Details
Stereochemistry | RACEMIC |
Molecular Formula | C3H8O3S3 |
Molecular Weight | 188.289 |
Optical Activity | ( + / - ) |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 1 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
OS(=O)(=O)CC(S)CS
InChI
InChIKey=JLVSRWOIZZXQAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C3H8O3S3/c4-9(5,6)2-3(8)1-7/h3,7-8H,1-2H2,(H,4,5,6)
Unithiol was developed in the Soviet Union in the late 1950s. It only became more widely used in America and Western Europe
since the mid-1970s, and particularly since the late 1970s when the Heyl Company in Germany began production. It remained the mainstay of chelation treatment of arsenic and mercury intoxication for more than half a century. Unithiol has been used in the management of acute and chronic poisoning with a number of different metals and metalloids, and is particularly useful for arsenic, bismuth and mercury. Unithiol can be given parenterally or orally depending on the clinical situation and severity of poisoning. Its action mechanism is close that of complexones. Active sulfhydryl groups enter into reactions with thiol poisons present in blood and tissues, form not toxic complex with them eliminated with urine. The poisons fixation results in the body enzyme systems changed under the poisons effect functions restoration. It is efficient as an antidote in case of intoxications by arsenic and heavy metals salts.
Originator
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20664538 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24178900
Curator's Comment: , Soviet Union
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
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Target ID: GO:0072593 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25194983 |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
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Primary | DIMAVAL Approved UseDimaval is used for cases of acute mercury poisoning (metallic, vapour, inorganic or organic
compounds), if application by mouth or treatment by means of a gastric aspiration tube are not
possible. |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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Inhibition of NF-kappa B activation by arsenite through reaction with a critical cysteine in the activation loop of Ikappa B kinase. | 2000 Nov 17 |
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The renal Na(+)-dependent dicarboxylate transporter, NaDC-3, translocates dimethyl- and disulfhydryl-compounds and contributes to renal heavy metal detoxification. | 2002 Nov |
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Lead-induced oxidative stress and hematological alterations and their response to combined administration of calcium disodium EDTA with a thiol chelator in rats. | 2004 |
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2,3-Dimercaptopropanol, 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonic acid and meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid acute administration diferentially change biochemical parameters in mice. | 2005 Apr |
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Efficacy of 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid (DMPS) and diphenyl diselenide on cadmium induced testicular damage in mice. | 2005 Dec |
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[Expression of thrombomodulin, endothelial protein C receptor in lung tissue of acute paraquat poisoned rats and intervention of sodium dimercaptopropane sulfonate]. | 2009 Aug |
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Mechanism of thiol-supported arsenate reduction mediated by phosphorolytic-arsenolytic enzymes: I. The role of arsenolysis. | 2009 Aug |
Sample Use Guides
In Vivo Use Guide
Curator's Comment: can also be used orally https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12711426
For managing acute and chronic intoxications by arsenic and mercury compounds utnithiol is injected intramuscular or subcutaneous (5 – 10 ml of 5% solution). The treatment should be started as early as possible. In case of intoxications by arsenic compounds injections are every 6 – 8 hours the first day, 2 – 3 injections every 8 – 12 hours the second day, 1 – 2 injections the subsequent days. Children are made intramuscular injections in the doses 1 ml of 5% solution for each 10 kg of the body mass every 6 hours the first day; then 1 – 3 injections a day.
In case of intoxications by mercury salts the preparation is injected for not less than 6 days.
In case of intoxications by cardiac glicosides it is injected intramuscular or subcutaneous in the dose 5 or 10 ml of the unithiol 5% solution during the first 2 days. Injections are made 3 – 4 times a day. Then it is injected 1 – 2 times a day until the cardiotoxic action stops.
In case of hepatocerebral degeneration 5 – 10 ml of the unithiol solution is prescribed for daily or in a day intramuscular injections, the course being 25 – 30 injections with an interval between the courses – 3 – 4 months.
In case of diabetic polyneuropathy 5 ml of 5% solution is injected for 10 days.
In case of chronic alcoholism the preparation is introduced intramuscular in dose 3 – 5 ml of 5% solution 2 – 3 times a week. For arresting the alcoholic delirium attacks 4 – 5ml of 5% solution is injected intramuscular.
1 ml of the preparation contains 50 mg of unithiol.
Route of Administration:
Other
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25194983
When HepG2 cells were co-treated with As3+ (25 uM) and DMPS (Unithiol) (0.02, 0.2, 1.0, or 2.0 mM), cellular arsenic was decreased with the increasing of
DMPS concentration from 0.02 mM to 2.0 mM. DMPS at high concentration (>1.0 mM) dramatically decreased
the accumulation of arsenic in HepG2 cells. The cellular arsenic was
decreased from 5.72% to 0.13% when the cells were treated with
2.0 mM DMPS.
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C62357
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DTXSID5048344
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086L82361J
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086L82361J
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1546352
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2,3-Dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid
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888
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74-61-3
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SUB121460
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100000144630
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m4502
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6321
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C87416
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ACTIVE MOIETY
SALT/SOLVATE (PARENT)
SALT/SOLVATE (PARENT)