U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

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Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)



A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant whose mechanism of action is not completely understood but may be related to its sedative actions. Carisoprodol is indicated for the relief of discomfort associated with acute, painful musculoskeletal conditions in adults. Most common adverse reactions (incidence > 2%) are drowsiness, dizziness, and headache. Carisoprodol might be mixtured with Aspirin and Codeine Phosphate. Studies indicating increased risk of abuse or addiction led to withdrawal of the drug from the market in Norway and other EU countries in 2008.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
First approved in 1951
Source:
Kwell by Reed & Carnrick
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)



Lindane is an isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane that has been used both as an agricultural insecticide and as a pharmaceutical. As a shampoo, lindane is used for treamtment lice infestation. Lindane lotion is used for treatment of scabies. Due to toxicities, associated with lindane, it is used only in patients who cannot tolerate or have failed first-line treatment with safer medication. Lindane exerts its parasiticidal action by being directly absorbed into the parasites and their ova, where it interferes with GABA neurotransmitter function by interacting with the GABAA channel complex at the picrotoxin binding site.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
DEPAS by Yoshitomi Pharmaceutical Industries
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)



Etizolam is an analogue of benzodiazepine that contains thienotriazolodiazepine group. The drug was developed and approved in Japan and now is used in Japan, Italy and India for the treatment of anxiety disorders. Etizolam exerts its action through activation of GABA A receptors, moreover, the agonistic behavior was shown on isolated neurons. There are several cases when etizolam dependence was reported. In many countries the drug is recognized as a psychoactive substance and its distribution is illegal there.