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Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula C16H32O2
Molecular Weight 256.4241
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of PALMITIC ACID

SMILES

CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O

InChI

InChIKey=IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C16H32O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16(17)18/h2-15H2,1H3,(H,17,18)

HIDE SMILES / InChI
Molecular Formula C16H32O2
Molecular Weight 256.4241
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Description
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12496284 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14717706 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18511927 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23406428

Palmitic acid is a saturated fatty acid, the principal constituent of refined palm oil, present in the diet and synthesized endogenously. Palmitic acid is able to activate the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR40. Palmitic acid was also a weak ligand of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. Palmitic acid is a ligand of lipid chaperones - the fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs). Dietary palm oil and palmitic acid may play a role in the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and cancer.

CNS Activity

CNS Penetrant
2432
Curator's Comment: Palmitic acid is produced endogenously in the brain and brain penetrant in the animals.

Originator

Approval Year

1991
113
Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
Agonist
2637
 5.3 null [pEC50]
Binding Agent
1037
 156.0 µM [Kd]
Binding Agent
1037
Binding Agent
1037
Binding Agent
1037
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Preventing
Approved
8307
SURFAXIN

Approved Use

SURFAXIN is indicated for the prevention of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature infants at high risk for RDS.

Launch Date

1.33090561E12
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Fatty acid binding proteins from different tissues show distinct patterns of fatty acid interactions.
2000 Jun 20
Fatty acid and triglyceride composition of milk fat from lactating Holstein cows in response to supplemental canola oil.
2001 Apr
Effect of gamma-butyrobetaine on fatty liver in juvenile visceral steatosis mice.
2001 Apr
Effects of authentic and VLDL hydrolysis-derived fatty acids on vascular smooth muscle cell growth.
2001 Apr
Carotenoid esters in vegetables and fruits: a screening with emphasis on beta-cryptoxanthin esters.
2001 Apr
Structural characterization of lipopeptide agonists for the bradykinin B2 receptor.
2001 Apr 15
Tolerance induction by acylated peptides: suppression of EAE in the mouse with palmitoylated PLP peptides.
2001 Apr 2
Induction of apoptosis through B-cell receptor cross-linking occurs via de novo generated C16-ceramide and involves mitochondria.
2001 Apr 27
A stearic acid-rich diet improves thrombogenic and atherogenic risk factor profiles in healthy males.
2001 Feb
Lipotoxicity of the pancreatic beta-cell is associated with glucose-dependent esterification of fatty acids into neutral lipids.
2001 Feb
Breed effects on growth performance, carcass characteristics, fatty acid composition, and palatability attributes in finishing steers.
2001 Feb
Effect of lipopolysaccharide and cytokines on oxidative metabolism in neonatal rat hepatocytes.
2001 Feb
DAG accumulation from saturated fatty acids desensitizes insulin stimulation of glucose uptake in muscle cells.
2001 Feb
5-Hydroxytryptamine 4(a) receptor expressed in Sf9 cells is palmitoylated in an agonist-dependent manner.
2001 Feb 1
Visualization of a functional Galpha q-green fluorescent protein fusion in living cells. Association with the plasma membrane is disrupted by mutational activation and by elimination of palmitoylation sites, but not be activation mediated by receptors or AlF4-.
2001 Feb 9
The composition of saturated fatty acids in plasma phospholipids changes in a way to counteract changes in the mean melting point during pregnancy.
2001 Jan
Alteration of fatty acid profiles in different pulmonary surfactant phospholipids in acute respiratory distress syndrome and severe pneumonia.
2001 Jan
OspA, a lipoprotein antigen of the obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen Piscirickettsia salmonis.
2001 Jan
Effect of long-chain fatty acids in the culture medium on fatty acid composition of WEHI-3 and J774A.1 cells.
2001 Jan
Relationship between the concentrations of plasma phospholipid stearic acid and plasma lipoprotein lipids in healthy men.
2001 Jan
Characterization of a new member of the fatty acid-binding protein family that binds all-trans-retinol.
2001 Jan 12
Interaction between the unphosphorylated receptor with high affinity for IgE and Lyn kinase.
2001 Jan 12
Functional analysis of mutant human carnitine acylcarnitine translocases in yeast.
2001 Jan 26
Determination of retinoids in galenicals by column liquid chromatography with fluorescence and diode-array detection.
2001 Jan 5
Acylation of lysine 983 is sufficient for toxin activity of Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase. Substitutions of alanine 140 modulate acylation site selectivity of the toxin acyltransferase CyaC.
2001 Jan 5
Insulin inhibits peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation in isolated rat hepatocytes.
2001 Jun
Systemic and regional free fatty acid metabolism in type 2 diabetes.
2001 Jun
Demonstration of direct effects of growth hormone on neonatal cardiomyocytes.
2001 Jun 22
Optimization of methods and treatment conditions for studying effects of fatty acids on cell growth.
2001 Mar
Effects of diets enriched in n-6 or n-3 fatty acids on cholesterol metabolism in older rats chronically fed a cholesterol-enriched diet.
2001 Mar
Brain and hippocampus fatty acid composition in phospholipid classes of aged-relative cognitive deficit rats.
2001 Mar
Atomic resolution structure analysis of beta' polymorph crystal of a triacylglycerol: 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-myristoyl-sn-glycerol.
2001 Mar
Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory cerebrosides from phytolaccae radix.
2001 Mar
Purification and characterization of the fatty acid synthase from Bugula neritina.
2001 Mar
Palmitoylation of the luteinizing hormone/human chorionic gonadotropin receptor regulates receptor interaction with the arrestin-mediated internalization pathway.
2001 Mar
Free fatty acids, but not ketone bodies, protect diabetic rat hearts during low-flow ischemia.
2001 Mar
Increased uncoupling proteins and decreased efficiency in palmitate-perfused hyperthyroid rat heart.
2001 Mar
Flux-balance analysis of mitochondrial energy metabolism: consequences of systemic stoichiometric constraints.
2001 Mar
Glucose metabolism in perfused mouse hearts overexpressing human GLUT-4 glucose transporter.
2001 Mar
Expression of rat liver long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase and characterization of its role in the metabolism of R-ibuprofen and other fatty acid-like xenobiotics.
2001 Mar 15
Regulation of G proteins by covalent modification.
2001 Mar 26
[Branched alkanes and other apolar compounds produced by the cyanobacterium Microcoleus vaginatus from the Negev desert].
2001 Mar-Apr
The sites for fatty acylation, phosphorylation and intermolecular disulphide bond formation of influenza C virus CM2 protein.
2001 May
A high-sucrose diet increases gluconeogenic capacity in isolated periportal and perivenous rat hepatocytes.
2001 May
Palmitoylation of caveolin-1 in endothelial cells is post-translational but irreversible.
2001 May 11
Differential palmitoylation of two mouse glutamate receptor interacting protein 1 forms with different N-terminal sequences.
2001 May 18
Physiological levels of mammalian uncoupling protein 2 do not uncouple yeast mitochondria.
2001 May 25
Patents

Patents

2682549
4
2791596
4
JP2000178208A
15
JPH06345802A
21

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide
Unknown
Route of Administration: Unknown
In Vitro Use Guide
The conditioned media from palmitic acid (0.2 mM) treated rat cortical astroglia, but not the cerebellar astroglia, significantly elevated levels of phosphorylated tau and BACE1 in cortical neurons as compared to controls
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
Edited
by admin
on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
Record UNII
2V16EO95H1
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Name Type Language
PALMITIC ACID
Common Name English
SURFAXIN COMPONENT PALMITIC ACID
Brand Name English
HYDROFOL ACID 1690
Code English
PALMITIC ACID [USAN]
Common Name English
KORTACID 1698
Code English
PALMITATE
Common Name English
N-HEXADECANOIC ACID
Common Name English
PALMITIC ACID [FHFI]
Common Name English
PALMITIC ACID [FCC]
Common Name English
PALMITIC ACID [USP-RS]
Common Name English
1-PENTADECANECARBOXYLIC ACID
Systematic Name English
PALMITIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF BORAGE SEED OIL) [DSC]
Common Name English
PALMITIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF SPIRULINA) [DSC]
Common Name English
HEXADECANOIC ACID
Systematic Name English
CETYL ACID [VANDF]
Common Name English
PALMITIC ACID [EP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
CETYLIC ACID
Common Name English
PALMITIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF EVENING PRIMROSE OIL) [DSC]
Common Name English
IMEX C 1498
Code English
PALMITIC ACID [INCI]
Common Name English
PALMITIC ACID [DSC]
Common Name English
LOXIOL EP 278
Code English
FEMA NO. 2832
Code English
NSC-5030
Code English
PALMITIC ACID [MI]
Common Name English
CETYL ACID
VANDF  
Common Name English
PALMITIC ACID [HSDB]
Common Name English
PRIFAC-2960
Common Name English
PALMITIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF FLAX SEED OIL) [DSC]
Common Name English
PRISTERENE-4934
Common Name English
PALMITIC ACID [MART.]
Common Name English
PALMITIC ACID [II]
Common Name English
PALMITIC ACID [VANDF]
Common Name English
Palmitic acid [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
EDENOR C 16-98-100
Code English
PALMITIC ACID (CONSTITUENT OF SAW PALMETTO) [DSC]
Common Name English
LUCINACTANT COMPONENT PALMITIC ACID
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
LOINC 47641-6
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
NCI_THESAURUS C68421
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
LOINC 55873-4
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
LOINC 2719-3
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
EU-Orphan Drug EU/3/04/217
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
LOINC 74625-5
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
DSLD 1603 (Number of products:186)
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
LOINC 75115-6
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
NCI_THESAURUS C68388
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
LOINC 35161-9
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
JECFA EVALUATION PALMITIC ACID
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
CFR 21 CFR 172.860
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
CFR 21 CFR 357.210
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
LOINC 74624-8
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
Code System Code Type Description
NSC
5030
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
USAN
LL-31
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
CHEBI
15756
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
RS_ITEM_NUM
1492007
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
WIKIPEDIA
PALMITIC ACID
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
CAS
57-10-3
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
M8367
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
PRIMARY Merck Index
HSDB
5001
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
ChEMBL
CHEMBL82293
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C61873
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
RXCUI
1426390
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
PRIMARY RxNorm
EVMPD
SUB14744MIG
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
985
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
DAILYMED
2V16EO95H1
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
200-312-9
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
CHEBI
7896
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
2V16EO95H1
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DB03796
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID2021602
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
RXCUI
1370621
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
ALTERNATIVE
MESH
D019308
Created by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Fri Dec 16 15:55:43 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
Related Record Type Details
CORN OIL
LIPID -> FATTY ACID
Value is fatty acid composition (%) for international corn oil w/std. deviation of 1.4% LR Strecker, et al; Proc World Conf Edible Fats & Oils Proc, Amer Oil Chem Soc, pp-309-323(1990)
Structure of POTASSIUM PALMITATE
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
SESAME OIL
LIPID -> FATTY ACID
Value is % of total fatty acids. Maiti, S, et al; Handbook of Annual Oilseed Crops, OIBH, New Delhi, India(1988), pp.1987-90
EVENING PRIMROSE OIL
PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT
USP
Structure of TRIETHANOLAMINE PALMITATE
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
AVOCADO OIL
LIPID -> FATTY ACID
VARIES ACCORDING TO METHOD OF EXTRACTION.
SPIRULINA
PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT
USP
Structure of MANNITAN MONOPALMITATE
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
Structure of PHENYLEPHRINE PALMITATE
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
Structure of PICOPERINE PALMITATE
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
SUNFLOWER OIL
LIPID -> FATTY ACID
Values given are in undefined precent. Average is typical for U.S. Sunflower oil.
Structure of ALUMINUM PALMITATE
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
Structure of MAGNESIUM PALMITATE
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
Structure of SODIUM PALMITATE
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
Structure of ZINC PALMITATE
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
ARCTIUM LAPPA ROOT
PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT
SAW PALMETTO
PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT
USP
RICE BRAN OIL
LIPID -> FATTY ACID
U.S produced rice oil. Values are % of composition.
ELYMUS REPENS ROOT
PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT
Compound measured as 23.50% of the composition of the steam distillate of Elymus repens rhizome as per R Boesel in Planta Medica iss:4 pg:399-400, 1989.
Structure of NEAMINE PALMITATE
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
OLIVE OIL
LIPID -> FATTY ACID
TURKISH SOURCE
PALM OIL
LIPID -> FATTY ACID
Values are % of total.
COTTONSEED OIL
LIPID -> FATTY ACID
G Jurriens and ACJ Kroesen, J Am Oil Chem Soc, 42(9)(1965)(average value). Range values as of FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius Committee on commercial fats and oils.(unspecified percent)
IRIS VERSICOLOR ROOT
PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT
CORN OIL
LIPID -> FATTY ACID
Value is fatty acid composition (%) for US corn oil w/std. deviation of 0.55% LR Strecker, et al; Proc World Conf Edible Fats & Oils Proc, Amer Oil Chem Soc, pp-309-323(1990)
SOYBEAN OIL
LIPID -> FATTY ACID
Values are % of weight of fatty acid composition. O?Connor, RT, Herb, SF; J Am Oil Chem Soc 47, 186A, 195A, 197A(1970)(range) Brignoli, CA et al: J Am Diet Assoc 68, 224(1976)(average)
SAFFLOWER OIL
LIPID -> FATTY ACID
Value is % of composition. Oleic safflower variety UC-1 cited by Knowles, P, Calif. Agr. 19(12), 15(1965), produced 4.5% by composition.
Structure of NEOMYCIN C PALMITATE
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
COD LIVER OIL
PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT
USP
Structure of FRAMYCETIN PALMITATE
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
PEANUT OIL
LIPID -> FATTY ACID
Values are % of total.
FISH OIL
LIPID -> FATTY ACID
MAY BE PRESENT
USP
CANOLA OIL
LIPID -> FATTY ACID
MENYANTHES TRIFOLIATA LEAF
PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT
Coconut oil
LIPID -> FATTY ACID
JB Rossell and co-workers; JAOCS62(2), 221-230(1985). Range weight is a mean.
Structure of LITHIUM PALMITATE
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
Related Record Type Details
Structure of PALMITIC ACID
ACTIVE MOIETY
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