Eptaplatin (also known as Heptaplatin) is a third-generation platinum antitumor drug, which has been approved for the clinical treatment of advanced gastric cancer in Korea. Although the anticancer mechanism of eptaplatin has not been studied well, it is supposed to be similar to that of cisplatin and oxaliplatin. Eptaplatin may bind to DNA to form various types of adducts, thus leading to cell death.

Eptazocine is an opioid analgesic which was introduced in 1987 by Morishita in Japan . It acts as a mixed κappa opioid receptor agonist and mu-opioid receptor antagonist.

Pyrithione zinc is an antibacterial and antifungal agent. Because of its antifungal properties, it is commonly found in dandruff shampoo. Products containing pyrithione zinc are available today with and without prescription, and it is the main ingredient in many over-the-counter creams, lotions, soaps, and shampoos. It also has antibacterial properties and is effective against many pathogens from the Streptococcus and Staphylococcus genera. Pyrithione zinc`s other medical applications include treatments of psoriasis, eczema, ringworm, fungus, athletes foot, dry skin, atopic dermatitis, tinea, and vitiligo. It was shown that Pyrithione zinc inhibits fungal growth through increased cellular levels of copper, damaging iron-sulphur clusters of proteins essential for fungal metabolism.

Trifluomeprazine is a sedative and hypnotic, it was used in veterinary medicine under the brand name Nortran. Withdrawn from the market.

Triflusal (trade names Disgren, Grendis, Aflen, Triflux, ets) is a member of the salicylate family with a well-established platelet aggregation inhibitory profile that differs from that of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. Triflusal irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 through its potency is lower than that of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Triflusal shows potent inhibition of vascular prostacyclin synthesis, and weak inhibition of platelet phosphodiesterase. Triflusal also favors the production of NO and increases the concentration of cyclic nucleotides. A number of experimental and clinical studies have shown that triflusal is a potentially useful choice in the treatment and prophylaxis of brain ischemia because of its antithrombogenic as well as neuroprotective effects. Triflusal anti-thrombogenic properties have been demonstrated clinically and experimentally, while its neuroprotective effects have been shown only in animal models. Triflusal is administered orally. It Is absorbed primarily in the small intestines and its bioavailability in humans ranges from 83% to 100%. Once absorbed, 99% of triflusal binds to plasma proteins in experimental animals as well as in humans. Triflusal readily crosses organic barriers, but its blood levels are always higher than tissue levels. Upon passage through the liver, triflusal is deacetylated, forming 2-hydroxy-4-trifluoro-methyl-benzoicacid (HTB) as the main active metabolite. Triflusal inhibits platelet aggregation and interaction of platelets with subendothelium. The antiplatelet effect of triflusal has been documented in experimental animals and in humans, in in vitro and ex vivo studies, and in in vivo models of thrombogenesis in animals. Triflusal inhibited collagen- or arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma more effectively than ADP-induced platelet aggregation. Independently of its antithrombotic effect, triflusal acts directly on the nervous tissue to reduce the damage caused by ischemic or cytotoxic insults. The daily oral intake of 600 mg triflusal led to HTB levels in the cerebrospinal fluid that had neuroprotective effects in experimental animals. Traditionally, antiplatelet drugs have been associated with an increased risk of bleeding complications.

Tropisetron (Tropisetron-AFT) is a potent and selective serotonin 3 (5-hydroxytryptamine3; 5-HT3) receptor antagonist with antiemetic properties, probably mediated via antagonism of receptors both at peripheral sites and in the central nervous system. Surgery and treatment with certain substances, including some chemotherapeutic agents, may trigger the release of serotonin from enterochromaffin-like cells in the visceral mucosa and initiate the emesis reflex and its accompanying feeling of nausea. Tropisetron (Tropisetron-AFT) selectively blocks the excitation of the presynaptic 5-HT3 receptors of the peripheral neurons in this reflex, and may exert additional direct actions within the CNS on 5-HT3 receptors mediating the actions of vagal input to the area postrema.

Pempidine is a nicotinic antagonist most commonly used as an experimental tool. It has been used as a ganglionic blocker in the treatment of hypertension but has largely been supplanted for that purpose by more specific drugs. In preclinical models Pempidine blocks the effects of intravenous nicotine and of peripheral vagal stimulation on the blood pressure; it also causes dilatation of the pupil after removal of the sympathetic innervation. On the guinea-pig ileum, the predominant effect of the compound is to inhibit nicotine contractions. Pempidineis well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract as judged by (a) the low ratio (6.9) of oral to intravenous toxicities, (b) the rapid development of mydriasis in mice after oral administration of small doses, and (c) the rapid onset of hypotension when the compound is injected directly into the duodenum of anaesthetized cats. Other actions include neuromuscular paralysis of curare-like type when large doses of the compound are injected intravenously and central effects such as tremors which occur with near toxic doses. In cats with a low blood pressure, large intravenous doses have a slight pressor action.

Binifibrate is an anti-arteriosclerotic and hypolipidaemic agent. It was used under the name Biniwas in patients with hyperlipidemia, however, it is currently withdrawn from the market.

Bilastine is a new second generation H1-antihistamine recently approved for the symptomatic treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) and chronic urticaria (CU). Bilastine is an H1 receptor inverse agonist. Bilastine also exerts anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the release of histamine, IL-4 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α from human mast cells and granulocytes. Common side effects are headache and drowsiness.

Fenclofenac (Flenac) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug previously used in rheumatism. Fenclofenac was shown to possess anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antipyretic properties. Flenac is an acetic acid nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Flenac is used to treat pain, dysmenorrhea, ocular inflammation, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and actinic keratosis. It has mild immunosuppressive effects and may displace thyroid hormone from its binding protein. The antiinflammatory effects of Flenac are believed to be due to inhibition of both leukocyte migration and the enzyme cylooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2), leading to the peripheral inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. As prostaglandins sensitize pain receptors, inhibition of their synthesis is responsible for the analgesic effects of Flenac. Antipyretic effects may be due to action on the hypothalamus, resulting in peripheral dilation, increased cutaneous blood flow, and subsequent heat dissipation. Fenclofenac, despite passing animal toxicity tests in 10 animal species (mice, rats, guinea pigs, ferrets, rabbits, cats, dogs, pigs, horses, and monkeys), produced severe liver toxicity in humans. Due to its side effects it was withdrawn from the UK in 1984.