Beclabuvir (previously known as BMS-791325), a potent, non-nucleoside inhibitor of the HCV NS5B RNA polymerase. In combination with daclatasvir and asunaprevir drug participates in clinical trials phase III for patients infected with HCV genotype 1, which is the most common genotype worldwide. Recently published data has shown that this combination achieved very high rates of viral eradication.

Benzoclidine (Oxylidin) exerts tranquilizing and hypotensive actions. It reduces the excitability of the central nervous system, enhances the effect of hypnotic drugs, analgesics and local anesthetics, has a moderate antihypertensive effect, reduces the excitability of the vasomotor centers, has anti-arrhythmic activity. Benzoclidine is marke indicated for the treatment of anxiety and depression of various origins (particularly mild expressed and associated with cerebrovascular insufficiency), neurosis, personality disorder, cyclothymia, hypertension with cerebral disorders, sinus tachycardia, paroxysmal tachycardia.

Gastrodin is the main bioactive component of Gastrodia elata Blume (G. elata). Tian Ma Su Zhu She Ye (contains Gastrodin) It is an extensively used in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine, to treat neurasthenia, neurasthenia syndrome, angioneurotic headache disorder, traumatic brain syndrome, vertigo meniere disease, medicinal with dizziness, vertigo, sudden deafness, vestibular neuronitis, vertebral basilar artery blood supply deficiency, etc. Apart from traditional claims, scientific reports support the antioxidative, anticonvulsive, antiinflammatory, antiepileptic, antiobesity, anxiolytic, and learning and memory improvements in activities of gastrodin

Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), an endogenous intermediary metabolite in the Krebs cycle, is a molecule involved in multiple metabolic and cellular pathways. As an intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, AKG is essential for the oxidation of fatty acids, amino acids, and glucose. Extracellular AKG is a significant source of energy for cells of the gastrointestinal tract. As a precursor for the synthesis of glutamate and glutamine in multiple tissues (including liver, skeletal muscle, heart, brain, and white adipose tissue), AKG bridges carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism for both conservation of amino acids and ammonia detoxification. Additionally, emerging evidence shows that AKG is a regulator of gene expression and cell signaling pathways (including the mammalian target of rapamycin and AMPactivated protein kinase). Thus, AKG is an attractive dietary supplement in animal and human nutrition to improve cellular energy status, immunity, and health.AKG can decrease protein catabolism and increase protein synthesis to enhance bone tissue formation in the skeletal muscles and can be used in clinical applications. In addition to these health benefits, a recent study has shown that AKG can extend the lifespan of adult Caenorhabditis elegans by inhibiting ATP synthase and TOR. Orally, AKG is used for kidney disease, gastrointestinal disorders, bacterial overgrowth, intestinal toxemia, liver dysfunction, and chronic candidiasis. It is also used for improving peak athletic performance, improving amino acid metabolism in hemodialysis patients, and cataracts. Intravenously, AKG is used for preventing ischemic injury during heart surgery, improving renal blood flow after heart surgery, and preventing muscle protein depletion after surgery or trauma.

Indoprofen is one of several NSAIDs that have been withdrawn from the market due to causing severe gastrointestinal bleeding. The UK Licensing Authority suspended the product license on grounds of safety in 1983 and in 1984 the Italian manufacturers decided to withdraw it from the world market. The UK decision was taken because there was a high rate of adverse drug reactions in a voluntary postmarketing surveillance study and the spontaneous adverse reaction reporting system had noted 217 serious adverse effects, mainly gastrointestinal bleeding and perforation.

ISOSPAGLUMIC ACID is used as an antiallergic agent.

Altizide, a thiazide diuretic, and aldosterone antagonist, in combination with spironolactone was marketed under brand name Aldactazine to treat patients with mild to moderate hypertension. In addition, Aldactazine was investigated for the treatment of congestive cardiac insufficiency.

Altizide, a thiazide diuretic, and aldosterone antagonist, in combination with spironolactone was marketed under brand name Aldactazine to treat patients with mild to moderate hypertension. In addition, Aldactazine was investigated for the treatment of congestive cardiac insufficiency.

Eseridine (Geneserine) has been known for many years as an anticholinergic agent and used in therapy as a gastrointestinal antispastic. Eseridine salicylate is an inhibitor of cholinesterase activity that has been given by mouth in preparations for dyspepsia and other gastric disorders. It has also been studied for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.

Diphenyleneiodonium chloride is an irreversible inhibitor of nitric oxide synthases, iNOS and eNOS, NADPH cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase and inhibits preferentially the plasma membrane NADH oxidase (NOX) activity. Diphenyleneiodonium chloride exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against non-tuberculous mycobacteria and possesses a potentially new mechanism of action. Besides, experiments on diabetic animal models have shown, that diphenyleneiodonium mitigates sciatic nerve damage by attenuating oxidative stress.