a specific anti-serotonin and anti-histamine effect, due to enzyme induction of serotoninase and histaminase. Its lack of unpleasant side-effects. Proxibarbal exists in ring-chain tautomeric equilibrium with the two diastereomers of valofan. Proxibarbal is metabolized to a five-membered lactone. Its only barbituric property is its ability to induce enzymes that destroy a surplus of neurohormones and rid people of their neurovegetative sufferings, including migraine and other types of vascular headache. Side effects are: dizziness, drowsiness, dyspepsia, allergic reactions. Proxibarbal enhances the effects of other depriving agents, including alcohol.

Oxolamine under brand names Symphocal, Perebron is used in some countries as a cough suppressant for the treatment of pharyngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, bronchiectasis, pertussis. Oxolamine possesses anti-inflammatory activity, which causes a reduction in the irritation of the nervous receptors of the respiratory tract.

Cimetropium bromide (cimetropium) is a semi-synthetic belladonna alkaliod, a quaternary derivatives of scopolamine. Cimetropium was used in Italy under the name Alginor for the treatment of painful gastrointestinal conditions, such as irritant bowel syndrome or infant colics as well as in preparation for diagnostic procedures. The drug exerts its action by binding to muscarinic receptors and inhibiting their activity.

Benzoxonium is a quaternary ammonium compound with antibacterial, antiviral, and antimycotic activity. It can be used in topical disinfection, disinfection of surgical instruments, inhibition of plaque formation, and in veterinary products.

Enisamium (4-(benzylcarbamoyl)-1-methylpyridinium iodide) is an isonicotinic acid derivative, that used as an antiviral agent in Russia. Enisamium suppresses the effect of influenza viruses and other pathogens of acute respiratory viral infections due to a direct inhibitory effect on the penetration of viruses through the cell membrane. Enisamium has interferonogenic properties, promotes an increase in the concentration of endogenous interferon (interferon alfa and gamma) in blood plasma by 3-4 times.

Cycloguanil is a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor and is a metabolite of the antimalarial drug proguanil. The parent drug proguanil was suggested to contribute to the antimalarial activity as well, but the mechanism of action is unknown. Proguanil is a prodrug that is metabolized to its main active metabolite, cycloguanil, mostly via CYP2C19. There is significant variation in proguanil pharmacokinetics.12 CYP2C19 is the predominant enzyme catalyzing the bioactivation of proguanil to cycloguanil. Cycloguanil is one of the few antimalarial drugs that act on both the erythrocytic and on the pre-erythrocytic (hepatic) forms of the malaria parasites. Although cycloguanil is not currently in general use as an antimalarial, the continuing development of resistance to current antimalarial drugs has led to renewed interest in studying the use of cycloguanil in combination with other drugs.

Vinburnine is a nutritional product, a peripheral vasodilator with cerebral activities that also act as a cerebral metabolic stimulant and appears to be able to relax the smooth muscle cells within the walls of blood vessels. (+/-)-Eburnamonine is the racemate of the alkaloid Vinburnine. Dextrorotatory, levorotatory, and racemic forms of eburnamonine exist in nature. The (-)-form, also known as vincamone (isolated from Vinca minor), is a drug that possesses a stimulating activity for muscle and is used as cerebrotonic, whereas both enantiomers have hypotensive effects.

Difemerine is antimuscarinic agent. It is used in the symptomatic treatment of visceral spasms. It may have anticholinergic side effects like dry mouth, dizziness, blurred vision and drowsiness. Anticholinergics must be used with caution in glaucoma and prostate hypertrophy patients.

Alaproclate is a selective 5-HT uptake inhibitor. Alaproclate enantiomers block potassium and NMDA receptor currents in a stereoselective manner. Alaproclate was practically devoid of action on a number of receptors as examined in binding studies in vitro: 5-HT, histamine-H1, alpha 1, -alpha 2-adrenergic and dopamine D2 receptors. Alaproclate was investigated in trials for the treatment of depression and dementia.