Guanabenz, an antihypertensive agent for oral administration-, is an aminoguanidine derivative, 2,'6-dichlorobenzylideneamina-guanidine acetate. It is white to an almost white powder having not more than a slight odor. Sparingly soluble in water and in 0.1 N hydrochloric acid; soluble in alcohol and in propylene glycol. Guanabenz is an orally active central alpha-2 adrenergic agonist. Its antihypertensive action appears to be mediated via stimulation of central alpha-adrenergic receptors, resulting in a decrease of sympathetic outflow from the brain at the bulbar level to the peripheral circulatory system. In clinical trials, guanabenz acetate, given orally to hypertensive patients, effectively controlled blood pressure without any significant effect on glomerular filtration rate, renal blood flow, body fluid volume or body weight. The Myelin Repair Foundation and the National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) are developing guanabenz for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Unlike the currently available treatment for multiple sclerosis that suppresses the immune system, guanabenz, an FDA approved the drug for the treatment of high blood pressure, has a potential to reduce the loss of myelin by protecting and repairing myelin-producing cells in the brain from damage. Phase I development is underway in the US.

Chlorprothixene (Taractan, Tarasan, Truxal) is a thioxanthine derivative developed by Lundbeck for the treatment of psychotic disorders. The drug exerts its activity by binding to and inhibiting serotonin receptors, dopamine receptors, muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, histamine H1 receptor and alpha1-adrenergic receptor.

ETRYPTAMINE (MONASE®), similar to the hallucinogenic tryptamines, is an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase, introduced for use as an antidepressant. It was withdrawn from the market due to problems with agranulocytosis and other side effects. However, it's activity is still under scientific investigation.

Paramethasone acetate (a derivative of paramethasone) is a glucocorticoid with the general properties of corticosteroids. It has been used by mouth in the treatment of all conditions in which corticosteroid therapy is indicated except adrenal-deficiency states for which its lack of sodium-retaining properties makes it less suitable than hydrocortisone with supplementary fludrocortisone.

PECAZINE is a phenothiazine derivative that was used as an antipsychotic. It is also an allosteric inhibitor of MALT1 paracaspase activity.

Cortisone is a hormone that is FDA approved for the treatment of primary and secondary adrenocortical deficiency, rheumatic disorders, psoriasis, exfoliative dermatitis, bronchial asthma, allergic conjunctivitis, hemolytic anemia, enteritis, tuberculosis, trichnosis. Cortisone acetate binds to the cytosolic glucocorticoid receptor. After binding the receptor, the newly formed receptor-ligand complex translocates itself into the cell nucleus, where it binds to many glucocorticoid response elements (GRE) in the promoter region of the target genes. The DNA bound receptor then interacts with basic transcription factors, causing the increase in expression of specific target genes. Common adverse reactions include convulsions, increased intracranial pressure with papilledema, vertigo, headache, psychic disturbances, hirsuitism, glaucoma, exophthalmos. Aminoglutethimide may lead to a loss of corticosteroid-induced adrenal suppression. Co-administration of corticosteroids and warfarin usually results in inhibition of response to warfarin, although there have been some conflicting reports. Cortisone is a natural steroid hormone. Its sulfate analog has been detected in in umbilical vein blood fetus plasma between 19 and 32 weeks of gestation with a significant increase at 29-30 weeks and in amniotic fluid. Base on the experiments with rats it was suggested that cortisone sulfate in mammals could be hydrolyzed enzymatically liberating sulfate ions from cortisone. Cortisone sulfate has been proposed for use as one of the glycosaminoglycan compound materials in a cartilage prosthesis and biological nasal bridge implant manufacture as well as auxiliary agent in powder aerosol composition for use in baby powder, dry shampoo, water-eczema remedy and antiperspirant.