Pinacyanol iodide is a fluorescent cationic cyanine dye used to stain biological specimens. It is the obstetric diagnostic aid. The mechanism of tracing with pinacyanol iodide dyes is based on their lipid solubility. Pinacyanol iodide dyes are more efficacious than classical tracing methodologies especially during early stages of development and consequently have been used to reveal the spatiotemporal patterns of axonal development in different species. The unique properties of the pinacyanol iodide dye tracing method have opened up new avenues for tracing connections in human postmortem specimens. Pinacyanol iodide dye tracing is incompatible with alcohol fixation and paraffin embedding of tissue.

Idaverine, a muscarinic M2 receptor antagonist, that didn’t prevent motion sickness of cats. Clinical trials for human have shown that the compound was well tolerated.

FLUMECINOL, a benzhydrol derivative, is a hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing enzyme inducer. It was in clinical development for the treatment of pruritus associated with primary biliary cirrhosis.

Etoxadrol is an NMDA receptor antagonist. It exerts phencyclidine-like properties. Etoxadrol has anticonvulsant and anesthetic activity. Intravenous etoxadrol was clinically tested as an anesthetic.

BI-2536, an inhibitor of Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk-1) was being investigated by Boehringer Ingelheim as a possible treatment for cancer. BI-2536 inhibits Plk1 enzyme activity at low nanomolar concentrations. The compound potently causes a mitotic arrest and induces apoptosis in human cancer cell lines of diverse tissue origin and oncogenome signature. BI-2536 inhibits growth of human tumor xenografts in nude mice and induces regression of large tumors with well-tolerated intravenous dose regimens. In treated tumors, cells arrest in prometaphase, accumulate phosphohistone H3, and contain aberrant mitotic spindles. This mitotic arrest is followed by a surge in apoptosis, detectable by immunohistochemistry and noninvasive optical and magnetic resonance imaging. For addressing the therapeutic potential of Plk1 inhibition, BI-2536 has progressed into clinical studies in patients with locally advanced or metastatic cancers. It underwent phase II clinical studies for the treatment of breast cancer; non-small cell lung cancer; pancreatic cancer; prostate cancer; small cell lung cancer, but these studies were discontinued later.

Carperidine is a 4-phenylpiperidine derivative that is related to the opioid analgesic drug pethidine. Carperidine is not currently used in medicine. Presumably it has similar effects to other opioid derivatives, such as analgesia, sedation, nausea and respiratory depression, however unlike most opioid derivatives it is not specifically listed as an illegal drug, although it is on the drugs and poisons lists of some countries, and would probably be regarded as a controlled substance analogue of pethidine on the grounds of its related chemical structure in some jurisdictions such as the USA, Canada, Australia and New Zealand.

Capuride is a a central nervous systemactive urea derivative of valnoctic acid patented by pharmaceutical company Abbott Laboratories as sedative therapeutic compound with a duration of hypnotic effect similar to that of the short‐acting barbiturates.

Quazodine (also known as MJ-1988) is a quinazoline derivative patented by Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co. as a muscle relaxant. In cats anesthetized with sodium pentobarbitone. Quazodine decreased diastolic blood pressure, peripheral vascular resistance, systolic ejection time and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure in cats. Heart rate, cardiac effort, output, and external work and left ventricular dP/dt were markedly increased. In the intact dog, as well as in the heart-lung preparation., the stimulant action on the force of myocardial contraction was accompanied by increases in coronary blood flow, pulmonary vasodilation, and bronchodilation. Administration of larger doses caused depression of cardiac function and initiated cardiac arrhythmias.

Cartazolate (also known as SQ-65,396) is GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulator with potent anxiolytic activity proven in clinical trials. Cartazolate is also known to act as an adenosine antagonist at the A1 and A2 subtypes and as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor.