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Restrict the search for
atovaquone
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There is one exact (name or code) match for atovaquone
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2011)
Source:
ANDA091211
(2011)
Source URL:
First approved in 1992
Source:
MEPRON by GLAXOSMITHKLINE LLC
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Atovaquone is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of naphthoquinones; it is manufactured in the US in the liquid form, or oral suspension, under the brand name Mepron. Meron is used for the treatment or prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients who are intolerant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). Also indicated for the acute oral treatment of mild to moderate PCP in patients who are intolerant to TMP-SMX. The mechanism of action against Pneumocystis jiroveci has not been fully elucidated. In Plasmodium species, the site of action appears to be the cytochrome bc1 complex (Complex III). Several metabolic enzymes are linked to the mitochondrial electron transport chain via ubiquinone. Inhibition of electron transport by atovaquone results in indirect inhibition of these enzymes. The ultimate metabolic effects of such blockade may include inhibition of nucleic acid and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis. Several laboratories, using different in vitro methodologies, have shown the IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) of atovaquone against P. jiroveci to be 0.1 to 3.0 mcg/mL.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2011)
Source:
ANDA091211
(2011)
Source URL:
First approved in 1992
Source:
MEPRON by GLAXOSMITHKLINE LLC
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Atovaquone is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of naphthoquinones; it is manufactured in the US in the liquid form, or oral suspension, under the brand name Mepron. Meron is used for the treatment or prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients who are intolerant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). Also indicated for the acute oral treatment of mild to moderate PCP in patients who are intolerant to TMP-SMX. The mechanism of action against Pneumocystis jiroveci has not been fully elucidated. In Plasmodium species, the site of action appears to be the cytochrome bc1 complex (Complex III). Several metabolic enzymes are linked to the mitochondrial electron transport chain via ubiquinone. Inhibition of electron transport by atovaquone results in indirect inhibition of these enzymes. The ultimate metabolic effects of such blockade may include inhibition of nucleic acid and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis. Several laboratories, using different in vitro methodologies, have shown the IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) of atovaquone against P. jiroveci to be 0.1 to 3.0 mcg/mL.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2004)
Source:
ANDA076523
(2004)
Source URL:
First approved in 1989
Source:
LARIAM by ROCHE
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Conditions:
Mefloquine, sold under the brand names Lariam among others, is a medication used to for the treatment of mild to moderate acute malaria caused by Mefloquineuine-susceptible strains of Plasmodium falciparum (both chloroquine-susceptible and resistant strains) or by Plasmodium vivax. Also for the prophylaxis of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria infections, including prophylaxis of chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Mefloquine acts as a blood schizonticide. Mefloquine is active against the erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium species. However, the drug has no effect against the exoerythrocytic (hepatic) stages of the parasite. Mefloquine is effective against malaria parasites resistant to chloroquine. Mefloquine is a chiral molecule. According to some research, the (+) enantiomer is more effective in treating malaria, and the (-) enantiomer specifically binds to adenosine receptors in the central nervous system, which may explain some of its psychotropic effects.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(1998)
Source:
ANDA040274
(1998)
Source URL:
First approved in 1955
Source:
NDA009768
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Hydroxychloroquine possesses antimalarial properties and also exerts a beneficial effect in lupus erythematosus (chronic discoid or systemic) and acute or chronic rheumatoid arthritis. Although the exact mechanism of action is unknown, it may be based on ability of hydroxychloroquine to bind to and alter DNA. Hydroxychloroquine has also has been found to be taken up into the acidic food vacuoles of the parasite in the erythrocyte. This increases the pH of the acid vesicles, interfering with vesicle functions and possibly inhibiting phospholipid metabolism. In suppressive treatment, hydroxychloroquine inhibits the erythrocytic stage of development of plasmodia. In acute attacks of malaria, it interrupts erythrocytic schizogony of the parasite. Its ability to concentrate in parasitized erythrocytes may account for their selective toxicity against the erythrocytic stages of plasmodial infection. As an antirheumatic, hydroxychloroquine is thought to act as a mild immunosuppressant, inhibiting the production of rheumatoid factor and acute phase reactants. It also accumulates in white blood cells, stabilizing lysosomal membranes and inhibiting the activity of many enzymes, including collagenase and the proteases that cause cartilage breakdown. Hydroxychloroquine is used for the suppressive treatment and treatment of acute attacks of malaria due to Plasmodium vivax, P. malariae, P. ovale, and susceptible strains of P. falciparum. It is also indicated for the treatment of discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2009)
Source:
ANDA090122
(2009)
Source URL:
First approved in 1955
Source:
EQUANIL by WYETH AYERST
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Meprobamate is a carbamate derivative used as an anxiolytic drug. Meprobamate enhances GABA-A currents, and at higher concentration, exhibits a separate channel-blocking effect that limits the magnitude of GABA(A) receptor potentiation. It is also a potent adenosine reuptake inhibitor (AdoRI), which is most likely responsible for its lesser degree of sedation compared to barbiturates. Meprobamate was withdrawn from European and Canadian markets due to its potential to cause physical and psychological dependence.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Source:
Octaplasma by Octapharma Pharmazeutika Produktionsges M B H [Canada]
Source URL:
First approved in 2013
Source:
BLA125416
Source URL:
Class:
MIXTURE
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2009)
Source:
NDA022268
(2009)
Source URL:
First approved in 2009
Source:
NDA022268
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Conditions:
Lumefantrine is an antimalarial agent used to treat acute uncomplicated malaria. It is administered in combination with artemether for improved efficacy (Coartem tablets). Lumefantrine is a blood schizonticide active against erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium falciparum. The exact mechanism by which lumefantrine exerts its antimalarial effect is unknown. The most common adverse reactions of Coartem in adults are headache, anorexia, dizziness, asthenia, arthralgia and myalgia.
