Climiqualine is a compound developed by Hoersht AG and claimed to possess hypolipemic and hypoglycemic activities in rats and rabbits.

Cinnamic acid is an odorless white crystalline acid that has only been recently studied for its potential in cancer prevention. Cinnamic acid and its derivatives are the major group of phenolic acids with ubiquitous distribution in fruits and vegetables. Preclinical data support the beneficial effects of Cinnamic acid, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities. A more recent botanical review noted that cinnamic acid may help pre-diabetic and diabetic patients. When infected mice were fed food loaded with cinnamic acid, researchers saw that their insulin levels were better managed. Another study which used mice models saw that cinnamic acid improved glucose tolerance by promoting insulin secretion.

Deboxamet is a synthetic drug with anti-ulcer and anti-secretory activity, discovered by the Italian Istituto Biologico Chemioterapico ABC, S.p.A. The compound is claimed to have high anti-inflammatory action, as evidenced by the results of the tests of acute and chronic experimental phlogosis. Deboxamet demonstrated cytoprotective activity in a model of rat gastric mucosa necrosis. The cytoprotective effect of deboxamet is mediated by the rise of the availability of prostacyclins in the rat gastric mucosa.

Xinomiline is an antihypertensive agent that gas never been marketed. Information about the current use of this agent is not available.

Zaltidine (CP-57,361) is a guanidinothiazolylimidazole compound which is a highly specific H2-receptor antagonist. It potently inhibits gastric acid secretion. Zaltidine appears to be an effective treatment of duodenal ulcer in human studies. However, the incidence of hepatic damage (8%) seems higher than with commonly used H2-receptor antagonists.

Rilapladib (SB659032) is a potent and selective inhibitor of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2). Inhibition of Lp-PLA2 can reduce peripheral measures of inflammation. Rilapladib has been evaluated for treatment in Alzheimer’s disease and atherosclerosis. Initial results from clinical trials in Alzheimer patients suggests that oral administration of rilapladib may slow down the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. Initial evidence has also been found that inhibition of Lp-PLA2 may attenuate intimal macrophage accumulation and consequently stabilize atherosclerotic plaque.

Rotraxate (also known as TEI 5103 or TG 51) is an anti-ulcerative agent. Experiments on rodents have shown that only the oral and gastric route of administration lead to the anti-ulcer effect. This drug increased gastric mucosal blood flow and possibly promoted the healing process of peptic ulcers. However, the further development of this drug was discontinued.

Eniclobrate (Sgd 33374), a diphenylmethane derivative, is a lipid-lowering compound. In rodents, eniclobrate lower serum and liver cholesterol levels and reduced the percentage of esterified cholesterol present in the serum but raised liver triglyceride levels. In a clinical trial for the treatment of hyperlipidemia type IIa and type IIb eniclobrate effectively reduced LDL-cholesterol in type IIa, however, there was a remarkable increase in HDL-cholesterol in both types of hyperlipidemia.

Cicrotoic acid is a biochemical drug that acts on bile flow and liquid composition of human bile.

Linogliride is a substituted guanidine structurally unrelated to the sulphonylureas but with a similar mechanism of action. Linogliride potentiates insulin release in isolated islets and in the perfused pancreas. In islets, linogliride is reported to stimulate insulin secretion in the presence of glucose but not in its absence. Linogliride and the sulphonylureas act via closely related mechanisms. Possible extrapancreatic effects of the agent have also been suggested. Linogliride produces hypoglycaemic effects in various non-diabetic and diabetic animals. In normal rats and dogs, it improves glucose tolerance and in fasted rats or mice, linogliride lowers blood glucose. Linogliride showed modest effects in the db/db mice but significantly lowered fasting blood glucose in neonatal streptozotocin-treated rats. Clinical studies with non-insulin-dependent diabetes patients have shown linogliride to be effective at lowering fasting and postprandial plasma glucose levels in non-insulin-dependent diabetes patients. linogliride leads to a decrease in the activity of ATP-sensitive K+ channels.