Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | CHCl3 |
Molecular Weight | 119.378 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
ClC(Cl)Cl
InChI
InChIKey=HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/CHCl3/c2-1(3)4/h1H
Molecular Formula | CHCl3 |
Molecular Weight | 119.378 |
Charge | 0 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Chloroform is a colorless, sweet-smelling, dense liquid and widely used industrial and laboratory solvent. The total global flux of chloroform through the environment is approximately 660 000 tonnes per year, and about 90% of emissions are natural in origin. Many kinds of seaweed produce chloroform, and fungi are believed to produce chloroform in soil. Chloroform is used as an industrial solvent and as an intermediate in the manufacture of polymeric materials. The major use of chloroformtoday is in the production of the refrigerant R-22, commonly used in the air conditioning business. Inhaled chloroform anesthesia was introduced in 1847 and Chloroform subsequently became the most widely used volatile anaesthetic, and was used in horses before the end of the 19th century. Pure chloroform is known to be decomposed by the air with the formation of hydrochloric acid, phosgene and carbon dioxide. Phosgene is also generated metabolically from chloroform, and liver and kidney damage can ensue from its production.
Originator
Approval Year
AUC
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
176 μg × min/mL |
500 mg single, oral dose: 500 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
CHLOROFORM blood | Homo sapiens population: UNKNOWN age: UNKNOWN sex: FEMALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
293 μg × min/mL |
500 mg single, oral dose: 500 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
CHLOROFORM blood | Homo sapiens population: UNKNOWN age: UNKNOWN sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
T1/2
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
86 min |
500 mg single, oral dose: 500 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
CHLOROFORM blood | Homo sapiens population: UNKNOWN age: UNKNOWN sex: FEMALE food status: UNKNOWN |
|
96 min |
500 mg single, oral dose: 500 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
CHLOROFORM blood | Homo sapiens population: UNKNOWN age: UNKNOWN sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
Doses
Dose | Population | Adverse events |
---|---|---|
30 mL single, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 30 mL Route: oral Route: single Dose: 30 mL Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
healthy, 30 n = 1 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 30 Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
Disc. AE: Loss of consciousness, Hypotension... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Loss of consciousness Sources: Page: p.1,2Hypotension Respiratory depression (severe) Abdominal pain (severe) Vomiting Diarrhea Enterocolitis (severe) Erosive oesophagitis (severe) Gastritis erosive (severe) Ulceration (severe) Contact dermatitis ALT increased AST increased |
73 g/m3 single, respiratory Recommended Dose: 73 g/m3 Route: respiratory Route: single Dose: 73 g/m3 Sources: Page: p.26 |
unknown Health Status: unknown Condition: anaesthesia Sources: Page: p.26 |
Disc. AE: Respiratory failure, Cardiac arrhythmias... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Respiratory failure (grade 5) Sources: Page: p.26Cardiac arrhythmias (grade 5) Cardiac failure (grade 5) |
1030 ppm single, respiratory Studied dose Dose: 1030 ppm Route: respiratory Route: single Dose: 1030 ppm Sources: |
healthy |
Disc. AE: Dizziness, Intracranial pressure increase... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Dizziness Sources: Intracranial pressure increase Nausea Headache |
AEs
AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
---|---|---|---|
ALT increased | Disc. AE | 30 mL single, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 30 mL Route: oral Route: single Dose: 30 mL Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
healthy, 30 n = 1 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 30 Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
AST increased | Disc. AE | 30 mL single, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 30 mL Route: oral Route: single Dose: 30 mL Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
healthy, 30 n = 1 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 30 Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
Contact dermatitis | Disc. AE | 30 mL single, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 30 mL Route: oral Route: single Dose: 30 mL Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
healthy, 30 n = 1 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 30 Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
Diarrhea | Disc. AE | 30 mL single, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 30 mL Route: oral Route: single Dose: 30 mL Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
healthy, 30 n = 1 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 30 Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
Hypotension | Disc. AE | 30 mL single, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 30 mL Route: oral Route: single Dose: 30 mL Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
healthy, 30 n = 1 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 30 Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
Loss of consciousness | Disc. AE | 30 mL single, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 30 mL Route: oral Route: single Dose: 30 mL Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
healthy, 30 n = 1 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 30 Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
Vomiting | Disc. AE | 30 mL single, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 30 mL Route: oral Route: single Dose: 30 mL Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
healthy, 30 n = 1 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 30 Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
Abdominal pain | severe Disc. AE |
30 mL single, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 30 mL Route: oral Route: single Dose: 30 mL Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
healthy, 30 n = 1 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 30 Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
Enterocolitis | severe Disc. AE |
30 mL single, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 30 mL Route: oral Route: single Dose: 30 mL Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
healthy, 30 n = 1 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 30 Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
Erosive oesophagitis | severe Disc. AE |
30 mL single, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 30 mL Route: oral Route: single Dose: 30 mL Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
healthy, 30 n = 1 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 30 Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
Gastritis erosive | severe Disc. AE |
30 mL single, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 30 mL Route: oral Route: single Dose: 30 mL Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
healthy, 30 n = 1 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 30 Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
Respiratory depression | severe Disc. AE |
30 mL single, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 30 mL Route: oral Route: single Dose: 30 mL Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
healthy, 30 n = 1 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 30 Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
Ulceration | severe Disc. AE |
30 mL single, oral (max) Overdose Dose: 30 mL Route: oral Route: single Dose: 30 mL Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
healthy, 30 n = 1 Health Status: healthy Age Group: 30 Sex: F Population Size: 1 Sources: Page: p.1,2 |
Cardiac arrhythmias | grade 5 Disc. AE |
73 g/m3 single, respiratory Recommended Dose: 73 g/m3 Route: respiratory Route: single Dose: 73 g/m3 Sources: Page: p.26 |
unknown Health Status: unknown Condition: anaesthesia Sources: Page: p.26 |
Cardiac failure | grade 5 Disc. AE |
73 g/m3 single, respiratory Recommended Dose: 73 g/m3 Route: respiratory Route: single Dose: 73 g/m3 Sources: Page: p.26 |
unknown Health Status: unknown Condition: anaesthesia Sources: Page: p.26 |
Respiratory failure | grade 5 Disc. AE |
73 g/m3 single, respiratory Recommended Dose: 73 g/m3 Route: respiratory Route: single Dose: 73 g/m3 Sources: Page: p.26 |
unknown Health Status: unknown Condition: anaesthesia Sources: Page: p.26 |
Dizziness | Disc. AE | 1030 ppm single, respiratory Studied dose Dose: 1030 ppm Route: respiratory Route: single Dose: 1030 ppm Sources: |
healthy |
Headache | Disc. AE | 1030 ppm single, respiratory Studied dose Dose: 1030 ppm Route: respiratory Route: single Dose: 1030 ppm Sources: |
healthy |
Intracranial pressure increase | Disc. AE | 1030 ppm single, respiratory Studied dose Dose: 1030 ppm Route: respiratory Route: single Dose: 1030 ppm Sources: |
healthy |
Nausea | Disc. AE | 1030 ppm single, respiratory Studied dose Dose: 1030 ppm Route: respiratory Route: single Dose: 1030 ppm Sources: |
healthy |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
---|---|---|
Thyroxine signal transduction in liver cells involves phospholipase C and phospholipase D activation. Genomic independent action of thyroid hormone. | 2001 |
|
Polymorphisms in the Mn-SOD and EC-SOD genes and their relationship to diabetic neuropathy in type 1 diabetes mellitus. | 2001 |
|
[New studies on the history of anesthesiology--(7). What anesthetics were given to soldiers of the fifth regiment rescued from death march on Mount Hakkoda?]. | 2001 Apr |
|
The Bacillus subtilis yabQ gene is essential for formation of the spore cortex. | 2001 Apr |
|
Inhibiting effects of chloroform on anaerobic microbial consortia as monitored by the Rantox biosensor. | 2001 Apr |
|
Anesthetic-like interactions of nitric oxide with albumin and hemeproteins. A mechanism for control of protein function. | 2001 Apr 27 |
|
Influence of N-terminal residue stereochemistry on the prolyl amide geometry and the conformation of 5-tert-butylproline type VI beta-turn mimics. | 2001 Feb |
|
Stabilisation of [131I]meta-iodobenzylguanidine at room temperature as organic extract in ethyl acetate/chloroform. | 2001 Feb |
|
Rapid reductive destruction of hazardous organic compounds by nanoscale Fe0. | 2001 Feb |
|
Carbon tetrachloride dechlorination by the bacterial transition metal chelator pyridine-2,6-bis(thiocarboxylic acid). | 2001 Feb 1 |
|
Reductive dechlorination of cis-1,2-dichloroethene and vinyl chloride by "Dehalococcoides ethenogenes". | 2001 Feb 1 |
|
Fluorometric method for the simultaneous quantitation of differently-sized nanoparticles in rodent tissue. | 2001 Feb 19 |
|
The (1)H NMR chemical shift for the hydroxy proton of 4-(dimethylamino)-2'-hydroxychalcone in chloroform: a theoretical approach to its inverse dependence on the temperature. | 2001 Feb 22 |
|
Selective extraction of subunit D of the Na(+)-translocating methyltransferase and subunit c of the A(1)A(0) ATPase from the cytoplasmic membrane of methanogenic archaea by chloroform/methanol and characterization of subunit c of Methanothermobacter thermoautotrophicus as a 16-kDa proteolipid. | 2001 Feb 5 |
|
Effect of depletion of FtsY on spore morphology and the protein composition of the spore coat layer in Bacillus subtilis. | 2001 Feb 5 |
|
Phospholipase D-catalyzed transphosphatidylation in anhydrous organic solvents. | 2001 Feb 5 |
|
Invertebrate anesthesia. | 2001 Jan |
|
Determination of cilostazol and its metabolites in human urine by high performance liquid chromatography. | 2001 Jan |
|
A 1:1:1 chloroform/tetrahydrofuran solvate of p-tert-butyltetrahomodioxacalix[4]arene. | 2001 Jan |
|
Augmented expression of peroxiredoxin VI in rat lung and kidney after birth implies an antioxidative role. | 2001 Jan |
|
Phytochemical and antimicrobial study of Chukrasia tabularis leaves. | 2001 Jan |
|
Drinking water contaminants and childhood leukemia. | 2001 Jan |
|
ESR-spin trapping study on the sonochemistry of liquids in the presence of oxygen. Evidence for the superoxide radical anion formation. | 2001 Jan |
|
Occupational exposure to trihalomethanes in indoor swimming pools. | 2001 Jan 17 |
|
Long-acting delivery microspheres of levo-norgestrol-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate): their preparation, characterization and contraceptive tests on mice. | 2001 Jan-Feb |
|
Monthly variations in diarrhetic toxins and yessotoxin in shellfish from coast to the inner part of the Sognefjord, Norway. | 2001 Jul |
|
Antagonism of inhalant and volatile anesthetic enhancement of glycine receptor function. | 2001 Jul 6 |
|
Efficiency of rice bran for removal of organochlorine compounds and benzene from industrial wastewater. | 2001 Mar |
|
Biosynthesis of PHB tercopolymer by Bacillus cereus UW85. | 2001 Mar |
|
Molecular mechanisms of anesthesia. | 2001 Mar |
|
Mast cell stabilising activity of Bacopa monnieri. | 2001 Mar |
|
Transient absorption from the 1Bu+ state of all-trans-beta-carotene newly identified in the near-infrared region. | 2001 Mar |
|
Surface modification of polyhydroxyalkanoate films and their interaction with human fibroblasts. | 2001 Mar 14 |
|
Evidence for a common binding cavity for three general anesthetics within the GABAA receptor. | 2001 Mar 15 |
|
Photochemistry of the pi-extended 9,10-bis(1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)-9,10-dihydroanthracene system: generation and characterisation of the radical cation, dication, and derived products. | 2001 Mar 2 |
|
Chloroform-soluble schiff-base Zn(II) or Cd(II) complexes from a dynamic combinatorial library. | 2001 Mar 26 |
|
Synthesis, aggregation, and binding behavior of synthetic amphiphilic receptors. | 2001 Mar 9 |
|
Fabrication of poly(phosphoester) nerve guides by immersion precipitation and the control of porosity. | 2001 May |
|
A controlled field experiment on groundwater contamination by a multicomponent DNAPL: creation of the emplaced-source and overview of dissolved plume development. | 2001 May |
|
Evaluation of extraction methods from paraffin wax embedded tissues for PCR amplification of human and viral DNA. | 2001 May |
|
Bactericidal properties of the chloroform fraction from rhizomes of Aristolochia paucinervis Pomel. | 2001 May |
|
Sequence specificity of hydrogen-bonded molecular duplexes. | 2001 May 18 |
|
Rigorous interpretation of electronic density functions of axial and equatorial conformers of dimethylphosphinoylcyclohexane, 2-(dimethylphosphinoyl)-1,3,5-trithiane, and 2-(dimethylphosphinoyl)-1,3-dithiane-1,1,3,3-tetraoxide. | 2001 May 4 |
|
Lipase catalyzed synthesis of organic acid esters of lactic acid in non-aqueous media. | 2001 May 4 |
Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
by
admin
on
Edited
Fri Dec 16 16:21:50 UTC 2022
by
admin
on
Fri Dec 16 16:21:50 UTC 2022
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Record UNII |
7V31YC746X
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Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
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Record Version |
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Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
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EPA PESTICIDE CODE |
20701
Created by
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WHO-VATC |
QN01AB02
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C45386
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IARC | Chloroform | ||
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WHO-ATC |
N01AB02
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CFR |
21 CFR 310.502
Created by
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CFR |
21 CFR 700.18
Created by
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35255
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67-66-3
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200-663-8
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4363
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1601383
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56
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C45678
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CONCEPT | Industrial Aid | ||
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M3412
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PRIMARY | Merck Index | ||
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CHEMBL44618
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DTXSID1020306
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SUB13331MIG
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77361
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SUB13333MIG
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C29815
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D002725
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1362698
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6212
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7V31YC746X
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chloroform
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7V31YC746X
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CHLOROFORM
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DB11387
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SUB29129
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Related Record | Type | Details | ||
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METABOLIC ENZYME -> SUBSTRATE | |||
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METABOLIC ENZYME -> SUBSTRATE |
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METABOLITE TOXIC -> PARENT |
Renal tubular and hepatic necrosis in man.
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PARENT -> IMPURITY | |||
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PARENT -> IMPURITY |
CHROMATOGRAPHIC PURITY (HPLC/UV)
USP
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ACTIVE MOIETY |