KMD-3241 (Dehydro Silodosin) is a silodosin metabolite (also known as an impurity of Silodosin). Silodosin is a selective antagonsit of alpha-1a adrenergic receptor which was developed by Kissei Pharmaceutical and approved by FDA under the name Rapaflo for the treatment of signs and symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia. The affnities of silodosin metabolites, KMD-3241, KMD-3289 and KMD-3295, for alpha1A-AR subtype receptor were equal to or lower than that of silodosin.

The D-isomer of melphalan, known as medphalan, is less active against certain animal tumors and the dose needed to produce effects on chromosomes is larger than that required with the L-isomer.

BAY 60-7550, a selective phosphodiesterase type 2 inhibitor (PDE2-A), presents memory-enhancing and anxiolytic-like properties. The behavioral effects of BAY 60-7550 have been associated with its ability to prevent hydrolysis of both cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) thereby interfering with neuronal plasticity. cAMP and cGMP are important mediators of signal transduction and hence a wide range of cellular processes including synaptic plasticity and vasodilation. Type 2 cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDE2) isoforms inactivate cAMP and cGMP by hydrolyzing the phosphodiester bond. It was shown, that BAY-60-7550 antagonized oxidative stress-induced anxiety-like behavioral effects in mice by increasing cGMP signaling.

Bufotailin acetate has garnered little to no interest as a pharmacologically active compound. However, it is used as a precursor in the synthesis of cinobyfagin and deacetylcinobufagin.

(±)-3A,7A-di-epi-Perindopril is a mixture of two isomers (S, RR, SS) and (R, SS, RR) each of which is an isomer of the antihypertensive drug perindopril. The first of which has the same activity as the compound while the second one is almost inactive.

(1''R,3AR)-1'',3A-di-epi-Perindopril is an epimer (S, RS, SR) of the drug perindopril which is commonly used to treat high blood pressure, hypertension, heart failure, or stable coronary artery disease. This form of the drug is much less active than the parent compound, perindopril.

(2R,2'R)-2,2'-di-epi-Perindopril is an epimer (R, SS, RS,) of the drug perindopril which is commonly used to treat high blood pressure, hypertension, heart failure, or stable coronary artery disease. This form of the drug is much less active.

(2R,7AR)-2,7A-di-epi-Perindopril is an epimer (R, SR, SS) of the drug perindopril which is commonly used to treat high blood pressure, hypertension, heart failure, or stable coronary artery disease. This form of the drug is much less active.

(1''R,2R)-1'',2-di-epi-Perindopril is one of the diastereomers of the drug perindopril which is commonly used to treat high blood pressure, hypertension, heart failure, or stable coronary artery disease.

(±)-2,3A-di-epi-Perindopril is a mixture of two isomers (S, SR, RR) and (R, RS, SS) which are both inactive epimers of the antihypertensive drug perindopril, although the (R, RS, SS) isomer possesses better activity.