Pralnacasan is a potent, non-peptide inhibitor of interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE, aka Caspase-1). It was originally discovered by Vertex Pharmaceuticals and licensed for development to Aventis Pharma. In 2003 Aventis and Vertex Pharmaceuticals agreed to voluntarily discontinue development based on results from a 9-month animal toxicity trial that showed liver abnormalities due to chronic high doses of pralnacasan. Pralnacasan has also been investigated for the treatment of Partial Epilepsy; advancing to Phase II clinical trials.

RP6530 (Tenalisib) is a potent and selective dual Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) δ/γ inhibitor. It inhibited growth of B-cell lymphoma cell lines, additionally, the compound showed cytotoxicity in a panel of lymphoma primary cells. Rhizen Pharmaceuticals is developing RP6530 for the treatment of hematologic malignancies.

Resiquimod is an imidazoquinolinamine and Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist with potential immune response modifying activity. Resiquimod exerts its effect through the TLR signaling pathway by binding to and activating TLR7 and 8 mainly on dendritic cells, macrophages, and B-lymphocytes. This induces the nuclear translocation of the transcription activator NF-kB as well as activation of other transcription factors. This may lead to an increase in mRNA levels and subsequent production of cytokines, especially interferon-alpha (INF-a) and other cytokines, thereby enhancing T-helper 1 (Th1) immune responses. In addition, topical application of resiquimod appears to activate Langerhans' cells, leading to an enhanced activation of T-lymphocytes. Resiquimod is used as a topical gel[1] in the treatment of skin lesions[2] such as those caused by the herpes simplex virus[3][4] and cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Due to its immunostimulatory activity, this agent may potentially be used as a vaccine adjuvant.

Triapine (3-aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemcirbazone, (3-AP; NTO-1151; OCX-0191) is a novel small molecule ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor that acts on the M2 (R2) subunit. Ribonucleotide reductase is an enzyme involved in the de novo synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides, which are critical for DNA replication and DNA repair. Triapine has been used in trials phase II studying the treatment of Lung Cancer, Kidney Cancer, Prostate Cancer Pancreatic Cancer, among others. Recently was published the article describing, that the triple combination triapine-cisplatin-paclitaxel was safe and provided a rational basis for a follow-up phase II trial to evaluate the efficacy and progression-free survival in women with metastatic or recurrent uterine cervix cancer.

Losigamone possesses an unique anticonvulsant activity profile and has an excellent tolerability. Losigamone causes dose-dependent inhibition of the tonic hind leg extension produced by electric shock, pentylenetetrazole, bicuculline, nicotine and 4-aminopyridine. Losigamone also inhibits clonic seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole, bicuculline and picrotoxin, whereas it has no effect on the hind leg extension caused by strychnine and picrotoxin or the clonic seizures induced by NMDA. Losigamone had been in phase III clinical trial for the treatment of partial epilepsies. However, this development was discontinued.

Dexbudesonide (22R- Budesonide) is an epimer R of Budesonide, last is used as a mixture of 22R and 22S epimers for the topical treatment of asthma, rhinitis, and inflammatory bowel disease

DOV 216,303 [(+/-)-1-(3, 4-dichlorophenyl)-3-azabicyclo-[3.1.0] hexane hydrochloride] is the prototype of a class of compounds referred to as "triple" reuptake inhibitors. DOV 216,303 were licensed from Wyeth in 1998. This compound inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-HT), and dopamine (DA), the three neurotransmitters most closely linked to major depressive disorder. In August 2004, DOV entered into a development and commercialization partnership for the triple reuptake inhibitors (DOV 21,947 and DOV 216,303) with Merck for depression.

Pfizer developed AG-013958, also known as AG-13958 for treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). As a VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, AG13958 was targeted to FLT/TYK receptor inhibition.

Morpheridine is a pethidine analog with strong analgesic activity. Morpheridine does not cause convulsions, although it produces the standard opioid side effects such as sedation and respiratory depression. Morpheridine is not currently used in medicine and is a Schedule I drug which is controlled under United Nations drug conventions.