Benhepazone (also known as RCH-314) possessed potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. Information about the nowadays use of this compound is not available.

Amiprilose hydrochloride (brand name Therafectin), a novel synthetic carbohydrate with anti-inflammatory properties, which was developed for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. In September 1993, FDA informed that this drug could not be approved because there was not adequate data demonstrating the drug’s effectiveness.

Flunamine is an antiparkinsonian agent.

ISAMFAZONE is a non-steroidal antiinflammatory, analgesic agent.

Ciprefadol is an opioid analgesic drug. It binds with a high affinity to mu (Ki 4.2 nM) and kappa (Ki 2.5 nM) opioid receptors. In vivo, ciprefadol displays mixed antagonist/agonist activity in the mouse writhing and the rat tail heat tests: in low doses, the compound inhibits the analgesic effect of morphine, while at higher doses it displays analgesic effect. Chronic administration of ciprefadol to rhesus monkeys produced a marked physical dependence more severe than that of morphine, and its effect was consistent with what would be expected of a potent, long-lasting morphine-like agonist.

Cimicoxib is a selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor used in veterinary medicine to treat dogs for pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis and for the management of pain and inflammation associated with surgery. Limited data are available on cimicoxib, with one study documenting non-inferiority compared to carprofen in managing postoperative pain for dogs undergoing either orthopedic or soft tissue surgery. There are some data available as part of cimicoxib’s approval process in Europe to support its use for chronic pain.

Moxadolen is tricyclo-[5.2.1.0.2.6endo]decenone derivative. Moxadolen pharmacokinetics were investigated after oral application in male Wistar rats. The compound is extensively absorbed and mainly renally eliminated. Within 60 h, 63% of the activity is recovered in urine and feces. After 12 h 27% of the activity is eliminated (application in polyethylene glycol). The highest total concentration of the activity in the plasma is found after 2 h, the highest of the unchanged drug is found after 1 h. The half-life is 2.9 h.

Miroprofen, an imidazopyridine derivative, possesses anti-inflammatory properties. It was shown that this compound could be effective in suppressing pain responses and acute inflammation accompanied by increased vascular permeability. Analgesic effect of this compound was studied in post-extraction pain. However, information about the current study of this agent is not available.

Difenamizole is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and analgesic of the pyrazolone group related to metamizole. Mice given difenamizole per os showed maximal anti-nociceptive activity 30--60 min after administration. Difenamizole may depress the release of catecholamines from monoaminergic neurons. The analgesic action of difenamizole was antagonized by intracerebral injection of dopamine but not by norepinephrine. An analgesic action of difenamizole may be related to the dopaminergic system and difenamizole may depress the release of dopamine in the striatum, therefore, difenamizole may demonstrate an analgesic action following depression of dopaminergic neuronal activity in the striatum and preventing the binding of dopamine with the receptors.

ISOPRAZONE is an analgesic and antipyretic agent.