Friedelin is a natural compound with promising proprieties. On its own or with chemical modification it is possible to introduce relevant biological activities, e.g. anti-cancer, anti-aging and agrochemical. Its availability in significant amounts has been a major drawback on its regular use and in the pursuit of different applications. Cork and cork-derived materials (e.g. black condensate) are the most relevant sources of Friedelin in nature (up to 10% in concentration). Friedelin has being shown to possess marked antioxidant and liver protective effects. Friedelin has also being demonstrated to possess potent anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities.

Guttiferone E (GE) is a prenylated benzophenone derivative and a diastereoisomer of garcinol and a double bond isomer of xanthochymol, firstly isolated from Garcinia species plants. The Garcinia species plants, which are used in folk medicine across Southeast Asian countries, contain a rich source of secondary metabolites, including xanthones, flavonoids, benzophenones, triterpenes and, particularly, the polyprenylated benzophenones. Due to the structural side chains in the isomeric forms, in most cases, the isomers guttiferone E and xanthochymol have been considered as an inseparable mixture. By this reason, there is no information about biological activities of Guttiferone E as a single compound.

Bufalin is a traditional oriental medicines, originally isolated from the Chinese toad venom. Bufalin is a cardiotonic steroid that has the potential to induce differentiation and apoptosis of tumor cells. Research on bufalin has so far mainly involved leukemia, prostate cancer, gastric cancer and liver cancer, and has been confined to in vitro studies. The bufadienolides bufalin and cinobufagin have been shown to induce apoptosis in a wide spectrum of cancer cell. Bufalin has being shown to be a potent small-molecule inhibitor of the steroid receptor coactivators SRC-3 and SRC-1. Bufalin is a component of Huachansu, a Chinese medicine that comes from dried toad venom from the skin glands of Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor or B.melanotictus Schneider, has been used in the treatment of various cancers in China.

Nonactin is the parent compound of macrotetrolides, a group of ionophore antibiotics produced by Streptomyces griseus. The antibacterial effects of nonactin depend upon its ability to form stable complexes with K+, Na+ or NH4 + ions and for it to support the passive diffusion of these ions across cell membranes. Nonactin has been shown to possess antitumor activity and to be an effective inhibitor of the P170-glycoprotein responsible for drug resistance in multiple drug-resistant cancer cell lines. Mitochondrial uncoupler nonactin induces apoptosis selectively in beta-catenin mutant tumor cells.

Rebaudioside C is a natural primary glycoside constituent of the plant Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni and used as natural non-caloric sweeteners to diabetics and others on carbohydrate-controlled diets. Found in the by-product of Rebaudioside A production, Rebaudioside C is produced through advanced glycoside isolation and specialized extraction processing. While not a sweetener itself, Rebaudioside C has been trialed with nutritive sweeteners and shown to enable a 20-25% reduction in calories. In preclinical studies Rebaudioside C shows potent anti-inflammatory activity in against 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced inflammation in mice. Steviol glycosides have not yet been approved as a sweetener in the European Union, but purified rebaudioside A gained GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) status in the USA in 2008, and in the same year the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives suggested a temporary admissible daily intake (ADI) of 0–4 mg/kg body weight, expressed as steviol.

PF-06380101 is a novel cytotoxic Dolastatin 10 analogue; with excellent potencies in tumor cell proliferation assays and differential ADME properties when compared to other synthetic auristatin analogues that are used in the preparation of ADCs.

Quadrone was isolated from the culture broth of Aspergillus terreus. was active against KB cells in vitro, but did not possess antimicrobial activity.

Thiocolchicine is a colchicine-derivative used in the therapy of some diseases and extensively studied in the field of oncological research as antimitotic agent. It is tubulin polymerization and microtubule assembly inhibitor and axonal cytoskeleton modulator; apoptosis inducer. Thiocolchicine-dimers were shown to be potent topoisomerase I inhibitors. Thiocolchicine is a potential antitumor agent.

Guttiferone F (GF) is a prenylated benzophenone derivative firstly isolated from Allanblackia stuhlmannii. In preclinical studies, Guttiferone F induce caspase-3 mediated apoptosis in HeLa cells and prostate cancer cell apoptosis under serum starvation via Ca2+ elevation and JNK activation. Combined with caloric restriction, Guttiferone F exerted significant growth inhibition of PC3 cells xenograft in vivo.

Minumicrolin and murrangatin are the diastereomeric isomers. They are 8-substituted 7-methoxycoumarins isolated from Murraya species. They were found to significantly inhibit EBV-EA activation, and preserved the high viability of Raji cells, suggesting that they might be valuable anti-tumor-promoting agents. Minumicrolin showed mild butyrylcholinesterase inhibition activity. It exhibited cytotoxicity against cholangiocarcinoma cell line, KKU-100.