Deracoxib (trade name Deramaxx, Novartis) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug of the coxib class, used in veterinary medicine for the control of postoperative pain and inflammation associated with orthopedic and dental surgery and for the control of pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis in dogs. Data indicate that deracoxib inhibits the production of PGE1 and 6-keto PGF1 by its inhibitory effects on prostaglandin biosynthesis. Deracoxib was shown to have antitumor effect against transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Stannous 2-ethylhexanoate is the stannous salt of 2-ehylhexanoic acid. It is used in the chemical industry as a catalyst for ring-opening polymerization of cyclic diesters in the production of polylactic acid and in the production of urethane foams, silicon, and other polymers.

Trimegestone is a 19-norpregnane progestin. It has a potent progesterone receptor and very low androgen receptor affinities but no detectable affinity to oestrogen receptor. Trimegestone has been developed for use in conjunction with oestrogen and 17-beta-estradiol for postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy. In vitro studies have shown that trimegestone can inhibit cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19). Although its clinical importance is unknown, trimegestone can moderately elevate the plasma concentration of drugs metabolized through CYP2C19, such as citalopram, imipramine and diazepam. Trimegestone is an effective and well-tolerated new progestin, which does not negate the beneficial effects of oestrogen on lipids.

Cobaltous carbonate is used as a feed additive for ruminants, horses and rabbits (dietary cobalt is needed for vitamin B12 synthesis). Cobaltous carbonate has carcinogen, mutagen and reproduction toxicant properties. Cobaltous carbonate is a skin and eye irritant, and a dermal and respiratory sensitizer. Its dust is a hazard to persons handling the substance. Exposure by inhalation must be avoided.

Lead chromate (previously known as chrome yellow), an insoluble chromium metal salt that widely used as a pigment in the production of paints, coatings, and plastics. Lead chromate possessed tumorigenic, genotoxic and clastogenic properties and was substituted by another pigment, cadmium yellow.

Satraplatin is a fourth-generation platinum-based anticancer drug developed by GPC Biotech, Inc. Unlike its predecessors cisplatin and carboplatin, which were administered intravenously, satraplatin was developed for oral administration. Satraplatin mediates its action through the formation of DNA adducts and inter- and intra-strand crosslinks. These adducts distort the DNA template with a deceleration of cells in S phase followed with G2 phase arrest. Satraplatin also inhibits DNA replication and transcription and induces signal transduction pathway, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Satraplatin was investigated in phase III clinical trials against metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer. Despite the improvement in progression-free survival and palliation, overall survival was not improved with satraplatin therapy. The median survival was 61.3 weeks in the satraplatin group and 61.4 weeks in the prednisone and placebo group. In July 2007, GPC Biotech announced the withdrawal of the New Drug Application (NDA) for satraplatin, and the development of the drug was discontinued.

Pleconaril (Picovir) is an antiviral drug that was being developed by Schering-Plough for prevention of asthma exacerbations and common cold symptoms in patients exposed to picornavirus respiratory infections. Pleconaril binds to a hydrophobic pocket in viral protein 1, the major protein which comprises the capsid (the outer "shell") of picornaviruses. In enteroviruses, this prevents the virus from exposing its RNA, and in rhinoviruses, it also prevents the virus from attaching itself to the host cell. The results of two randomized, double-blind, placebo studies found Pleconaril treatment could benefit patients suffering from colds due to picornaviruses. Participants in the studies were healthy adults from Canada and the United States, with self-diagnosed colds that had occurred within 24 hours of trial enrollment. Participants were randomly given a placebo or two 200 mg tablets to take three times daily for five days. To increase absorption it was recommended to be taken after a meal. To monitor the effectiveness of Pleconaril, Participants recorded the severity of their symptoms and nasal mucosal samples were obtained at enrollment, day 3, day 6 and day 18. The two studies had a total of 2096 participates and more than 90% (1945) completed the trial. The most common reason for a participant not finishing the trial was an adverse event. Pleconaril treatment showed a reduction in nose blowing, sleep disturbance, and less cold medication used. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration rejected pleconaril in 2002 due to the side effects. The most commonly reported side effects were mild to a moderate headache, diarrhea, and nausea.

Raltitrexed belongs to a group of medicines known as antimetabolites. It is used to treat cancer of the colon and rectum. It may also be used to treat other kinds of cancer, as determined by your doctor. Raltitrexed blocks an enzyme needed by the cell to live. This interferes with the growth of cancer cells, which are eventually destroyed. Since the growth of normal body cells may also be affected by raltitrexed, other effects will also occur. Some of these may be serious and must be reported to your doctor. Other effects, like hair loss, may not be serious but may cause concern. Raltitrexed inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS) leading to DNA fragmentation and cell death. It is transported into cells via a reduced folate carrier. Inside the cell Raltitrexed is extensively polyglutamated, which enhances thymidylate synthase inhibitory power and duration. Inhibition of this enzyme results in decreased synthesis of thymidine triphosphate which is required for DNA synthesis. Raltitrexed is used for the treatment of malignant neoplasm of colon and rectum. Although raltitrexed is not approved by the US FDA, the drug was licensed in Canada and some European countries.

Pyrethrins are natural insecticides derived from chrysanthemum flowers containing a mixture of six components: pyrethrin I, cinerin I, jasmolin I, pyrethrin II, cinerin II, and jasmolin II. Pyrethrins induce a toxic effect in insects when they penetrate the cuticle and reach the nervous system. Pyrethrins bind to sodium channels that occur along the length of nerve cells. Sodium channels are responsible for nerve signal transmission along the length of the nerve cell by permitting the flux of sodium ions. When pyrethrins bind to sodium channels, normal function of the channels is obstructed thereby resulting in hyperexcitation of the nerve cell and, consequently, a loss of function of the nerve cell. The shutdown of the insect nervous system and death are most often the consequences of insect exposure to pyrethrins. Pyrethrin II has strong activity against Plasmodium falciparum.