Sodium sulfanilate is a salt of sulphanilic acid and has been used to monitor the degree of renal dysfunction in dogs.

Caldaret is intracardiac calcium (Ca2+) handling modulator whose cardioprotective actions are presumed to be due to inhibition of the NCX exchanger and increasing the uptake of Ca2+ via the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Unfortunately, Caldaret failed to demonstrate efficacy in Phase II clinical trials as an adjunct to standard therapy with primary percutaneous coronary intervention patients diagnosed as having an acute myocardial infarction

Homocysteine, an amino acid synthesized intracellularly by removal of the N-methyl group from the essential amino acid methionine. High plasma level of homocysteine is called hyperhomocysteinemia is a clinical biomarker for increased risk of cardiovascular disease, thromboembolic diseases, and myocardial infarction. It was shown, that hyperhomocysteinemia could be an independent risk factor for dementia and Alzheimer's disease. The falling of homocysteine concentrations in response to increasing B-group-vitamin status, have the hope that mental decline, or Alzheimer's disease, could be prevented by dietary modification or food fortification. Besides, homocysteine can behave as an anti-oxidant agent by increasing the antioxidant capacity of the tumor and endothelial cells.

Zonampanel (also known as YM872) was developed as selective, potent and highly water-soluble competitive alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor antagonist. Zonampanel possesses the neuroprotective effect against focal cerebral ischemia and participated in phase II clinical trials in acute stroke patients. However, because of the severe effects, including hallucinations, agitation, and catatonia the further studied were terminated.

Omigapil (CGP 3466 or TCH346) is a structurally related analog of R-(-)-deprenyl that exhibits virtually no monoamine oxidase type B inhibiting activity but is neuroprotective in the picomolar concentration range. It binds to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and at subnanomolar concentrations prevent the S-nitrosylation of GAPDH, inhibit GAPDH-Siah binding and prevent the nuclear translocation of GAPDH. Omigapil demonstrated promising potential in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and motoneuron disease in animal models, however, it did not show efficacy in clinical trials. Omigapil is in development for the treatment of congenital muscular dystrophy.

Omaciclovir (previously known as H2G), a cyclic guanosine analog that is structurally similar to acyclovir and was in clinical development for the treatment of herpesvirus infections. This drug acted against varicella-zoster virus (VZV), by the formation of high concentrations of relatively stable H2G-triphosphate, which is a potent inhibitor of the viral DNA polymerases. However, further development of this drug was discontinued.

Acolbifene, the active metabolite of EM-800, was identified as a pure antagonist that acts on both activation domains of the ERs. It is in Phase III clinical trials for the prevention of breast cancer and vasomotor symptoms (Hot flush) in postmenopausal women. Most commonly reported adverse events included irregular menses, leg/muscle cramps, diarrhea, and hot flashes. No serious adverse events were reported.

Amibegron (SR 58611A or SR 58611) is a highly selective agonist for atypical beta3-adrenoceptors. It stimulates neuronal activity in a specific area of the prefrontal cortex and also inhibits intestinal motility. Amibegron was in phase III trials worldwide for the treatment of depression and generalised anxiety disorder but development of the product was discontinued in 2008. Amibegron has been tested for its potential as a treatment for irritable bowel syndrome.

IRALUKAST, a leukotriene D4 analog, has potent peptido-leukotriene antagonist activity. It was under clinical development and in phase II clinical trials as a potential treatment for asthma.