Mazindol was developed as an appetite suppressant. It exists in a dynamic equilibrium between three isomers (the keto and the R and S–ol forms, respectively) with the R or S–ol being the only relevant forms at physiologic pH. Both S- and R-mazindol supposed to target human serotonin and dopamine transporters. R-mazindol is the biologically relevant enantiomer.

(–)-Blebbistatin is the active enantiomer of (±)-Blebbistatin that accounts for the inhibitory activity towards ATPase and myosin II-dependent cellular processes. It is of great interest because it is specific for certain myosin isoforms: (–)-Blebbistatin potently inhibit the actomyosin ATPase activities of expressed nonmuscle myosin IIA, nonmuscle myosin IIB, rabbit skeletal muscle myosin II, and D. discoideum myosin II, but does not inhibit smooth muscle myosin II, nor myosins from classes I, V or X. Blebbistatin binds within the apex of the myosin cleft at the opposite end of the ‘phosphate tube’ from MgADP–vanadate.

β-k-Strophanthin belongs to the class of K-Strophantidin compounds which are found in species of the genus Strophanthus. It is the aglycone of k-strophanthin, an analog of ouabain. k-strophanthin is found in the ripe seeds of Strophanthus kombé and in the lily Convallaria. Pharmacological information related usage of k-Strophanthin-β in human organism is limited.

Bakankosin is found in the seeds of Strychnos vacacoua (Loganiaceae), called bakanko in Madagascar.

Ergocristine is an alkoloid originally isolated from Iberian ergot. In the rat, ergocristine acts as an alpha 2-adrenoceptors agonist, and an alpha 1-adrenoceptors antagonist. It is able to regulate glutamate uptake and dopamine release. Ergocristine is controlled as a list I chemical of because it is considered as a chemical precursor used in the illicit manufacture of lysergic acid diethylamide,

Ecdysone is the steroidal prohormone of the major insect moulting hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone. It groups with its homologues the steroidal molting hormones in arthropods, but they also occur in other phyla (Invertebrates and Tunicates) where they can play different roles. Ecdysone receptor (EcR), functions as a receptor for the ecdysteroid molting hormones of insects. Since ecdysone administration has no apparent effect on mammals, its use for regulating genes should be excellent for transient inducible expression of any gene in transgenic mice and for gene therapy.

Tenovin-1 was discovered and characterized as a bioactive small-molecule activator of p53 that. It was shown, tenovin-1 inhibited the activities of human SirT1 and SirT2, two members of the NAD+-dependent class III histone deacetylases that also belong to the sirtuin family. At 10 µM, it elevates p53 expression in MCF-7 cells within two hours of treatment and longer-term exposure significantly decreases the growth of BL2 Burkitt’s lymphoma and ARN8 melanoma cells. While tenovin-1 demonstrates low genotoxicity, the compound has poor water solubility, which limits its uses in vivo.

FG-9041 (6,7-Dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dion or DNQX) is an antagonist of non-NMDA glutamate (AMPA and kainate) receptor. FG-9041 is used in molecular biology to identify the properties of different types of channels. In addition, experiments in rats have shown that DNQX reduces electroconvulsive shock-induced impairment of learning-memory.

Ergosterol (9alpha: 10beat isomer), lumisterol (9beta: 10alpha isomer), isopyrocalciferol (9beta: 10beta isomer) and pyrocalciferol (9alpha: 10alpha isomer) are all epimers of one another at C-9 and C-10. Isopyrocalciferol and pyrocalciferol are products of over-radiation of the provitamin D. These steroids don’t have biological activity since they are not steroids.

Potassium and zinc sulfate can reduce negative effects of drought stress on grain yield and its components.