Amineptine is a selective inhibitor of dopamine reuptake. The drug was developed in France and was marketed for the treatment of depressive disorders under the name Survector among the others. Amineptine was withdrawn from the French market in 1999 because of abuse and drug dependence and because of its hepatic (cholestatic injuries) and cutaneous (acne) adverse effects.

Bambuterol is an active precursor of the selective beta2-adrenergic agonist terbutaline. Bambuterol is the bis-N,N-dimethyl-carbamate of terbutaline. Bambuterol is a remarkably selective and potent inhibitor of cholinesterase. BAMBEC (Bambuterol hydrochloride) oral solution or tablets are indicated for the management of asthma, bronchospasm and/or reversible airways obstruction.

Prenylamine, a slow Ca2+ channel blocker, was used to treat patients with angina pectoris, but because of the QT prolongation, this drug was withdrawn from the market. Prenylamine binds to calmodulin section and inhibits myosin light chain kinase.

Azidocillin is a narrow-spectrum, semisynthetic penicillin derivative with antibacterial activity towards Grain-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms, including Haemophilus influenze, against which it is as effective as ampicillin. Azidocillin binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall. Inactivation of PBPs interferes with the cross-linkage of peptidoglycan chains necessary for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity. This interrupts bacterial cell wall synthesis and results in the weakening of the bacterial cell wall, eventually causing cell lysis. Azidocillin can be applied in the treatment of inflammation of upper airways, middle ear, sinuses, throat, larynx and palatine tonsils. The substance is excreted with urine in 50-70% in the unchan¬ged form. It binds to the blood plasma proteins in 84%, and its half-life period is 30 min. The side effects are similar as those of benzylpenicillin but occur less frequently.

Alexidine dihydrochloride, an antibacterial compound, which is used during endodontic procedures. It is a dibiguanide ahent and is effective inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatases localized to mitochondrion 1 (PTPMT1). It was noted that PTPMT1 could serve as a pharmacological target in the treatment of type II diabetes. Alexidine dihydrochloride is also an apoptosis-promoting agent possessing the anticancer properties.

Vaniprevir (MK-7009) is an non-covalent competitive macrocyclic inhibitor of Hepatitis C virus NS3/4A protease genotype 1a and 1b proteases at subnanomolar concentrations with modestly shifted potency against genotype 2a and 2b proteases at low nanomolar concentrations. Merck & Co. developed vaniprevir in combination with standard therapy for the twice-daily treatment of hepatitis C virus infections. The product has been launched in Japan under name VANIHEP, and Merck reported in its 2014 annual report that the product will only be available in this region.

Mitoguazone is a guanylhydrazone derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Mitoguazone inhibits S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase (SAMD), an enzyme involved in the synthesis of polyamines, resulting in a decreased proliferation of tumor cells, antimitochondrial effects, and p53-independent apoptosis. In the 1960s the drug was investigated in clinical trials. Despite the responses in acute leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, head and neck cancer, esophageal cancer and other types of cancer, the development of the drug was discontinued because of marked myelosuppression and mucositis. Using a weekly schedule of administration, mitoguazone had minimal toxicity and showed limited activity in patients with lymphoma, esophageal cancer, prostate cancer, and other types of tumors.

Umifenovir or arbidol (ethyl-6-bromo-4-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-5-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-[(phenylthio)methyl]-indole-3-carboxylate hydrochloride monohydrate) is a Russian-made potent broad-spectrum antiviral with demonstrated activity against a number of enveloped and non-enveloped viruses.For both viral infections the anti-viral mechanism involves umifenovir inhibition of virus-mediated fusion with target membrane and a resulting block of virus entry into target cells. Arbidol was shown to have effects on nonspecific defense factors, on its capacity to induce interferon and activate phagocytes in particular. Arbidol-treated patients with lower baseline immunity showed improvement in immunological parameters (in the counts of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, in the levels of serum immunoglobulins). Arbidol produces a high preventive and therapeutical effects in influenza A and B and other acute respiratory viral infections, prevents postinfluenza complications, reduces the incidence of exacerbations of chronic diseases in postinfluenza patients. In influenza, the therapeutical efficiency of the drug appears as decreases in intoxication, the severity of catarrhal syndrome, shorter fever and disease in general. Arbidol is beneficial for patients with secondary immunodeficiency, in those with recurrent herpes infection or chronic bronchitis.

Sulfabromomethazine is a long-acting derivative of sulfamezathine that is used in the poultry, swine and cattle industries for the treatment of coccidiosis and various bacterial infections. Single oral doses of the drug have been used to treat calf diphteria and pneumonia, metritis, foot root and septic mastitis in cattle with repeated dose 48 hors later sometimes required. Use of sulfabromomethazine during the last 3 months of pregnancy should be avoided. The compound is now rarely used.

Ethamsylate (2,5-dihydroxy-benzene-sulfonate diethylammonium salt) is a synthetic hemostatic drug indicated in cases of capillary bleeding. Ethamsylate acts on the first step of hemostasis by improving platelet adhesiveness and restoring capillary resistance. In addition it inhibits prostaglandin biosynthesis. Well-controlled clinical trials clearly showed the therapeutic efficacy of ethamsylate in dysfunctional uterine bleeding, with the magnitude of blood-loss reduction being directly proportional to the severity of the menorrhagia. Other well-controlled clinical trials showed therapeutic efficacy of ethamsylate in periventricular hemorrhage in very low birth weight babies and surgical or postsurgical capillary bleeding.