Cefminox is a broad-spectrum, bactericidal cephalosporin antibiotic. It is especially effective against Gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria. It is indicated in treatment of the following infections caused by sensitive bacteria: 1. Respiratory infections: Amygdalitis, circumtonsillar abscess, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, bronchiectasis (in fection), secondary infections of chronic respiratory diseases, pneumonia, and pulmonary suppuration; 2. Infection in urinary system: Nephropyelitis, cystitis; 3. Infections in abdominal cavity: Cholecystitis' angiocholitis'peritonitis; 4. Infections in pelvic cavity: Pelvic peritonitis, adnexitis, intrauterine infection, inflammation in pelvic dead space, and parametritis; 5. Septicaemia.

Cefetamet pivoxil is an oral third-generation cephalosporin which is hydrolysed to form the active agent, cefetamet. Cefetamet has excellent in vitro activity against the major respiratory pathogens Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis and group A beta-haemolytic streptococci; it is active against beta-lactamase-producing strains of H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis, but has poor activity against penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae. Cefetamet has marked activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae and possesses a broad spectrum of activity against Enterobacteriaceae. Both staphylococci and Pseudomonas spp. are resistant to cefetamet. Cefetamet pivoxil has been investigated in the treatment of both upper and lower community-acquired respiratory tract infections and has demonstrated equivalent efficacy to a number of more established agents, namely cefaclor, amoxicillin and cefixime. In complicated urinary tract infections, cefetamet pivoxil showed similar efficacy to cefadroxil, cefaclor and cefuroxime axetil. Cefetamet pivoxil was effective in the treatment of otitis media, pneumonia, pharyngotonsillitis and urinary tract infections in children. Cefetamet is not extensively bound to plasma proteins. Cefetamet has a relatively small apparent volume of distribution consistent with that of other beta-lactam antibiotics. The absorption and disposition of cefetamet in human subpopulations [i.e. children, elderly (< 75 years of age), renal impairment, liver disease and patients taking concomitant drugs] have been studied extensively. Only impaired renal function appears to significantly alter the elimination of this drug. Cefetamet pivoxil exerts its bactericidal action by inhibition the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in the bacterial cell wall by binding to one or more of the Penicillin-binding Proteins (PBPs).

XIPRANOLOL is a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist with antiarrhythmic properties.

Cefteram is a semisynthetic cephalosporin formulated for oral administration as the prodrug ester, cefteram pivoxil. The mechanism of action of cefteram is inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cefteram exerts its bactericidal activity by strongly binding to penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 3, 1A, and 1Bs. The drug is available in Japan and is used for the treatment of bacterial infections.

Cefazedone is a semisynthetic first-generation cephalosporin with activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Cefazedone binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall. PBPs are enzymes involved in the terminal stages of assembling the bacterial cell wall and in reshaping the cell wall during growth and division. Inactivation of PBPs interferes with the cross-linkage of peptidoglycan chains necessary for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity. This results in the weakening of the bacterial cell wall and causes cell lysis. Unlike other cephalosporins cefazedone possesses good activity against gram-positive bacteria

Cefuzoname (CZON, L-105) is a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, has broad spectrum on Gram-positive or -negative bacteria and may also be effective against Staphylococcus aureus against which third generation cephalosporins are largely ineffective.

Bambuterol is an active precursor of the selective beta2-adrenergic agonist terbutaline. Bambuterol is the bis-N,N-dimethyl-carbamate of terbutaline. Bambuterol is a remarkably selective and potent inhibitor of cholinesterase. BAMBEC (Bambuterol hydrochloride) oral solution or tablets are indicated for the management of asthma, bronchospasm and/or reversible airways obstruction.

Procaterol is a beta2-adrenoreceptor agonist. It is a bronchodilator that may be administered orally or by aerosol inhalation for the treatment of dyspnea caused by bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, and pulmonary emphysema. The drug is not approved in the USA, but is available in Japan, Indonesia, and other countries worldwide.

Hexoprenaline is a selective beta2-adrenoreceptor agonist indicated for use in the treatment of bronchospasm associated with obstructive airways diseases, including asthma, bronchitis and emphysema. In many countries the drug is used as tocolytic agent (under the trade name gynipral).

Xamoterol (ICI 118,587) is a partial agonist of beta1-adrenoceptors. Xamoterol acts on the cardiac beta 1-adrenergic receptor, modifies the response of the heart to variations in sympathetic activity. At rest, it produces modest improvements in cardiac contractility, relaxation, and filling without increase in myocardial oxygen demand. The improvements are maintained during exercise although the attendant tachycardia is attenuated. The beneficial effects of xamoterol on both systolic and diastolic function suggested that it would be effective in patients with mild-to-moderate heart failure, and this was demonstrated in small placebo-controlled studies where effort tolerance and symptoms were improved. Xamoterol produced improvements in exercise capacity, clinical signs, symptoms and quality of life with a low incidence of adverse experiences. Xamoterol is effective as monotherapy in heart failure.