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Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
3-Nitro 20
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
4-Hydroxy-3-nitrobenzenearsonic acid (commonly 3-Nitro, or its generic, Roxarsone) was a FDA approved for increased rate of weight gain, improved feed efficiency, and improved pigmentation for growing chickens and growing turkeys. For increased rate of weight gain and improved feed efficiency for growing-finishing swine. Roxarsone is marketed as 3-Nitro by Zoetis, a former subsidiary of Pfizer now a publicly traded company. 3-Nitro is indicated for combination use with certain other medications as an effective aid in the prevention of coccidiosis, the most common infection in poultry. Roxarsone promotes angiogenesis in vivo, and a VEGF/VEGFR mechanism may be involved. In September 2013, the FDA announced that Zoetis and Fleming Laboratories would voluntarily withdraw current roxarsone, arsanilic acid, and carbarsone approvals, leaving only nitarsone approvals in place. In 2015 FDA withdraw the approval of using nitarsone in animal feeds. The ban will came into effect at the end of 2015. Roxarsone is banned in the European Union.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Unknown
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Acetomenaphthane, A vitamin K analogue used to treat and prevent hypoprothrombinemia caused by vitamin K deficiency. Also called menadiol diacetate. Hypoprothrombinemia is a blood disorder in which a deficiency of prothrombin results in impaired blood clotting, leading to an increased physiological risk for bleeding, especially in the gastrointestinal system, cranial vault, and superficial integumentary system.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Disophenol is a drug used in veterinary medicine recommended for use in
the treatment of dogs infested with hook worms (Ancylostoma caninum, A. braziliense and Uncinuriu stenocephala) and cats infested
with the hookworm A. tubaeforme.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Paroxypropione (brand names Frenantol, Frenormon, Hypophenon, Paroxon, Possipione, Profenone is a synthetic, non-steroidal estrogen that has been used medically as an antigonadotropin in Spain and Italy. Paroxypropione was first synthesized in 1902. Its antigonadotropic properties were discovered in 1951 and it entered clinical use shortly thereafter. Paroxypropione is a product from the oxidative splitting of stilbestrol, with a low degree of estrogenicity, has been found a valuable drug for checking the growth of lung metastases secondary to certain malignant tumors such as chorionepitheliomas or nephrobiastomas. As the drug possesses relatively low affinity for the estrogen receptor and must be given at high dosages to achieve significant estrogenic and antigonadotropic action.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
NCT00702117: Phase 4 Interventional Completed Atrial Fibrillation
(2008)
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Ajmaline, (also known by trade names Gilurytmal, Ritmos, and Aritmina) is an alkaloid found in the root of Rauwolfia serpentina, among other plant sources. It is a class Ia antiarrhythmic agent that apparently acts by changing the shape and threshold of cardiac action potentials. The class I antiarrhythmic agents interfere with the sodium channel. A class IA agent lengthens the action potential (right shift) which brings about improvement in abnormal heart rhythms. This drug in particular has a high affinity for the Nav 1.5 sodium channel. Ajmaline produces potent sodium channel blocking effects and a very short half-life which makes it a very useful drug for acute intravenous treatments. The drug has been very popular in some countries for the treatment of atrial fibrillation in patients with the Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome and in well tolerated monomorphic ventricular tachycardias. It has also been used for many years as a drug to challenge the conduction system of the heart in cases of bundle branch block and syncope. In these cases, abnormal prolongation of the HV interval has been taken as a proof for infrahisian conduction defects tributary for permanent pacemaker implantation. Ajmaline is used as an antiarrhythmic agent.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Endotine by Walkoff, O.
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Parachlorophenol is a disinfectant effective against most gram-negative organisms, it is currently used in endodontic therapy in a 35 per cent concentration as camphorated parachlorophenol for the disinfection of root canals. It is marketed under the brand name Endotine in France.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Moclobemide ia an antidepressant that acts on the monoaminergic cerebral neurotransmitter system by reversibly inhibiting monoamine oxidase, primarily type A (RIMA). The metabolism of noradrenaline, dopamine and serotonin is thereby reduced, resulting in increased extracellular concentrations of these neurotransmitters. Increase in the level of serotonin is the most pronounced. Moclobemide administration also leads to increased monoamine receptor stimulation, reversal of reserpine induced behavioral effects, selective depression of the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, down regulation of beta-adrenoceptors and increases in plasma prolactin and growth hormone levels. It reduces scopolamine-induced performance decrement and alcohol induced performance deficit which suggest a neuroprotective role. Moclobemide is indicated for the treatment of major depressive episodes.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2014)
Source:
NDA021883
(2014)
Source URL:
First approved in 2014
Source:
NDA021883
Source URL:
Class:
MIXTURE
Targets:
Dalbavancin is a second-generation lipoglycopeptide antibiotic that was designed to improve on the natural glycopeptides currently available, such as vancomycin and teicoplanin. Modifications from these older glycoprotein classes allowed a similar mechanism of action with increased activity and once weekly dosing. Its use is indicated for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) caused by the following gram-positive microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus (including methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant strains), S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae, and S. anginosus group (including S. anginosus, S. intermedius, and S. constellatus). Under the brand name DALVANCE Dalbavancin is indicated for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) caused by designated susceptible strains of Gram-positive microorganisms. The bactericidal action of dalbavancin results primarily from inhibition of cell-wall biosynthesis. Specifically, dalbavancin prevents incorporation of N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)- and N-acetylglucosamine (NAG)-peptide subunits from being incorporated into the peptidoglycan matrix; which forms the major structural component of Gram-positive cell walls. The large hydrophilic molecule is able to form hydrogen bond interactions with the terminal D-alanyl-D-alanine moieties of the NAM/NAG-peptides, which is normally a five-point interaction. Binding of dalbavancin to the D-Ala-D-Ala prevents the incorporation of the NAM/NAG-peptide subunits into the peptidoglycan matrix. In addition, dalbavancin alters bacterial-cell-membrane permeability and RNA synthesis.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2011)
Source:
NDA022408
(2011)
Source URL:
First approved in 2011
Source:
NDA022408
Source URL:
Class:
MIXTURE
Conditions:
Spinosad is a natural mixture of pediculicidal tetracyclic macrolides—spinosyn A and spinosyn D in the ratio of 5:1. It is derived from species of actinomycetes bacteria - Saccharopolyspora spinosa and is a bacterial waste product produced by fermentation on a nutrient food source. It has since long been used as a pesticide and classified by the US Environment Protection Agency as a reduced risk pesticide product. Spinosad has a high level of efficacy for lepidopteran larvae, as well as some Diptera, Coleoptera, Thysanoptera, and Hymenoptera, but has limited to no activity to other insects and exhibits low toxicity to mammals and other wildlife. Spinosad overstimulates nerve cells by prolonging electrical impulse across synapses by acting like acetylcholine. After periods of hyperexcitation, lice become paralyzed and die. Recently, FDA has approved the topical suspension of spinosad 0.9% for treatment of head lice infestation in patients four years of age and older. It is both pediculicidal and ovicidal.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2012)
Source:
ANDA091358
(2012)
Source URL:
First approved in 2002
Source:
ELOXATIN by SANOFI AVENTIS US
Source URL:
Class:
MIXTURE
Targets:
Oxaliplatin (brand name Eloxatin), a new generation of platinum derivatives discovered by Prof Kidani in 1976 at Nagoya University in Japan, was licensed-in and developed by Debiopharm. Eloxatin is typically administered in combination with fluorouracil and leucovorin for the adjuvant treatment of stage III colon cancer and for the treatment of advanced carcinoma of the colon or rectum. Oxaliplatin undergoes nonenzymatic conversion in physiologic solutions to active derivatives via displacement of the labile oxalate ligand. Several transient reactive species are formed, including monoaquo and diaquo 1,2-diaminocyclohexane (DACH) platinum, which covalently bind with macromolecules. Both inter- and intrastrand Pt-DNA crosslinks are formed. Crosslinks are formed between the N7 positions of two adjacent guanines (GG), adjacent adenine-guanines (AG), and guanines separated by an intervening nucleotide (GNG). These crosslinks inhibit DNA replication and transcription. Cytotoxicity is cell-cycle nonspecific.