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Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
MAXAIR by BAUSCH
(1986)
Source URL:
First approved in 1986
Source:
MAXAIR by BAUSCH
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Conditions:
Pirbuterol (trade name Maxair) is a short-acting β2 adrenoreceptor agonist with bronchodilating action used in the treatment of asthma. The pharmacologic effects of beta-adrenergic agonist drugs, including pirbuterol, are at least in proof attributable to stimulation through beta-adrenergic receptors of intracellular adenyl cyclase, the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to cyclic-adenosine monophosphate (c-AMP). Increased c-AMP levels are associated with relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and inhibition of release of mediators of immediate hypersensitivity from cells, especially from mast cells. Pirbuterol is used in asthma for reversal of acute bronchospasm, and also as a maintenance medication to prevent future attacks. It should be used in patients 12 years of age and older with or without concurrent theophylline and/or inhaled corticosteroid. After inhalation of doses up to 800 μg (twice the maximum recommended dose) systemic blood levels of pirbuterol are below the limit of assay sensitivity (2–5 ng/ml). A mean of 51% of the dose is recovered in urine as pirbuterol plus its sulfate conjugate following administration by aerosol. Pirbuterol is not metabolized by catechol-O-methyltransferase.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
TORNALATE by SANOFI AVENTIS US
(1992)
Source URL:
First approved in 1984
Source:
TORNALATE by SANOFI AVENTIS US
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Bitolterol is a beta 2-adrenergic agonist. Since it in itself is biologically inactive, bitolterol is considered a pro-drug. When administered it is activated within the lung by esterase hydrolysis to the active compound colterol catecholamine N-t-butyl-arterenol. Bitolterol was marked under the name tornalate and was indicated to prevent and treat of reversible bronchospasm associated with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. But that drug was withdrawn from the market by Elan Pharmaceuticals in 2001.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
PRANTAL by SCHERING
(1951)
Source URL:
First approved in 1951
Source:
PRANTAL by SCHERING
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Diphemanil methylsulfate (Prantal), a quarternary amine, is a highly specific parasympathetic blocking agent.
Status:
First approved in 1949
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Conditions:
Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) is a nucleotide, consisting of a phosphate group, the sugar ribose, and the nucleobase adenine. AMP is an activator of several enzymes in the tissues. In the glycolytic pathway, the enzyme phosphofructokinase is inhibited by ATP but the inhibition is reversed by AMP, the deciding factor for the reaction being the ratio between ATP and AMP. In medicine, AMP is used mainly as an alternative to adenosine for treatment of ischemia and as a tool compound to measure hyperresponsiveness of airways.
Status:
First approved in 1949
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Conditions:
Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) is a nucleotide, consisting of a phosphate group, the sugar ribose, and the nucleobase adenine. AMP is an activator of several enzymes in the tissues. In the glycolytic pathway, the enzyme phosphofructokinase is inhibited by ATP but the inhibition is reversed by AMP, the deciding factor for the reaction being the ratio between ATP and AMP. In medicine, AMP is used mainly as an alternative to adenosine for treatment of ischemia and as a tool compound to measure hyperresponsiveness of airways.
Status:
First approved in 1949
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Conditions:
Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) is a nucleotide, consisting of a phosphate group, the sugar ribose, and the nucleobase adenine. AMP is an activator of several enzymes in the tissues. In the glycolytic pathway, the enzyme phosphofructokinase is inhibited by ATP but the inhibition is reversed by AMP, the deciding factor for the reaction being the ratio between ATP and AMP. In medicine, AMP is used mainly as an alternative to adenosine for treatment of ischemia and as a tool compound to measure hyperresponsiveness of airways.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
ORTHOXINE by UPJOHN
(1961)
Source URL:
First approved in 1949
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Methoxyphenamine also known as 2-methoxy-N-methylamphetamine (OMMA), is a beta adrenergic receptor agonist nd is used as a bronchodilator to treat asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and postinfectious cough. In addition, methoxyphenamine using is prohibited in sports according to the regulations of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA).
Status:
US Previously Marketed
First approved in 1945
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
TRICHOLINE CITRATE is indicated for the treatment and management of hepatic disorders and asthma symptoms in adults. It exerts lipotropic action in the hepatic cells. It also can lower the symptoms of asthma and reducing the pro-inflammatory and inflammatory mediators of the leukotriene pathway.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
First approved in 1945
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
TRICHOLINE CITRATE is indicated for the treatment and management of hepatic disorders and asthma symptoms in adults. It exerts lipotropic action in the hepatic cells. It also can lower the symptoms of asthma and reducing the pro-inflammatory and inflammatory mediators of the leukotriene pathway.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
Kephrine
(1937)
Source URL:
First marketed in 1937
Source:
Kephrine
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Adrenalone is a keton form of the natural substrate epinephrine. Adrenalone is evidently formed in vivo by hydrolytic cleavage of the diester by esterases. It is an adrenergic receptor agonist. Adrenalone inhibits the norepinephrine synthesis and dopamine beta oxidase. It is known to have very weak sympathomimetic activity when compared to adrenaline. Adrenalone has the high radioprotective effect. It is a topical nasal decongestant. Adrenalone has hemostatic, sympathomimetic and vasoconstrictor therapeutic functions.