Alpha-carotene is a provitamin A carotenoid present in fruits and vegetables. Higher serum concentrations of α-carotene have been associated with lower risk of cancer and all-cause mortality. It was suggested that genetic variants influence serum concentrations of provitamin A. Recently was found, that α-carotene effectively inhibits Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) metastasis and suppresses lung metastasis in combination with taxol in LLC-bearing mice, suggesting that Alpha-carotene could be used as an anti-metastatic agent or as an adjuvant for anti-cancer drugs.

C16 (PKRi) is a selective inhibitor of the enzyme double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR). PKRi prevents striatal neurodegeneration and improves behavioral outcomes in a chemically induced mouse model of Huntington's disease, the efffect mediated by off-target inhibition of CDKs. PKRi restored memory deficit in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. In a mouse model of colon-26 adenocarcinoma, treatment with C16 lead to a significantly higher level of blood glucose and lower level of serum triglyceride compared with placebo group, which indicates potential use for alleviation of cachexia.