U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula C12H17N4OS.Br.BrH
Molecular Weight 426.171
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of THIAMINE HYDROBROMIDE ANHYDROUS

SMILES

Br.[Br-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC2=CN=C(C)N=C2N

InChI

InChIKey=BICSXHHXUZPOLW-UHFFFAOYSA-M
InChI=1S/C12H17N4OS.2BrH/c1-8-11(3-4-17)18-7-16(8)6-10-5-14-9(2)15-12(10)13;;/h5,7,17H,3-4,6H2,1-2H3,(H2,13,14,15);2*1H/q+1;;/p-1

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula BrH
Molecular Weight 80.912
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Molecular Formula C12H16N4OS
Molecular Weight 264.347
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Thiamine, also known as vitamin B1, plays a key role in the human metabolism. It is present in many dietary sources such as meats, eggs, fish, beans and peas, nuts, and whole grains. Upon administration thiamine is converted by thiamine pyrophosphokinase-1 (TPK1) to the active form, thiamine pyrophosphate, which serves as a cofactor for enzymes involved in the TCA cycle and the non-oxidative part of the pentose phosphate pathway. The lack of thiamine may cause the thiamine deficiency. The classical syndrome caused primarily by thiamine deficiency in humans is beriberi, however, symptoms of thiamine deficiency also include congestive heart failure, metabolic acidosis, confusion, ataxia and seizures. Thiamine is a component of many vitamin complexes, which are approved for the treatmen and prevention of general vitamin deficiency, including the thiamine deficiency.

CNS Activity

Curator's Comment: The transport of thiamine across the blood brain barrier was shown in rats.

Approval Year

Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
Target ID: Q9H3S4
Gene ID: 27010.0
Gene Symbol: TPK1
Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Preventing
M.V.I.-12

Approved Use

M.V.I.-12 Unit Vial, is indicated for the prevention of vitamin deficiency in adults and children aged 11 years and above who are on warfarin anticoagulant therapy receiving home parenteral nutrition.

Launch Date

-5.32137607E11
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
386 nM
1500 mg single, oral
dose: 1500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
40 nM
100 mg single, oral
dose: 100 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
95 nM
500 mg single, oral
dose: 500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
39 nM
100 mg single, oral
dose: 100 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
397 nM
1500 mg single, oral
dose: 1500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
113 nM
500 mg single, oral
dose: 500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
2046 nM × h
1500 mg single, oral
dose: 1500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
214 nM × h
100 mg single, oral
dose: 100 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
623 nM × h
500 mg single, oral
dose: 500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
177 nM × h
100 mg single, oral
dose: 100 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
2059 nM × h
1500 mg single, oral
dose: 1500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
612 nM × h
500 mg single, oral
dose: 500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
4.78 h
1500 mg single, oral
dose: 1500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE blood
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
2.97 h
1500 mg single, oral
dose: 1500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
3.92 h
500 mg single, oral
dose: 500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
THIAMINE plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
500 mg single, intravenous
Highest studied dose
Dose: 500 mg
Route: intravenous
Route: single
Dose: 500 mg
Sources:
unhealthy, adult
n = 19
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: various patients
Age Group: adult
Sex: unknown
Population Size: 19
Sources:
Overview

Overview

CYP3A4CYP2C9CYP2D6hERG

OverviewOther

Other InhibitorOther SubstrateOther Inducer




Drug as perpetrator​Drug as victim

Drug as victim

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
yes
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Cloning of the human thiamine transporter, a member of the folate transporter family.
1999 Nov 5
Low plasma thiamine levels in elder patients admitted through the emergency department.
2000 Oct
[Evaluation of vitamin and immune status of patients with chronic palatal tonsillitis].
2001
Conditioned nutritional deficiencies in the cardiomyopathic hamster heart.
2001 Apr
Neurotoxicity and neurocognitive impairments with alcohol and drug-use disorders: potential roles in addiction and recovery.
2001 Feb
[Postoperative encephalopathies: thiamine deficiency, an unrecognized etiology].
2001 Jan
Phylogenetic analyses and comparative genomics of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) and pyridoxal phosphate biosynthesis pathways.
2001 Jan
Thiamin treatment and working memory function of alcohol-dependent people: preliminary findings.
2001 Jan
Manothermosonication of foods and food-resembling systems: effect on nutrient content and nonenzymatic browning.
2001 Jan
Solution structure of ThiS and implications for the evolutionary roots of ubiquitin.
2001 Jan
Vitamin requirements of the cultured flesh fly cells, Sarcophaga peregrina (Diptera, Sarcophagidae).
2001 Jan-Feb
Effects of glucose, vitamins, and DO concentrations on pyruvate fermentation using Torulopsis glabrata IFO 0005 with metabolic flux analysis.
2001 Jan-Feb
Mechanism of thiamine uptake by human colonocytes: studies with cultured colonic epithelial cell line NCM460.
2001 Jul
No association between DLST gene and Alzheimer's disease or Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
2001 Jul-Aug
The crystal structure of yeast thiamin pyrophosphokinase.
2001 Jun
Vitamin B1 and B6 retention in milk after continuous-flow microwave and conventional heating at high temperatures.
2001 Jun
Comparison of ion-pair and amide-based column reversed-phase liquid chromatography for the separation of thiamine-related compounds.
2001 Jun 15
Catalytic acid-base groups in yeast pyruvate decarboxylase. 1. Site-directed mutagenesis and steady-state kinetic studies on the enzyme with the D28A, H114F, H115F, and E477Q substitutions.
2001 Jun 26
Crystal structure of thiamin pyrophosphokinase.
2001 Jun 29
Wernicke's encephalopathy in a child: case report and MR findings.
2001 Mar
Aging potentiates the acute and chronic neurological symptoms of pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency in the rodent.
2001 Mar 15
The genes for anabolic 2-oxoglutarate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase from Hydrogenobacter thermophilus TK-6.
2001 Mar 30
[Other drugs administered with TPN solution].
2001 May
The application of capillary electrophoresis to the analysis of vitamins in food and beverages.
2001 May
Pharmacotherapy of mental illness--a historical analysis.
2001 May
Wernicke's encephalopathy in a non-alcoholic man: case report and brief review.
2001 May
The use of thiamine and thiamine antagonists to investigate the etiology of early mortality syndrome in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush).
2001 May
Application of liquid chromatography to the simultaneous determination of acetylsalicylic acid, caffeine, codeine, paracetamol, pyridoxine, and thiamine in pharmaceutical preparations.
2001 May-Jun
The role of the cysteine residues of ThiI in the generation of 4-thiouridine in tRNA.
2001 Sep 7
Patents

Sample Use Guides

The starting dose (as a component of M.V.I.–12) is one 10 mL daily dose added directly to an intravenous fluid.
Route of Administration: Intravenous
Human Caco-2 cells were incubated (37 Celsius) in Krebs-Ringer buffer (pH 7.4) for different periods of time in the presence of 0.1 uM and 10 uM thiamine. The uptake study demonstrated that thiamine is transported across the cell membrane with Michaelis-Menten constant of 3.18 uM.
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Thu Jul 06 15:44:28 UTC 2023
Edited
by admin
on Thu Jul 06 15:44:28 UTC 2023
Record UNII
K971V37HSF
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
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Name Type Language
THIAMINE HYDROBROMIDE ANHYDROUS
WHO-IP  
Common Name English
3-((4-AMINO-2-METHYL-5-PYRIMIDINYL)METHYL)-5-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-4- METHYLTHIAZOLIUM BROMIDE, MONOHYDROBROMIDE
Systematic Name English
THIAMINE BROMIDE HYDROBROMIDE
Common Name English
THIAMINE HYDROBROMIDE [WHO-IP]
Common Name English
THIAZOLIUM, 3-((4-AMINO-2-METHYL-5-PYRIMIDINYL)METHYL)-5-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-4-METHYL-, BROMIDE, HYDROBROMIDE (1:1:1)
Systematic Name English
THIAMINE BROMIDE-HYDROBROMIDE
Common Name English
THIAMINE HYDROBROMIDE, ANHYDROUS [WHO-IP]
Common Name English
THIAMINI HYDROBROMIDUM [WHO-IP LATIN]
Common Name English
THIAMINE BROMIDE, MONOHYDROBROMIDE
Common Name English
THIAZOLIUM, 3-((4-AMINO-2-METHYL-5-PYRIMIDINYL)METHYL)-5-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-4-METHYL-, BROMIDE, MONOHYDROBROMIDE
Systematic Name English
Code System Code Type Description
CAS
4234-86-0
Created by admin on Thu Jul 06 15:44:28 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Thu Jul 06 15:44:28 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
WHO INTERNATIONAL PHARMACOPEIA
THIAMINE HYDROBROMIDE, ANHYDROUS
Created by admin on Thu Jul 06 15:44:28 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Thu Jul 06 15:44:28 UTC 2023
PRIMARY Description: A white to yellowish white, crystalline powder; odour, slight and characteristic. Solubility: Freely soluble in water and in methanol R; sparingly soluble in ethanol (~750 g/l) TS; practically insoluble in ether R. Category: Component of vitamin B. Storage: Thiamine hydrobromide should be kept in a tightly closed, non-metallic container, protected from light. Definition: Thiamine hydrobromide contains not less than 98.0% and not more than 101.0% of C12H17BrN4OS, HBr, calculated with reference to the dried substance.
PUBCHEM
14216038
Created by admin on Thu Jul 06 15:44:28 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Thu Jul 06 15:44:28 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
K971V37HSF
Created by admin on Thu Jul 06 15:44:28 UTC 2023 , Edited by admin on Thu Jul 06 15:44:28 UTC 2023
PRIMARY
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