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Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula 2C12H17N4OS.2Br.2BrH.H2O
Molecular Weight 870.356
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of THIAMINE HYDROBROMIDE HEMIHYDRATE

SMILES

O.Br.Br.[Br-].[Br-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC2=CN=C(C)N=C2N.CC3=C(CCO)SC=[N+]3CC4=CN=C(C)N=C4N

InChI

InChIKey=FRXIQIQFJIRBSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L
InChI=1S/2C12H17N4OS.4BrH.H2O/c2*1-8-11(3-4-17)18-7-16(8)6-10-5-14-9(2)15-12(10)13;;;;;/h2*5,7,17H,3-4,6H2,1-2H3,(H2,13,14,15);4*1H;1H2/q2*+1;;;;;/p-2

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula C12H17N4OS
Molecular Weight 265.355
Charge 1
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Molecular Formula H2O
Molecular Weight 18.0153
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Molecular Formula Br
Molecular Weight 79.904
Charge -1
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Thiamine, also known as vitamin B1, plays a key role in the human metabolism. It is present in many dietary sources such as meats, eggs, fish, beans and peas, nuts, and whole grains. Upon administration thiamine is converted by thiamine pyrophosphokinase-1 (TPK1) to the active form, thiamine pyrophosphate, which serves as a cofactor for enzymes involved in the TCA cycle and the non-oxidative part of the pentose phosphate pathway. The lack of thiamine may cause the thiamine deficiency. The classical syndrome caused primarily by thiamine deficiency in humans is beriberi, however, symptoms of thiamine deficiency also include congestive heart failure, metabolic acidosis, confusion, ataxia and seizures. Thiamine is a component of many vitamin complexes, which are approved for the treatmen and prevention of general vitamin deficiency, including the thiamine deficiency.

CNS Activity

Curator's Comment: The transport of thiamine across the blood brain barrier was shown in rats.

Approval Year

Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
Target ID: Q9H3S4
Gene ID: 27010.0
Gene Symbol: TPK1
Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Preventing
M.V.I.-12

Approved Use

M.V.I.-12 Unit Vial, is indicated for the prevention of vitamin deficiency in adults and children aged 11 years and above who are on warfarin anticoagulant therapy receiving home parenteral nutrition.

Launch Date

-5.32137607E11
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
386 nM
1500 mg single, oral
dose: 1500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
40 nM
100 mg single, oral
dose: 100 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
95 nM
500 mg single, oral
dose: 500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
39 nM
100 mg single, oral
dose: 100 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
397 nM
1500 mg single, oral
dose: 1500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
113 nM
500 mg single, oral
dose: 500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
2046 nM × h
1500 mg single, oral
dose: 1500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
214 nM × h
100 mg single, oral
dose: 100 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
623 nM × h
500 mg single, oral
dose: 500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
177 nM × h
100 mg single, oral
dose: 100 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
2059 nM × h
1500 mg single, oral
dose: 1500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
612 nM × h
500 mg single, oral
dose: 500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
4.78 h
1500 mg single, oral
dose: 1500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
2.97 h
1500 mg single, oral
dose: 1500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
3.92 h
500 mg single, oral
dose: 500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
500 mg single, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 500 mg
Route: intravenous
Route: single
Dose: 500 mg
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 19
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: various patients
Age Group: adult
Sex: unknown
Population Size: 19
Sources:
Overview

Overview

CYP3A4CYP2C9CYP2D6hERG

OverviewOther

Other InhibitorOther SubstrateOther Inducer




Drug as perpetrator​Drug as victim

Drug as victim

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
yes
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Effects of vitamins on hepatic nuclear binding of L-tryptophan.
2001
Influence of a probiotic yoghurt on the status of vitamins B(1), B(2) and B(6) in the healthy adult human.
2001
Rapid diagnosis of alcoholic ketoacidosis by proton NMR.
2001 Apr
Severe metabolic acidosis and heart failure due to thiamine deficiency.
2001 Apr
Conditioned nutritional deficiencies in the cardiomyopathic hamster heart.
2001 Apr
Nutritional evaluation of ethanol-extracted lentil flours.
2001 Apr
Analysis of slc19a2, on 1q23.3 encoding a thiamine transporter as a candidate gene for type 2 diabetes mellitus in pima indians.
2001 Apr
Suppression of the accumulation of triosephosphates and increased formation of methylglyoxal in human red blood cells during hyperglycaemia by thiamine in vitro.
2001 Apr
[Chronic alcohol abuse. Benfotiamine in alcohol damage is a must].
2001 Apr 19
Aroma extract dilution analysis of a beeflike process flavor from extruded enzyme-hydrolyzed soybean protein.
2001 Feb
Wernicke's encephalopathy following gastroplasty for morbid obesity.
2001 Feb
Consequences of a modified putative substrate-activation site on catalysis by yeast pyruvate decarboxylase.
2001 Feb 13
Inhibitors of advanced glycation end product-associated protein cross-linking.
2001 Feb 14
Reaction mechanism for mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase using natural lipoyl domain substrates.
2001 Feb 15
Glucose induced IEG expression in the thiamin-deficient rat brain.
2001 Feb 16
Certification of B-group vitamins (B1, B2, B6, and B12) in four food reference materials.
2001 Jan
Longitudinal vitamin and homocysteine levels in normal pregnancy.
2001 Jan
Nutritional evaluation of some processed catering foods.
2001 Jan
[Unusual MR findings of Wernicke encephalopathy with cortical involvement].
2001 Jan
Phylogenetic analyses and comparative genomics of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) and pyridoxal phosphate biosynthesis pathways.
2001 Jan
Thiamin treatment and working memory function of alcohol-dependent people: preliminary findings.
2001 Jan
Manothermosonication of foods and food-resembling systems: effect on nutrient content and nonenzymatic browning.
2001 Jan
Phosphorylation of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose by D-xylulokinase of Escherichia coli.
2001 Jan
Sorption and desorption studies on chitin gels.
2001 Jan 10
Isolation and characterization of a human thiamine pyrophosphokinase cDNA.
2001 Jan 26
Marginal vitamin and mineral intake of Costa Rican adolescents.
2001 Jan-Feb
Effects of glucose, vitamins, and DO concentrations on pyruvate fermentation using Torulopsis glabrata IFO 0005 with metabolic flux analysis.
2001 Jan-Feb
Low thiamine intake and risk of cataract.
2001 Jul
Nerve conduction changes in patients with mitochondrial diseases treated with dichloroacetate.
2001 Jul
Mechanism of thiamine uptake by human colonocytes: studies with cultured colonic epithelial cell line NCM460.
2001 Jul
No association between DLST gene and Alzheimer's disease or Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
2001 Jul-Aug
The crystal structure of yeast thiamin pyrophosphokinase.
2001 Jun
Vitamin B intake and status in healthy Havanan men, 2 years after the Cuban neuropathy epidemic.
2001 Jun
Nutritional status in elderly female hip fracture patients: comparison with an age-matched home living group attending day centres.
2001 Jun
Slc19a2: cloning and characterization of the murine thiamin transporter cDNA and genomic sequence, the orthologue of the human TRMA gene.
2001 Jun
Chronic heart failure and micronutrients.
2001 Jun 1
Painful alcoholic polyneuropathy with predominant small-fiber loss and normal thiamine status.
2001 Jun 26
Catalytic acid-base groups in yeast pyruvate decarboxylase. 1. Site-directed mutagenesis and steady-state kinetic studies on the enzyme with the D28A, H114F, H115F, and E477Q substitutions.
2001 Jun 26
Simultaneous determination of thiamin and riboflavin in mushrooms by liquid chromatography.
2001 Mar
Wernicke's encephalopathy in a child: case report and MR findings.
2001 Mar
Aging potentiates the acute and chronic neurological symptoms of pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency in the rodent.
2001 Mar 15
The genes for anabolic 2-oxoglutarate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase from Hydrogenobacter thermophilus TK-6.
2001 Mar 30
[Other drugs administered with TPN solution].
2001 May
[Metabolic acidosis induced by TPN].
2001 May
A novel mutation in the SLC19A2 gene in a Tunisian family with thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anaemia, diabetes and deafness syndrome.
2001 May
Stability of thiamine and vitamins E and A during storage of enteral feeding formula.
2001 May
The bio operon on the acquired symbiosis island of Mesorhizobium sp. strain R7A includes a novel gene involved in pimeloyl-CoA synthesis.
2001 May
Examination of donor substrate conversion in yeast transketolase.
2001 May 11
Application of liquid chromatography to the simultaneous determination of acetylsalicylic acid, caffeine, codeine, paracetamol, pyridoxine, and thiamine in pharmaceutical preparations.
2001 May-Jun
The role of the cysteine residues of ThiI in the generation of 4-thiouridine in tRNA.
2001 Sep 7
Patents

Sample Use Guides

The starting dose (as a component of M.V.I.–12) is one 10 mL daily dose added directly to an intravenous fluid.
Route of Administration: Intravenous
Human Caco-2 cells were incubated (37 Celsius) in Krebs-Ringer buffer (pH 7.4) for different periods of time in the presence of 0.1 uM and 10 uM thiamine. The uptake study demonstrated that thiamine is transported across the cell membrane with Michaelis-Menten constant of 3.18 uM.
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Thu Jul 06 15:44:28 UTC 2023
Edited
by admin
on Thu Jul 06 15:44:28 UTC 2023
Record UNII
WV7TS40872
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
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Name Type Language
THIAMINE HYDROBROMIDE HEMIHYDRATE
WHO-IP  
Common Name English
THIAMINE HYDROBROMIDE HEMIHYDRATE [WHO-IP]
Common Name English
THIAZOLIUM, 3-((4-AMINO-2-METHYL-5-PYRIMIDINYL)METHYL)-5-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-4-METHYL-, BROMIDE, MONOHYDROBROMIDE, HYDRATE (2:1)
Systematic Name English
THIAMINE BROMIDE, MONOHYDROBROMIDE, HEMIHYDRATE
WHO-IP  
Common Name English
3-((4-AMINO-2-METHYL-5-PYRIMIDINYL)METHYL)-5-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-4- METHYLTHIAZOLIUM BROMIDE, MONO-HYDROBROMIDE, HEMIHYDRATE
Systematic Name English
THIAMINE BROMIDE, MONOHYDROBROMIDE, HEMIHYDRATE [WHO-IP]
Common Name English
THIAMINI HYDROBROMIDUM HEMIHYDRATE [WHO-IP LATIN]
Common Name English
THIAZOLIUM, 3-((4-AMINO-2-METHYL-5-PYRIMIDINYL)METHYL)-5-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-4-METHYL-, BROMIDE, HYDROBROMIDE, HYDRATE (2:2:2:1)
Systematic Name English
Code System Code Type Description
FDA UNII
WV7TS40872
Created by admin on Thu Jul 06 15:44:28 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Thu Jul 06 15:44:28 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
92135631
Created by admin on Thu Jul 06 15:44:28 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Thu Jul 06 15:44:28 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
WHO INTERNATIONAL PHARMACOPEIA
THIAMINE HYDROBROMIDE HEMIHYDRATE
Created by admin on Thu Jul 06 15:44:28 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Thu Jul 06 15:44:28 UTC 2023
PRIMARY Description: A white to yellowish white, crystalline powder; odour, slight and characteristic. Solubility: Freely soluble in water and in methanol R; sparingly soluble in ethanol (~750 g/l) TS; practically insoluble in ether R. Category: Component of vitamin B. Storage: Thiamine hydrobromide should be kept in a tightly closed, non-metallic container, protected from light. Definition: Thiamine hydrobromide contains not less than 98.0% and not more than 101.0% of C12H17BrN4OS,HBr, calculated with reference to the dried substance.
CAS
62084-87-1
Created by admin on Thu Jul 06 15:44:28 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Thu Jul 06 15:44:28 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
Related Record Type Details
PARENT -> SALT/SOLVATE
ANHYDROUS->SOLVATE
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ACTIVE MOIETY