Brofoxine is an anxiolytic, useful in the treatment of psychosis.

CP-809101 is a potent, functionally selective 5-HT(2C) agonist that displays approximately 100% efficacy in vitro. CP-809101 has a pharmacological profile similar to that of the atypical antipsychotics with low extrapyramidal symptom liability. CP-809101 was active in novel object recognition, an animal model of cognitive function. It had promising results in animal models of obesity and psychosis.

AC260584 (4-[3-(4-butylpiperidin-1-yl)-propyl]-7-fluoro-4H-benzo[1,4]oxazin-3-one) is a selective muscarinic M1 receptor agonist. The muscarinic M1 receptor agonist property of AC260584 contributes to its enhancement of cortical acetylcholine and dopamine efflux. In animal studies AC-260584 has a behavioral profile consistent with antipsychotic-like efficacy with the potential to improve cognitive performance and shows reduced liability for extrapyramidal symptoms.

Nervonic acid is a long chain unsaturated fatty acid that is enriched in sphingomyelin. It consists of choline, sphingosine, phosphoric acid, and fatty acid. Nervonic acid may enhance the brain functions and prevent demyelination (Chemical Land21). Research shows that there is negative relationship between nervonic acid and obesity-related risk factors. Demyelination in adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is associated with an accumulation of very long chain saturated fatty acids stemming from a genetic defect in the peroxisomal beta oxidation system responsible for the chain shortening of these fatty acids. Sphingolipids from post mortem ALD brain have decreased levels of nervonic acid, 24:1(n-9), and increased levels of stearic acid, 18:0. Nervonic acid (C24:1), a component of membrane sphingolipids and phosphatidylethanolamines, may be a useful predictor of chronic kidney disease mortality and diabetes. Nervonic acid oils are being studied for pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and industrial applications. Nervonic acid is a major component of Lunaria oil. There is increasing evidence that dietary supplementation with nervonic acid is healthy for babies and infants during the early stage of brain development. Nervonic acid has been reported to reduce the shaking associated with Parkinson’s disease and the numbness caused by multiple sclerosis. It also has potential for treating schizophrenia and reducing early Alzheimer’s symptoms.

Mesoridazine (brand name Serentil) is a phenothiazine antipsychotic. It was marketed in the U.S. for the treatment of schizophrenia, behavioral problems in mental deficiency and chronic brain syndrome, alcoholism and psychoneurotic symptoms, such as anxiety and tension. Due to the risk of serious cardiac events the indicated use of Serentil was limited to severely ill schizophrenic patients who fail other therapies. Based upon animal studies, mesoridazine acts indirectly on reticular formation, whereby neuronal activity into reticular formation is reduced without affecting its intrinsic ability to activate the cerebral cortex. Mesoridazine shows a moderate adrenergic blocking activity in vitro and in vivo and antagonizes 5-hydroxytryptamine in vivo.

Chlorprothixene (Taractan, Tarasan, Truxal) is a thioxanthine derivative developed by Lundbeck for the treatment of psychotic disorders. The drug exerts its activity by binding to and inhibiting serotonin receptors, dopamine receptors, muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, histamine H1 receptor and alpha1-adrenergic receptor.

Acetophenazine (Tindal) is an antipsychotic drug of moderate-potency. Used in the treatment of disorganized and psychotic thinking. Acetophenazine (Tindal) is also used to help treat false perceptions (e.g. hallucinations or delusions). Acetophenazine acts as an antagonist of dopaminergic D2 receptors in the brain. Acetophenazine exhibited modest androgen receptor binding and antiandrogen activity.

Triflupromazine is antipsychotic and an antiemetic drug (sold under the brand names VESPRIN) which used to management of psychoses. However, this drug was discontinued. Triflupromazine binds to the dopamine D1 and dopamine D2 receptors and inhibits their activity. Moreover, binds the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (M1 and M2).

Oxypertine (Equipertine, Forit, Integrin, Lanturil, Lotawin, Opertil) is a neuroleptic drug and was originally introduced as a treatment for schizophrenia in the 1960s. Oxypertine is an indole derivative with general properties similar to those of the phenothiazine, chlorpromazine. It has been given by mouth in the treatment of various psychoses including schizophrenia, mania, and disturbed behaviour, and of severe anxiety. Like reserpine and tetrabenazine, oxypertine depletes catecholamines, though not serotonin, possibly underlying its neuroleptic efficacy. The molecular structure is strongly similar to solypertine and milipertine.

Mesoridazine (brand name Serentil) is a phenothiazine antipsychotic. It was marketed in the U.S. for the treatment of schizophrenia, behavioral problems in mental deficiency and chronic brain syndrome, alcoholism and psychoneurotic symptoms, such as anxiety and tension. Due to the risk of serious cardiac events the indicated use of Serentil was limited to severely ill schizophrenic patients who fail other therapies. Based upon animal studies, mesoridazine acts indirectly on reticular formation, whereby neuronal activity into reticular formation is reduced without affecting its intrinsic ability to activate the cerebral cortex. Mesoridazine shows a moderate adrenergic blocking activity in vitro and in vivo and antagonizes 5-hydroxytryptamine in vivo.