Anisodamine is a naturally occurring atropine derivative that has been isolated, synthesized and characterized by scientists in the People's Republic of China. Anisodamine is a non-specific cholinergic antagonist. Anisodamine has been shown to interact with and disrupt liposome structure which may reflect its effects on cellular membranes. Experimental evidence implicates anisodamine as an anti-oxidant that may protect against free radical-induced cellular damage. Its cardiovascular properties include depression of cardiac conduction and the ability to protect against arrhythmia induced by various agents. Anisodamine is a relatively weak alpha(1) adrenergic antagonist which may explain its vasodilating activity. Its anti-thrombotic activity may be a result of inhibition of thromboxane synthesis. Numerous therapeutic uses of anisodamine have been proposed including treatment of septic shock, various circulatory disorders, organophosphorus (OP) poisoning, migraine, gastric ulcers, gastrointestinal colic, acute glomerular nephritis, eclampsia, respiratory diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, obstructive jaundice, opiate addiction, snake bite and radiation damage protection. The primary therapeutic use of anisodamine has been for the treatment of septic shock. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain its beneficial effect though most mechanisms are based upon the assumption that anisodamine ultimately acts by an improvement of blood flow in the microcirculation. Preliminary studies suggest another important therapeutic use of anisodamine is for the treatment of OP poisoning. Anisodamine has been employed therapeutically since 1965 in the People’s Republic of China primarily to improve blood flow in circulatory disorders such as septic shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and as an antidote to organophosphate poisoning.

Zaurategrast (CDP323) is an ethyl ester prodrug of CT7758, a potent carboxylic acid antagonist of integrin alpha4-beta1 (α4β1) or very late antigen 4 (VLA4). CDP323 was under development with UCB and Biogen Idec for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Its development was discontinued in 2009 based on inadequate interim efficacy data in a phase II clinical trial.

TAK-875 (Fasiglifam) is the potent, selective and orally bioavailable GPR40 agonist. The drug was in Phase III clinical trials for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Termination phase III development of TAK-875 for the potential treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus was announced in 2013 due to concerns about liver safety.

Amonafide L-malate (AS1413, Xanafide) is a DNA intercalator and topoisomerase II inhibitor that induces apoptosis by disrupting chromatin organisation independently of ATP. This is different from classical topoisomerase II inhibitors which induce apoptosis by causing extensive DNA damage. Amonafide L-malate is also able to evade P-glycoprotein and related transporters that contribute to multi-drug resistance. AS1413 had orphan drug status in both the U.S. and the E.U. for the treatment of AML and also received Fast Track status from the U.S. FDA for the treatment of secondary AML. Amonafide L-malate was originated by Xanthus Pharmaceuticals. It was added to Antisoma's pipeline through the acquisition of Xanthus Pharmaceuticals, Inc. in June 2008. Antisoma discontinued development of Amonafide L-malate after data from the open-label, international Phase III ACCEDE trial in over 420 patients showed that 600 mg/m 2 IV amonafide for 5 days plus cytarabine missed the primary endpoint of significantly improving initial remission rate, defined as the proportion of patients who achieve CR or CRi, vs. daunorubicin plus cytarabine.

Depreotide is an ingredient in the diagnostic aid (radioactive imaging agent). Technetium Tc 99m labeled depreotide is a scintigraphic imaging agent that identifies somatostatin receptor-bearing pulmonary masses in patients presenting with pulmonary lesions on computed tomography and/or chest x-ray who have known malignancy or who are highly suspect for malignancy. Adverse events were evaluated in clinical studies of 647 adults. Deaths did not occur during the clinical study period. After Technetium Tc 99m Depreotide Injection, serious adverse events were not reported. Headache was the most commonly reported adverse event. EMA withdrew depreotide containing agent NeoSpect.

FLEROBUTEROL is a beta-adrenoceptor agonist with potential antidepressant activity.