Hydroxynaphthoic acid is a salt part of discontinued drug Bephenium hydroxynaphthoate. It was also shown to have anti-diabetic effect in mice, acting as a chemical chaperone and reducing ER stress.

There is no information related to the biological and pharmacological properties of the aleuritic acid. But is known, that this compound is is the major acid constituent of the lac resin secreted by Indian lac insect Kerria lacca. Also, it can be obtained from shellac by saponification. Aleuritic acid is a unique acid containing three hydroxyl groups of which two are of adjacent carbon atoms. It is used as a component in the perfume industry for the preparation of musk aroma.

Tiaprofenic acid is a non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory, analgesic compound, which nonselectively inhibits cyclooxygenase protein. Tiaprofenic acid was approved in Europe for the symptomatic relief of arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and other inflammatory-rheumatic disorders as well as the painful conditions after injury.

Agaricic acid is a resin acid that obtained by extraction with alcohol from obtained from various fungus plants (mushroom) such as Polyporus officinalis (a wood-decay fungus). Since the late 19th century it was used as an antipyretic and antiperspirant, and was official in the German Pharmacopoeia under the name of Agaricinum. Agaricic acid is a sesquihydrate, odorless, almost tasteless, crystalline powder, little soluble in cold water. It is irritant to the gastro-intestinal tract. Experiments on the synthesis of agaricic acid as well as studies of its pharmacological properties are known since 1960s. It was found that Agaricic acid was highly inhibitory (50 to 100%) to malic and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenases of the insect trypanosomatid, Crithidia fasciculata. Agaricic acid is a mycotoxin and is considered under regulations and guidelines established in European Union to protect the consumer from the harmful effects mycotoxins in food. Agaricic acid is among the newest agents to function in the treatment of wrinkles: it inhibits the cross-linking process which leads to dermal proteins denaturation.

Unithiol was developed in the Soviet Union in the late 1950s. It only became more widely used in America and Western Europe since the mid-1970s, and particularly since the late 1970s when the Heyl Company in Germany began production. It remained the mainstay of chelation treatment of arsenic and mercury intoxication for more than half a century. Unithiol has been used in the management of acute and chronic poisoning with a number of different metals and metalloids, and is particularly useful for arsenic, bismuth and mercury. Unithiol can be given parenterally or orally depending on the clinical situation and severity of poisoning. Its action mechanism is close that of complexones. Active sulfhydryl groups enter into reactions with thiol poisons present in blood and tissues, form not toxic complex with them eliminated with urine. The poisons fixation results in the body enzyme systems changed under the poisons effect functions restoration. It is efficient as an antidote in case of intoxications by arsenic and heavy metals salts.

Methylarsonic acid, monosodium salt is an organoarsenic compound formed from the methylation of inorganic arsenic by living organisms. Methylarsonate is used as a contact herbicide in either the monosodium or disodium salt form. It goes by the trade names Weed-E-Rad, Ansar 170 H.C., Ansar 529 H.C., DiTac and others. Methylarsonate is considered only slightly toxic, having an oral LD50 of 2200 mg/Kg for rats. The inhalation risk is greater with LD50 Rats >20 mg. Long term studies with people exposed to organoarsenicals has shown an increased risk of skin cancer (Spiewak, 2001), lung cancer and some liver cancers, although some recent studies have shown some arsenic containing compounds (specifically Arsine trioxide) may have anticarcinogenic properties (Wang, 2001). In mammals, Methylarsonate is also an intermediate in the detoxification of inorganic arsenic. In the arsenate detoxification I pathway, arsenite reacts with S-adenosyl-L-methionine to produce methylarsonate and S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. Arsenite methyltransferase catalyzes this reaction. Methylarsonate then reacts with 2 glutathione molecules to produce glutathione disulfide and methylarsonite. This reaction is catalyzed by methylarsonate reductase. Methylarsonate is an organic arsenic compound with adverse effects similar to those of arsenic trioxide. Methylarsonate was formerly included in some vitamin and mineral preparations. It was once used to treat tuberculosis, chorea, and other affections in which the cacodylates were used.

Iocarmic acid is a molecule used in seventies as a contrast media for myelography. Iocarmate meglumine (Dimer-X), a water-soluble salt of iocarmic acid was reported to be safe and best tolerated by central nervous system compared to metrizamide in a double-blind test in patients with symptoms of lumbar and sacral root involvement. In the experimental and clinical studies of Dimer-X used for ventriculography the apparent superiority of Dimer-X over Conray 60 and Angiografin as far as side effects were concerned was demonstrated, but there were no particular differences in the intensities of the ventriculograms obtained. Morphological studies of the ventricles and histological examinations of the ventricular walls 1 month after injections of Dimer-X into the ventricles of dogs showed no abnormalities. In the clinical studies, ventriculography Dimer-X, performed on patients with diseases of the central nervous system, produced ventriculograms of good diagnostic value with no side effects, such as convulsions, apart from mild headache or vomiting in 4 instances. Ventriculography with Dimer-X was carried in 15 infants with myelomeningocele and progressive hydrocephalus. However, as was shown in a number of studies iocarmate produced moderate to severe arachnoiditis from myelography in primates. Early meningitis side effects following lumbar radiculography with iocarmate meglumine were demonstrated.

1-Naphthyl acetate may be used in a rapid staining method for identification of macrophages. And it was used as a susbtrate for different type of esterases, e.g. butyrylcholinesterase, α-naphthyl acetate esterase for determination of their properties towards to insecticide resistance.

PARASORBIC ACID, a cyclic lactone of sorbic acid, was isolated from ripe berries of mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia). It produced local sarcomas being administered by subcutaneous injection to rats.