U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

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Showing 11 - 20 of 25 results

Status:
Other

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)

Status:
Other

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (EPIMERIC)

Status:
Other

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)

Status:
Other

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)

Conditions:

DOXYLAMINE CHLOROTHEOPHYLLINATE is a combination of two drugs doxylamine and 8-chlorotheophylline. Doxylamine is a first-generation antihistamine, that have short-term sedative effect. 8-Chlorotheophylline, a chlorinated derivative of theophylline, was added in order to counteract drowsiness. Doxylamine Chlorotheophyllinate can be used to treat motion sickness and nausea.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
First marketed in 1921
Source:
sodium succinate
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)



Succinic acid is a dicarboxylic acid, which has multiple biological roles as a metabolic intermediate being converted into fumarate by the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase in complex 2 of the electron transport chain which is involved in making ATP, and as a signaling molecule reflecting the cellular metabolic state. Succinate is generated in mitochondria via the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), an energy-yielding process shared by all organisms. Succinate can exit the mitochondrial matrix and function in the cytoplasm as well as the extracellular space, changing gene expression patterns, modulating epigenetic landscape or demonstrating hormone-like signaling. Dysregulation of succinate synthesis, and therefore ATP synthesis, happens in some genetic mitochondrial diseases, such as Leigh's disease, and Mela's disease and degradation can lead to pathological conditions, such as malignant transformation, inflammation and tissue injury. Succinic acid is a precursor to some polyesters and a component of some alkyd resins. Succinic acid also serves as the bases of certain biodegradable polymers, which are of interest in tissue engineering applications. As a food additive and dietary supplement, succinic acid is generally recognized as safe by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Succinic acid is used primarily as an acidity regulator in the food and beverage industry. It is also available as a flavoring agent, contributing a somewhat sour and astringent component to umami taste.[11] As an excipient in pharmaceutical products, it is also used to control acidity or as a counter ion. Drugs involving succinate include metoprolol succinate, sumatriptan succinate, Doxylamine succinate or solifenacin succinate.
Chlorotheophylline (8-Chlorotheophylline) is a stimulant drug of the xanthine chemical class, with physiological effects similar to caffeine. Its main use is in combination with Diphenhydramine as the antiemetic drug Dimenhydrinate (marketed as Draminate, Dramamine, Detensor and Gravol among others). Dimenhydrinate is primarily used to treat nausea, vomiting, and dizziness caused by motion sickness.The stimulant properties of 8-chlorotheophylline are thought to ward off the drowsiness caused by diphenhydramine's anti-histamine activity in the central nervous system. 8-chlorotheophylline produces a number of effects including nervousness, restlessness, insomnia, headache, and nausea, which are primarily attributed to its ability to block the adenosine receptor. Because adenosine causes a decrease in neuronal firing, blockade of the adenosine receptor causes the reverse effect resulting in excitation.

Showing 11 - 20 of 25 results