Sulfamethazine is a sulfonamide used to treat a variety of bacterial diseases in animals. It inhibits bacterial synthesis of dihydrofolic acid by competing with para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) for binding to dihydropteroate synthetase (dihydrofolate synthetase).

Methapyrilene is an antihistamine and anticholinergic of the pyridine chemical class which was developed in the early 1950s. It was sold under the trade names Co-Pyronil and Histadyl EC. It has relatively strong sedative effects, to the extent that its primary use was as a medication for insomnia rather than for its antihistamine action. Together with scopolamine, it was the main ingredient in Sominex, Nytol, and Sleep-Eze. It also provided the sedative component of Excedrin PM. Manufacturers voluntarily withdrew methapyrilineb drug products from the market in May and June 1979, when methapyrilene was demonstrated to cause liver cancer in rats when given chronically.

Octodrine is a stimulant that is structurally similar to amphetamine and is included in several so-called “pre-workout” and “fat-burning” supplements. Octodrine, has a history of use as a pharmaceutical drug. It was originally developed in the United States as an aerosolized treatment for bronchitis, laryngitis and other conditions Initially approved by the FDA in 1946 as Eskay’s Oralator, this inhaler appeared only in the 1949 edition of the Physicians’ Desk Reference. Octodrine was combined with several other medications, including theophylline, 3-octopamine, and adenosine, in multi-ingredient tablets sold between the early 1960s through the mid-2000s under the trade names Ambredin, Ordinal, Ordinal Retard and Ordinal Forte. Some proponents say octodrine is a safer alternative to other stimulants like ephedra and Dimethylamylamine (DMAA), but there is no scientific information to support this claim. Originally developed in the early 1950’s as a remedy to nasal congestion and as a possible anti-tumor drug, Octodrine has resurfaced as a key ingredient in dietary supplements for its stimulant and thermogenic benefits.

Octodrine is a stimulant that is structurally similar to amphetamine and is included in several so-called “pre-workout” and “fat-burning” supplements. Octodrine, has a history of use as a pharmaceutical drug. It was originally developed in the United States as an aerosolized treatment for bronchitis, laryngitis and other conditions Initially approved by the FDA in 1946 as Eskay’s Oralator, this inhaler appeared only in the 1949 edition of the Physicians’ Desk Reference. Octodrine was combined with several other medications, including theophylline, 3-octopamine, and adenosine, in multi-ingredient tablets sold between the early 1960s through the mid-2000s under the trade names Ambredin, Ordinal, Ordinal Retard and Ordinal Forte. Some proponents say octodrine is a safer alternative to other stimulants like ephedra and Dimethylamylamine (DMAA), but there is no scientific information to support this claim. Originally developed in the early 1950’s as a remedy to nasal congestion and as a possible anti-tumor drug, Octodrine has resurfaced as a key ingredient in dietary supplements for its stimulant and thermogenic benefits.

MERALLURIDE ACID is an organomercuric compound. It was used as a diuretic in a 1:1 mixture with theophylline.

Phenpromethamine is an adrenergic agent. Phenpromethamine was used as vasodilator agent. It is a stimulant which is banned in sport. It is available in supplements which are sold as fat burners or pre-workout boosters. Phenpromethamine is a potent CYP2D6 inhibitor.

Benzethonium chloride, also known as hyamine, is a synthetic quaternary ammonium salt. It has surfactant, antiseptic, and anti-infective properties and it is used as a topical antimicrobial agent in first aid antiseptics. It is also found in cosmetics and toiletries such as mouthwashes, anti-itch ointments, and antibacterial moist towelettes. Benzethonium chloride exhibits a broad spectrum of microbiocidal activity against bacteria, fungi, mold and viruses. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) specifies that the safe and effective concentrations for benzethonium chloride are 0.1-0.2% in first aid products. Aqueous solutions of benzethonium chloride are not absorbed through the skin. It is not approved in the US or Europe for use as a food additive. Being a quaternary ammonium salt, it is more toxic than negatively charged surfactants. However, in a two-year study on rats, there was no evidence of carcinogenic activity. Benzethonium chloride was characterized as a novel anticancer compound possessing both in vitro and in vivo efficacy justifying further investigation.

Benzethonium chloride, also known as hyamine, is a synthetic quaternary ammonium salt. It has surfactant, antiseptic, and anti-infective properties and it is used as a topical antimicrobial agent in first aid antiseptics. It is also found in cosmetics and toiletries such as mouthwashes, anti-itch ointments, and antibacterial moist towelettes. Benzethonium chloride exhibits a broad spectrum of microbiocidal activity against bacteria, fungi, mold and viruses. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) specifies that the safe and effective concentrations for benzethonium chloride are 0.1-0.2% in first aid products. Aqueous solutions of benzethonium chloride are not absorbed through the skin. It is not approved in the US or Europe for use as a food additive. Being a quaternary ammonium salt, it is more toxic than negatively charged surfactants. However, in a two-year study on rats, there was no evidence of carcinogenic activity. Benzethonium chloride was characterized as a novel anticancer compound possessing both in vitro and in vivo efficacy justifying further investigation.

Benzethonium chloride, also known as hyamine, is a synthetic quaternary ammonium salt. It has surfactant, antiseptic, and anti-infective properties and it is used as a topical antimicrobial agent in first aid antiseptics. It is also found in cosmetics and toiletries such as mouthwashes, anti-itch ointments, and antibacterial moist towelettes. Benzethonium chloride exhibits a broad spectrum of microbiocidal activity against bacteria, fungi, mold and viruses. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) specifies that the safe and effective concentrations for benzethonium chloride are 0.1-0.2% in first aid products. Aqueous solutions of benzethonium chloride are not absorbed through the skin. It is not approved in the US or Europe for use as a food additive. Being a quaternary ammonium salt, it is more toxic than negatively charged surfactants. However, in a two-year study on rats, there was no evidence of carcinogenic activity. Benzethonium chloride was characterized as a novel anticancer compound possessing both in vitro and in vivo efficacy justifying further investigation.

Desoxycorticosterone pivalate (DOCP) is a mineralocorticoid hormone and an analog of desoxycorticosterone. DOCP is a long-acting ester of desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) which is recognized as having the same qualitative effects as the natural mineralocorticoid hormone aldosterone. It’s used as Percorten-V for replacement therapy for the mineralocorticoid deficit in dogs with primary adrenocortical insufficiency. Percorten-V is only available in the U.S., Canada, Australia and recently, Denmark. Percorten was originally developed for the treatment of Addison's disease in humans but the demand for it decreased significantly once Florinef was available. Unaware that their product was being prescribed “off-label” for the treatment of canine Addison’s Disease and faced with a decreased demand for Percorten, the manufacturer *almost* discontinued production until the veterinary community rose up and voiced their distress. Field trials were run and the FDA approved the use of Percorten-V (the "v" is for veterinary). DOCP like other adrenocorticoid hormones is thought to act by controlling the rate of synthesis of proteins. It reacts with receptor proteins in the cytoplasm to form a steroid-receptor complex. This complex moves into the nucleus, where it binds to chromatin that result in genetic transcription of cellular DNA to messenger RNA. The steroid hormones appear to induce transcription and synthesis of specific proteins, which produce the physiologic effects seen after administration. The most important effect of DOCP is to increase the rate of renal tubular absorption of sodium. This effect is seen most intensely in the thick portion of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle. It also increases sodium absorption in the proximal convoluted tubule but this effect is less important in sodium retention. Chloride follows the sodium out of the renal tubule. Another important effect of DOCP is enhanced renal excretion of potassium. This effect is driven by the resorption of sodium that pulls potassium from the extracellular fluid into the renal tubules, thus promoting potassium excretion.