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Restrict the search for
angiotensin ii
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Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
Guaiacol
(1892)
Source URL:
First marketed in 1892
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Guaiacol is a naturally occurring organic compound first isolated by Otto Unverdorben in 1826. Although it is biosynthesized by a variety of organisms, this yellowish aromatic oil is usually derived from guaiacum or wood creosote. Guaiacol is used as a reducing co-substrate for COX reactions. It is mainly used as expectorant, antiseptic. It is used as cough suppressant, it is an ingredient of Pulmo Bailly (UK). Pulmo Bailly Cough Expectorant is indicated for relief for cough symptoms that are associated with a flu, cold, or other infection. It contains active ingredients, Codeine and Guajacol, which reduce discomfort and the urge to cough. Each 5 ml tablespoon of Pulmo Bailly contains 75 mg guaiacol and 7 mg codeine.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
First marketed in 1885
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Antipyrine is an analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. It is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. It inhibits cyclooxygenases and shows little anti-inflammatory activity. Like many old and approved substances after almost 100 years of use, antipyrine has been associated with some serious side effects, namely agranulocytosis and shock reactions.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
Bantron by Campana
(1953)
Source URL:
First marketed in 1882
Source:
Lobeline Sulphate by E. Merck
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Lobeline is an alkaloid found in "Indian tobacco" (Lobelia inflata), "Devil's tobacco" (Lobelia tupa), "cardinal flower" (Lobelia cardinalis), "great lobelia" (Lobelia siphilitica), and Hippobroma longiflora. Additionally, it is also found in Lobelia Chinensis. In its pure form, it is a white amorphous powder which is freely soluble in water. Lobeline has been sold, in tablet form, for use as a smoking cessation aid, and may have application in the treatment of other drug addictions such as addiction to amphetamines, cocaine, or alcohol. Lobeline has multiple mechanisms of action, acting as a VMAT2 ligand, which stimulates dopamine release to a moderate extent when administered alone, but reduces the dopamine release caused by methamphetamine. It also inhibits the reuptake of dopamine and serotonin and acts as a mixed agonist-antagonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors to which it binds at the subunit interfaces of the extracellular domain. It is also an antagonist at μ-opioid receptors. It seems to be a P-glycoprotein inhibitor, according to at least one study. It has been hypothesized that P-glycoprotein inhibition reduces chemotherapeutic resistance in cancer, presumably affecting any substrates of P-gp.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
First marketed in 1847
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Chloroform is a colorless, sweet-smelling, dense liquid and widely used industrial and laboratory solvent. The total global flux of chloroform through the environment is approximately 660 000 tonnes per year, and about 90% of emissions are natural in origin. Many kinds of seaweed produce chloroform, and fungi are believed to produce chloroform in soil. Chloroform is used as an industrial solvent and as an intermediate in the manufacture of polymeric materials. The major use of chloroformtoday is in the production of the refrigerant R-22, commonly used in the air conditioning business. Inhaled chloroform anesthesia was introduced in 1847 and Chloroform subsequently became the most widely used volatile anaesthetic, and was used in horses before the end of the 19th century. Pure chloroform is known to be decomposed by the air with the formation of hydrochloric acid, phosgene and carbon dioxide. Phosgene is also generated metabolically from chloroform, and liver and kidney damage can ensue from its production.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
First marketed in 1846
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Diethyl ether (ether) had been widely used for anesthesia until the 1960s despite its explosive properties and toxicity to both humans and animals. Diethyl ether still serves a role today as an effective inhalation agent. Newer inhalation agents have replaced ether completely and open drop delivery systems have been exchanged for complicated vaporizers and monitoring systems. Anesthesia in the developing world, however, still closely resembles primitive anesthetics.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
21 CFR 310.545(a)(18)(ii) skin protectant:astringent potassium ferrocyanide
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Potassium ferrocyanide is an inorganic compound, a cyanide salt of Fe(2+). It is known under E code E 535 and is used in the food industry as an anticaking agent (substances that prevent powdered and granulated ingredients from lumping) in salt. Potassium ferrocyanide has low acute toxicity and is not mutagenic or carcinogenic. Its absorption from the gastrointestinal tract is low, and there is no accumulation in human.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
21 CFR 310.545(a)(12)(iv)(B) laxative:stimulant laxative danthron
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Danthron, a natural product, was originally extracted from the roots and rhizome of Polygonaceae plant. Danthron is an anthraquinone. Danthron has been widely administrated as a laxative since the 1900s. In the United States, danthron has been forbidden to continual use as laxative because it is considered to be a carcinogen. In the UK, it is not marketed alone but in combination with poloxamer 188 as co-danthramer and with docusate as co-danthrusate; in the UK, its use is strictly restricted to the elderly and to the terminally ill of all ages because of concerns about carcinogenicity and hepatotoxicity. It has only a limited role in the treatment of constipation.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
21 CFR 310.545(a)(23)(i) internal analgesic calcium salicylate
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Calcium salicylate is the calcium salt of salicylic acid. The anti-cancer effectiveness of calcium salicylate has been investigated on human HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cell lines. Low calcium salicylate concentrations did not retard tumor growth progression significantly but its cytotoxic characteristics were proven to be prominent by various morphological and immunocytological techniques - approximately 25% apoptosis after treatment with calcium salicylate. This compound up-regulated the expression of p53, p21 and Bax, and down-regulated Bcl-2 in HT-1080 cells. In addition, calcium salicylate is used in root canal filling material development.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
M022
(2024)
Source URL:
First approved in 2024
Source:
M022
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
M020
(2024)
Source URL:
First approved in 2024
Source:
M020
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
